Grishin, Zhang & Cong & Shen & Grishin, 2022

Zhang, Jing, Cong, Qian, Shen, Jinhui & Grishin, Nick V., 2022, Taxonomic changes suggested by the genomic analysis of Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera), Insecta Mundi 2022 (921), pp. 1-135 : 9-11

Adina Grishin , new genus

http://zoobank.org/ B2165827-0302-48FD-8010-7B74D73D7FEC

Type species. Nascus adrastor Mabille and Boullet, 1912 , reinstated status.

Definition. Nascus adrastor was placed as a synonym of Bungalotis midas (Cramer, 1775) (type locality Suriname) by Evans (1952: 139), who assumed it was “an aberration without the spot in space 3 upf.” Sequencing a leg of the N. adrastor holotype (NVG-18086A10, EL63165) in MNHP reveals that in addition to not being conspecific with B. midas (which is in a clade far removed from it), N. adrastor may be sister to all Evans’ “ Bungalotis Sub-group” genera but Dyscophellus Godman and Salvin, 1893 with Euriphellus Austin, 2008 ( Fig. 1 ), and therefore is not congeneric with any of them. Hence, first, we reinstate Nascus adrastor Mabille and Boullet, 1912 as a specieslevel taxon, because it is apparently not conspecific with any taxon with a more senior name. Second, we establish a new genus and place Adina adrastor in it as the type species. This new genus is distinguished from its relatives by the following combination of characters. Forewings lack hyaline spot in cell M 3 -CuA 1 (Evans’ “space 3”) proximally to the irregular band formed by aligned and fully connected spots in discal cell and cells CuA 1 -CuA 2 and

CuA 2 -1A+2A (apparently not an aberration!). However, instead, there is a feeble white-centered dark-brown spot halfway between the white band and the outer margin. Furthermore, such small spots mark next four cells towards costa: a doublet of submarginal spots (in cells M 1 -M 2 and M 2 -M 3) and a doublet of subapical spots (in cells R 4 -R 5 and R 5 -M 1). It is possible that these spots may be better developed or hyaline in other specimens. Central spot in ventral hindwing cell CuA 2 -1A+2A is nearly equidistant from the discal cell spot and spot in cell CuA 1 -CuA 2, slightly closer to the latter spot and not in-line with the former as in other genera. All these large ventral spots are gray-centered. Palpi brown, cheeks narrowly yellowish-white under eyes. Fringes prominently checkered on both wings. It should be noted that both antennae and all wings are glued onto the body of the A. adrastor holotype that we sequenced a leg of. Nevertheless, a combination of unique wing pattern with the unique genotype of the leg suggests that at least the wings may indeed belong to this body. Furthermore, in the absence of known males, the best diagnostic characters for this new genus are given by DNA, in particular in the COI barcode: T70A, A241T, T382C, T442C, A454T, and A562G, and in the nuclear genome: aly2012.62.1:T90C, aly 1656.12.3:T762C, aly 1656.12.3:A772G, aly349.23.9:C455T, and aly349.23.9:G475A.

Etymology. The name is a feminine noun in the nominative singular, starting as the type species name to form a Hebrew name עדינה (pronounced ah-DEE-nah) meaning “gentle” or “subtle”. The genus being a gentle reminder that subtle phenotypic differences may hide the large genetic differentiation that can be revealed by genomic sequencing leading to surprising and insightful results.

Species included. Only the type species.

Parent taxon. Tribe Phocidini Tutt, 1906 .

Figures

Figure 1. Genomic tree of Eudaminae. The tree is constructed from protein-coding regions. The tree is rooted with Pterourus glaucus (Linnaeus, 1758) (NVG-1670), not shown. Statistical support values are shown on nodes. For each specimen, its name adopted in this work is given first, and a previously used name is listed in square brackets (if different), supplemented with the DNA sample number, type status (see Table 2 caption for abbreviations) and general locality. See Table S1 in the Supplemental file for additional data about these specimens. Synonyms are given in parentheses preceded by “=”, and in addition by “‡” for unavailable names. The type status refers to this synonym, if the synonym name is provided. Clades corresponding to new genera, subgenera and species are colored in red, orange and green, respectively, and the names of new taxa are highlighted accordingly. Names of selected tribes, subtribes, genera, and subgenera are labeled at their clades. Clades corresponding to some genera are highlighted in yellow to compare their genetic diversifications (length of the highlight in horizontal dimension) with each other. Groups of similar genetic diversification would ideally correspond to genera. The