Sabethes, Robineau-Desvoidy, 1827

Neves, Maycon Sebastião Alberto Santos, Motta, Monique Albuquerque, Maciel-De-Freitas, Rafael, Xavier, Alexandre Da Silva, Lourenço-De-Oliveira, Ricardo & Silva-Do-Nascimento, Teresa Fernandes, 2024, Illustrated identification key to females of the genus Sabethes Robineau-Desvoidy recorded from Brazil (Diptera: Culicidae), in dichotomous and interactive formats, including an updated list of species and new records for the states, Zootaxa 5406 (2), pp. 253-287 : 256-263

Key to the adult females of Sabethes species recorded in Brazil

1. Prealar setae present ( Fig. 1A ) (subgenus Davismyia )................................................ petrocchiae

- Prealar setae absent ( Fig. 1B )........................................................................... 2

2(1). Upper proepisternal setae present ( Fig. 1A )................................................................ 3

- Upper proepisternal setae absent ( Fig. 1B ) (subgenus Sabethes )................................................ 7

3(2). Midtarsus with white scaling ( Fig. 1E ) (subgenus Sabethoides )................................................ 4

- Midtarsus entirely dark-scaled ( Fig. 1F ).................................................................. 21

4(3). Upper mesepimeral setae short, not reaching mid area of mesopostnotum, reaching only the lateral area ( Fig. 2A )........ 5

- Upper mesepimeral setae long, reaching mid area of mesopostnotum ( Fig. 2B ).................................... 6

5(4). Midtarsus white-scaled from base of tarsomere 2 to apex of tarsomere 4 ( Fig. 2C ); abdominal terga V and VI with lateral spot of silver scales expanded toward the apex like an angular incision ( Fig. 2E )............................. chloropterus

- Midtarsus white-scaled from base of tarsomere 3 to apex or almost to the apex of tasomere 4 ( Fig. 2D ); abdominal terga V and VI with lateral spot of silver scales limited to base ( Fig. 2F )............................................. conditus

6(4). Antepronotum with blue scales dorsally ( Fig. 2G )................................................... tridentatus

- Antepronotum with greenish scales dorsally ( Fig. 2H )............................................. glaucodaemon

7(2). Midtarsus entirely dark-scaled ( Fig. 1F )................................................................... 8 Midtarsus white-scaled ( Fig. 1E )....................................................................... 15 8(7). Midleg without paddles ( Fig. 3A )................................................................ purpureus

- Midleg with paddles ( Fig. 3B )........................................................................... 9

9(8). Upper mesepimeral setae black; a single yellowish seta may be present among the black setae ( Fig. 3C )............... 10

- Upper mesepimeral setae yellowish ( Fig. 3D )............................................................. 13

10(9). Postpronotum entirely blue-scaled ( Fig. 3E )............................................................... 11

- Postpronotum covered with blue scales dorsally, with pale golden scales ventrally ( Fig. 3F )......................... 12

11(10). Abdominal segments VI and VII with colors separated laterally in a straight line ( Fig. 4A )....................... batesi

- Adominal segments VI and VII with colors separated laterally by rounded incisions ( Fig. 4B ).................. cyaneus

12(10). Scutum entirely covered with blue scales ( Fig. 4C ); ventral surface of midfemora with a line of scales with pale golden reflection ( Fig. 4G )................................................................................ lanei

- Scutum covered with greenish scales, scales of antealar and supralar areas with golden reflections ( Fig. 4D ); midfemora dark-scaled ventral surface ( Fig. 4H )....................................................................... spixi

13(9). Antepronotum with violaceous scales dorsally, contrasting with blue coloration of scutum ( Figs 4E , 8A ).. albiprivus (in part)

- Antepronotum with blue scales dorsally, similar to coloration of scutum ( Fig. 4F )................................. 14

14(13). Postpronotum entirely blue-scaled ( Fig. 3F )...................................................... quasicyaneus

- Postpronotum with dorsal area covered with blue scales and ventral area with slightly golden scales ( Figs. 3E , 8B ).............................................................................................. albiprivus (in part)

15(7). Scutum with median dark stripe distinct from bluish and golden lateral areas ( Fig. 5A )...................... bipartipes

- Scutum without median dark stripe, entirely covered with scales of same color ( Fig. 5B )........................... 16

16(15). Upper mesepimeral setae long, reaching mid area of mesopostnotum ( Fig. 2B )................................... 17

- Upper mesepimeral setae short, not reaching mid area of mesopostnotum, reaching only the lateral area ( Fig. 2A )....... 19

17(16). Mesopostnotum with spot of silvery-white scales ( Fig. 5C ).......................................... gymnothorax

- Mesoposnotum without spot of silvery-white scales ( Fig. 3D )................................................. 18

18(17). Foretarsus white-scaled from tarsomere 3 to basal half of tarsomere 5.................................. amazonicus

- Foretarsus white-scaled from apical half of tarsomere 2 to of tarsomere 4................................. forattinii

19(16). Foretarsomere 3 entirely dark-scaled ( Fig. 5D ).................................................. tarsopus / ortizi

- Foretarsomere 3 white-scaled ventrally ( Fig. 5E )........................................................... 20

20(19). Foretarsomeres 2 and 3 white-scaled ventrally ( Fig. 5E )............................................... belisarioi

- Foretarsus white-scaled ventrally from apical half of tarsomere 2 to basal half of tarsomere 4................. cerqueirai

21(3). Lower mesokatepisternal seta present ( Fig. 1C ) (subgenus Peytonulus )......................................... 22

- Lower mesokatepisternal seta absent ( Fig. 1D ) (subgenus Sabethinus ).......................................... 30

22(21). Scutum covered with dull scales, without metallic sheen ( Fig. 6A )....................................... shannoni

- Scutum covered with brilliant metallic-colored scaling ( Fig. 6B ).............................................. 23

23(22). Proboscis entirely dark-scaled ventrally ( Fig. 5F ).......................................................... 24

- Proboscis with pale scales ventrally ( Fig. 5G, H )........................................................... 26

24(23). Hindtarsomere 5 white-scaled ventrally ( Fig. 6C ).......................................................... 25

- Hindtarsomere 5 entirely dark-scaled ( Fig.6D )......................................................... ignotus

25(24). Antepronotum with violaceous scaling dorsally....................................................... undosus

- Antepronotum with violaceous and blue scaling dorsally............................................ hadrognathus

26(23). Proboscis with spot of pale scales ventrally ( Fig. 5H )....................................................... 27

- Proboscis with line of pale scales ventrally ( Fig. 5G )........................................................ 29

27(26). Hindtarsomere 5 white-scaled ventrally ( Fig. 6C ).......................................................... 28

- Hindtarsomere 5 dark-scaled ventrally ( Fig. 6D )..................................................... whitmani 28(27). Antepronotum with violaceous scaling dorsally......................................................... soperi

- Antepronotum with blue scaling dorsally............................................................. fabricii

29(26). Hindtarsomere 5 white-scaled ventrally ( Fig. 6C ).................................................... aurescens

- Hindtarsomere 5 entirely dark-scaled ( Fig. 6D )...................................................... identicus

30(21).Vertex and dorsal area of antepronotum with same metallic coloration ( Fig. 7A, B )................................ 31

- Vertex and dorsal area of antepronotum with distinct metallic coloration ( Fig. 7C )................................ 32

31(30). Vertex and dorsal area of antepronotum with violaceous reflections ( Fig. 7A )............................ intermedius

- Vertex and dorsal area of antepronotum with bluish reflections ( Fig. 7B ).............................. melanonymphe

32(30). Vertex predominantly with violaceous reflections and dorsal area of antepronotum with azure blue reflections ( Fig. 7C )................................................................................................ xhyphydes Vertex predominantly with violaceous reflections and atepronotum with some violaceous reflections............ idiogenes

Figures

FIGURE 1. Lateral aspect of the thorax and midlegs.A, Prealar area of Sa. petrocchiae. B, Prealar area and proepisternum of Sa. albiprivus. C, Proepisternal setae and lower mesokatepisternal seta of Sa identicus. D, Mesokatepisternum of Sa. melanonymphe. E, F, Midtarsi (E, Sa. tridentatus; F, Sa. xhyphydes).

FIGURE 2. A, B, Upper mesepimeral setae (A, Sa. chloropterus; B, Sa. tridentatus). C, D, Midtarsi (C, Sa. chloropterus; D, Sa. conditus). E, F, Abdominal terga, lateral view (E, Sa. chloropterus; F, Sa. conditus). G, H, Lateral aspects of scutum and antepronotum (G, Sa. tridentatus; H, Sa. glaucodaemon).

FIGURE 3. A, B, Midlegs (A, Sa. purpureus; B, Sa. albiprivus). C, D, Upper mesepimerals setae (C, Sabethes spixi; D, Sa. albiprivus). E, F, Lateral aspect of thorax (E, Sa. batesi; F, Sa. lanei).

FIGURE 4. A, B, Abdomen, lateral view (A, Sa. batesi; B, Sa. cyaneus). C, D, Scutum, lateral view (C, Sa. lanei; D, Sa. spixi). E, F, Vertex, antepronotum and anterior portion of scutum, dorsal view (E, F, Sa. albiprivus). G, H, Midfemur, ventral view (G, Sa. lanei; H, Sa. spixi).

FIGURE 5. A, B, Scutum, dorsal view (A, Sa. bipartipes; B, Sa. gymnothorax). C, Mesopostnotum of Sa. gymnothorax. D, E, Foretarsus (D, Sa. tarsopus; E, Sa. belisarioi). F, G, Proboscis, ventral view (F, Sa. undosus; G, Sa. identicus; H, Sa. soperi).

FIGURE 6. A, B, Scutum, dorsal view (A, Sa. shannoni; B, Sa. identicus). C, D, Hindtarsomere 5 (C, Sa. undosus; D, Sa. identicus).

FIGURE 7. Dorsal area of antepronotum and vertex. A, Sa. intermedius; B, Sa. melanonymphe; C, Sa. xhyphydes.

FIGURE 8. Females of two different morphotypes of Sa. albiprivus. A, Morphotype from Itatiaia, state of Rio de Janeiro with violaceous scales on dorsal area of antepronotum; B, Morphotype from Tinguá, Nova Iguaçu, state of Rio de Janeiro with blue scales on dorsal area of antepronotum.