Dynomenidae

Guinot, Danièle, 2008, A re-evaluation of the Dynomenidae Ortmann, 1892 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura, Podotremata), with the recognition of four subfamilies, Zootaxa 1850, pp. 1-26 : 22

Key to the subfamilies of extant Dynomenidae

1. Carapace longer than wide or as long as wide (exceptionally slightly wider than long); dorsal surface much ornamented. Male abdomen long, entirely filling sterno-abdominal depression in length and width. Uropods relatively small..............................................................................................................................2

- Carapace wider than long, may be as wide as long; dorsal surface weakly ornamented; cervical and branchial grooves well visible. Male abdomen not completely filling entire length of sterno-abdominal depression, leaving exposed anterior portion of sternite 4. Uropods large to very large......................................3

2. Carapace elongated, oblong, covered by dense spines, obscuring cervical and branchial grooves, as well as areolation. Carapace lateral margins poorly defined, obscured. Sternites 1 and 2 fused into small, extremely narrow shield; sternite 3 distinct, albeit short, expanded laterally. Male abdomen reaching base of mxp3 and tightly locked in deep, narrow sterno-abdominal depression by ornaments on mxp3, and P1, P2 and P3. Uropods as narrow plates. .......................................................... Acanthodromiinae n. subfam.

- Carapace subquadrangular; areolation, cervical and branchial grooves clearly visible. Carapace lateral margins subparallel; 2 posterolateral teeth, one marking each posterior corner. Ventral anterior area, produced, forming a “face” with projecting front, inflated subhepatic and pterygostomial portions, and merus of mxp3. Sternites 1 and 2 fused into triangular or cordiform shield. Male abdomen extending on thoracic sternum until base of anterior shield, movements restricted in both sexes due to sets of granules on P2 and, to a lesser extent, of P3 coxae. Uropods as moderately developed dorsal plates, occupying about half length of lateral margin of abdominal somite 6............................................. Paradynomeninae n. subfam.

3. Carapace ovoid, densely covered by short tomentum giving to surface an uneven undulating appearance with transverse troughs; dorsal surface smooth. Cervical groove complete, deep, branchial groove absent medially but well developed laterally, both grooves subparallel, forming notches with lateral margins. Sternites 1 and 2 fused into pentagonal, narrow shield, which may be slightly pointed. Male abdomen filling laterally entire width of sterno-abdominal depression. A tubercle on P2 coxa, only restricting lateral movements of abdomen. Uropods showing as large dorsal plates occupying all length of lateral margin of abdominal somite 6 in both sexes................................................................. Metadynomeninae n. subfam.

- Carapace broadly rounded, with “xanthoid” facies; dorsal surface areolate or not, smooth or granulate, may be laterally spiny, more or less sparsely covered with short or long setae; anterolateral margin armed with teeth, rarely by granules only. Cervical groove present, broad, V-shaped, incomplete, not forming notch with lateral margin of carapace. Branchial groove faint, either indistinct laterally or, more rarely, joining lateral margin of carapace. Sternites 1 and 2 fused into pentagonal shield, more or less pointed at tip. Male abdomen leaving thoracic sternum laterally exposed. A small sternal tubercle (on episternite 5) facing either uropodial margin or abdominal margin, only restricting lateral movements of abdomen. Uropods showing as dorsal plates occupying variable length of abdominal somite 6, never filling whole length of somite 6, at least in males. ............................................................. Dynomeninae Ortmann, 1892