Ceratozamia miqueliana H.Wendl., Index Palm. 68. 1854
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https://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.208.80382 |
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https://treatment.plazi.org/id/19E22097-7356-5A98-A0C6-3E75C328118A |
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scientific name |
Ceratozamia miqueliana H.Wendl., Index Palm. 68. 1854 |
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19. Ceratozamia miqueliana H.Wendl., Index Palm. 68. 1854
Figs 7F View Figure 7 , 8A-C View Figure 8 , 9D View Figure 9 , 11A View Figure 11
Ceratozamia mexicana Brongn. var. miqueliana (H.Wendl.) J. Schust., Pflanzenr. (Engler) Heft 99, 4 fam 1: 131. 1932. Type: Based on Ceratozamia miqueliana H. Wendl.
Type.
Mexico. Veracruz: West of Santiago Tuxtla , Cerro el Vigi ́a, 5 Jul 1983, D.W. Stevenson 542 F (neotype, designated by Stevenson and Sabato 1986, pg. 580: NY! [00001118]) .
Description.
Stem 45-75 cm long, 16-18 cm in diameter, epigeous, erect and decumbent. Cataphylls 3-7 × 1.5-4 cm wide at the base, persistent, triangular, reddish brown, densely brown tomentose at emergence, glabrous at maturity, apex acuminate. Leaves 12-37, 35-261 cm long, ascending, light green and glaucous at emergence with brown trichomes, glabrous at maturity. Petiole 31-97 cm long, terete, linear, pink at emergence, green in mature leaves; with 8-60 robust prickles, 0.22-0.59 cm long. Rachis 41-164 cm long, terete, linear, pink at emergence, yellowish green in mature leaves, with prickles. Leaflets 12-23 pairs, opposite to subopposite, insertion in one plane, oblong, in general longitudinally planar, not basally falcate, papyraceous, flat, green with abaxial and adaxial sides glabrous, acuminate and asymmetrical at the apex, distal end with entire margins, attenuate at base, with conspicuous and green-light veins; median leaflets 16-36 × 4.4-8.7 cm, 2.9-8.5 cm between leaflets; articulations 0.3-1.8 cm wide, greenish. Pollen strobili 15-30 cm long, 3.1-4.2 cm in diameter, usually solitary (1-2), cylindrical, erect, greenish yellow with red trichomes at emergence, greenish yellow to cream at maturity; peduncle 3.5-5.0 cm long, 1.9-2.2 cm in diameter, tomentose, light brown; microsporophylls 1-2 × 0.7-1.5 cm, obconical with a non-recurved distal face and deeply lobate fertile portion, infertile portion 0.35-0.50 cm long and rounded with straight horns 0.30-0.42 cm long, 0.52-0.70 cm and an acute angle between the horns. Ovulate strobili 22-30 cm long, 8.9-12 cm in diameter, solitary, cylindrical, erect, green with blackish trichomes, yellowish green with blackish trichomes at maturity, acuminate apex; peduncle 7-12 cm long, 2.7-3.3 cm in diameter, erect and pendulous, tomentose, light brown; megasporophylls 64-110, 8-11 orthostichies with 8-10 sporophylls per orthostichy, 2.0-3.0 × 3.5-4.2 cm, with a prominent distal face, horns straight and 0.35-0.43 cm long, 1.06-1.12 cm between horns with a right angle between the horns. Seeds 2.4-3 cm long, 1.3-1.8 cm in diameter, ovate, sarcotesta whitish yellow to yellow when immature, light brown at maturity.
Distribution and habitat.
Ceratozamia miqueliana is endemic to southwest Mexico in Chiapas, Tabasco and Veracruz States (Fig. 20C View Figure 20 ), where it occurs on shallow soils in evergreen tropical rain forest at 19-1,000 m.
Etymology.
The specific epithet was assigned in honor of Friedrich Anton Wilhelm Miquel.
Common names.
Mexico. Veracruz: Palmita (J. Rees 1657).
Uses.
The leaves are used for decorations during festivities in Santiago Tuxtla (Veracruz).
Conservation status.
( IUCN 2021). Ceratozamia miqueliana is listed as "Critically Endangered" under criteria A2acd. This species has a wide distribution; however, the evergreen tropical rain forest in Veracruz has declined dramatically in recent years ( Guevara et al. 2004). In addition, most of the populations occur in areas of interest for the oil industry.
Discussion.
Ceratozamia miqueliana differs from its congeners by its robust and long prickles, and papyraceous, oblong and glabrous (lustrous) leaflets. In addition, ovulate strobili are yellowish yellowish green with blackish trichomes and have an acuminate apex at maturity. This species is closely related to C. zoquorum , however, that species has descending leaves with coriaceous leaflets.
Specimens examined.
Mexico. Chiapas: Mun. Ocozocoautla de Espinosa, 421 m, 23 Oct 1997, R. Jua ́rez-Galdamez 4 (CHIP, MO, XAL); 800 m, 21 Jan 2001, S. Avendan ̃o 5223 (MEXU); 765 m, 21 Jan 2001, T.W. Walters 2001-2036-A (MEXU); 2001-2036-C (XAL). Tabasco: Mun. Huimanguillo, 405 m, 10 Aug 2013, F. Nicolalde-Morejo ́n et al. 1826-1846 (CIB); 23 Jun 1998, G. Orti ́z G. 5291 (MEXU). Veracruz: Mun. A ́ngel R. Cabada, 231 m, 29 Oct 2013, F. Nicolalde-Morejo ́n et al. 1868-1887 (CIB); 30 Oct 2013, F. Nicolalde-Morejo ́n et al. 1888-1909 (CIB). Mun. Catemaco, 31 Oct 2013, F. Nicolalde-Morejo ́n et al. 1910-1929 (CIB). Mun. Coatzacoalcos, 22 m, 2 Apr 2003, C.H. Ramos 2266 (MEXU); Jun 1960, E. Hernández X. et al. 162 (CHAPA); 26 Jun 1997, G. Castillo C. & F. Morocini 16267 (XAL); 30 m, 7 Sep 2005, 30 m, L.H. Bojórquez-Galván 1601 (CIB); 18 Jan 2001, S. Avendan ̃o R. 5214 (MEXU); 31 m, 18 Jan 2001, T.W. Walters 2001-21-A, B (XAL); T.W. Walters 2001-21-D (MEXU). Mun. Ixhuatlan del Sureste , 45 m, 13 Sep 2011, J. Calónico-Soto & B. Gómez C. 27780 (MEXU). Mun. Las Choapas, 115 m, 26 Nov 2011, A. Rinco ́n G. 2894 (XAL); 115 m, 30 Jun 2003, E. Lo ́pez P. 634 (XAL); 100 m, 25 Nov 2004, F. Nicolalde-Morejo ́n et al. 1434 (XAL). Mun. Mecayapan, 13 Jul 1994, G. Castillo-Campos et al. 12,565 (ENCB, XAL); 9 Mar 1995, G. Castillo-Campos et al. 13470, 13489 (XAL); 5 Aug 1985, J.I. Calzada 11207 (CH, MEXU) ; 300 m, 16 Jul 1982, M. Nee et al. 25066 (XAL), 25118 (MO, NY, XAL); 950 m, 26 Jan 1992, M. Va ́zquez- Torres 4123 (CIB); 5 May 1995, M. Va ́zquez- Torres 5017 (CIB). Mun. Moloacán, 60 m, 19 Dec 1974, J. Rees 1657 (MEXU, XAL), 1658 (XAL), 6347, 6348 (IEB). Mun. Nanchital, 34 m, 12 Aug 2011, J. Rivera H. et al. 4530 (XAL). Mun. Santiago Tuxtla, 900- 1,000 m, 5 Jul 1983, D.W. Stevenson et al. 541 A-C- F, I, K (NY), G, H, J, N (MEXU, NY); 5 Jul 1983, D.W. Stevenson et al. 542 A-E, H (NY); 650 m, 28 Mar 2014, F. Nicolalde-Morejo ́n & L. Marti ́nez-Domínguez 1988-1998 (CIB); 950 m, 24 Jan 1972, J.H. Beaman 5507 (XAL); 650 m, 28 Mar 2014, L. Marti ́nez-Domínguez & F. Nicolalde-Morejo ́n 88-106 (CIB), 107 (CIB, MEXU); 800 m, 28 May 1967, L. Scheinvar 673 (MEXU); 29 Aug 1967, M. Sousa 3201 (MEXU); 845 m, 17 Jan 2001, S. Avendan ̃o R. 5207 (MEXU); 845 m, 17 Jan 2001, T.W. Walters et al. TW 2001-2019 (MEXU, XAL). Mun. Pajapan, 830-980 m, 15 Jul 1982, M. Nee et al. 25066 (XAL). Mun. Soteapan, 250 m, 13 May 1986, M. Va ́zquez-Torres 3360 (CIB, XAL). Mun. Tatahuicapan de Jua ́rez, 849 m, C.I. Carvajal & M.J. Fragoso 797 (CIB); 15 Mar 2008, L H. Bojórquez-Galván et al. 1939, 1946 (CIB) .
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