Orthurella convexula (Sacco, 1890)

Harzhauser, Mathias & Landau, Bernard M., 2021, The Columbellidae (Gastropoda, Buccinoidea) in the Miocene Paratethys Sea — striking diversity of a negelected group, Zootaxa 5025 (1), pp. 1-75 : 37-39

Orthurella convexula (Sacco, 1890)

Figs 4J, 13A 1 –A 2 , B 1 –B 2 , C 1 –C, H 1 –H 2

Fusus subulatus Brocchi — Pusch 1837: 141 [non Lamarck, 1803, Brocchi, 1814].

[ Fusus politus ] Brn.— Hauer 1837: 418 [non Blainville, 1829; non Bronn, 1831].

Fusus politus Brocc. — Hörnes 1848: 19 [non Blainville, 1829; non Bronn, 1831].

Columbella nassoides Bell. —Hörnes 1852: 122, pl. 11, fig. 9 [non Grateloup, 1827].

Columbella (Mitrella) subulata Brocc. — Hoernes & Auinger 1880: 95 [non Brocchi, 1814].

Columbella (Mitrella) subulata Brocc. — Boettger 1902: 16 [non Brocchi, 1814].

Columbella (Mitrella) attenuata Beyr. — Boettger 1902: 16 [non Beyrich, 1854].

* Orthurella elongata Bell. var. convexula Sacc. —Sacco 1904: 95, pl. 19, figs 59–60.

Columbella (Mitrella) subulata Brocc. — Boettger 1906: 15 [non Brocchi, 1814].

Columbella (Mitrella) attenuata Beyr. — Boettger 1906: 15 [non Beyrich, 1854].

Columbella subulata Brocc. — Schaffer 1908: 117, pl. 10, fig. 20 [non Brocchi, 1814].

Columella (Alia) subulata (Brocc.) — Sieber 1947: 157 [non Brocchi, 1814].

Mitrella (Alia) subulata (Brocc.) — Sieber 1949: 110 [non Brocchi, 1814].

Mitrella (Macrurella) nassoides (Grat.) var.— Sieber 1949: 110 [non Grateloup, 1827].

Pyrene (Macrurella) nassoides (Grateloup) — Erünal-Erentöz 1958: 58, pl. 9, figs 6–7 [non Grateloup, 1827].

M.[itrella]. (M [acruella].) nassoides (Grat.) — Sieber 1958a: 147 [non Grateloup, 1827].

M.[itrella]. (M [acruella].) nassoides distincta n. ssp.— Sieber 1958a: 147 [nomen nudum].

Mitrella (Macrurella) nassoides (Grateloup 1840) — Kojumdgieva & Strachimirov 1960: 185, pl. 45, fig. 10 [non Grateloup, 1827].

Columbella (Macrurella) nassoides Grateloup — Strausz 1962: 103, pl. 42, figs 6–7 [non Grateloup, 1827].

Columbella (Macrurella) nassoides Grateloup, 1847 — Strausz 1966: 294, pl. 42, figs 6–7 [non Grateloup, 1827].

Mitrella (Macrurella) nassoides (Grateloup, 1840) — Atanacković 1985; 143, pl. 32, figs 13–14 [non Grateloup, 1827].

Pyrene (Macrurella) nassoides (Grateloup, 1840) — Bałuk 1995: 237, pl. 31, fig. 4 [non Grateloup, 1827].

Pyrene (Macrurella) nassoides (Grateloup) — Schultz 1998: 66, pl. 26, fig. 10 [non Grateloup, 1827].

Columbella (Mitrella) nassoides Grateloup — Tiţã 2007: 548, fig. 5a [non Grateloup, 1827].

Mitrella (Macrurella) nassoides ( Grateloup 1827) — Caze et al. 2010: 32, fig. 5L [non Grateloup, 1827].

Orthurella convexula Sacco, 1904 — Landau et al. 2013: 193: pl. 29, figs 12–14, pl. 79, fig. 12.

Pyrene (Macrurella) nassoides (Grateloup, 1840) — Popa et al. 2014: 13, pl. 3, fig. 6 [non Grateloup, 1827].

Type material. Lectotype (designated herein): BS.022.01.065, Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali , Torino , Tortonian , Stazzano ( Italy); illustrated in Sacco 1904, pl. 19, fig. 60.

Illustrated material. NHMW1846 /0037/0271, SL: 33.5 mm, MD: 10.1 mm, Baden ( Austria), illustrated in Hörnes (1852, pl. 11, fig. 9), Figs 13B 1 –B 2 . NHMW1937 /0002/0277, SL: 30.8 mm, MD: 9.8 mm, 1 spec., Bad Vöslau ( Austria), illustrated in Schaffer (1908, pl. 10, fig. 20), Figs 13A 1 –A 2 . NHMW1858 /0043/0017, SL: 30.1 mm, MD: 10.9 mm, Lăpugiu de Sus ( Romania), Figs 13H 1 –H 2 . NHMW1856 /0024/0013, SL: 31.5 mm, MD: 11.8 mm, Lăpugiu de Sus ( Romania), Figs 13C 1 –C 2 ; NHMW 2020 /0158/0001, Lăpugiu de Sus ( Romania), Fig. 4J .

Additional material. NHMW1846 /0037/0272, 51 spec., mixed lot, Baden and Möllersdorf ( Austria) ; NHMW1858 /0029/0003, 32 spec., Sedlec (Porzteich) (the Czech Republic) ; NHMW1862 /0001/0196, 28 spec., Baden ( Austria) ; NHMW2020 /0158/0001, 29 spec., Baden-Sooss ( Austria) ; NHMW1866 /0001/0632, 10 spec., Baden-Sooss ( Austria) ; NHMW1855 /0045/0873, 18 spec., Bad Vöslau ( Austria) ; NHMW1862 /0001/0249, 21 spec., Möllersdorf ( Austria) ; NHMW2020 /0158/0001, 18 spec., Lăpugiu de Sus ( Romania) ; NHMW1870 /0033/0043, 76 spec., Lăpugiu de Sus ( Romania) ; NHMW2020 /0172/0007 (ex B. Landau coll.), 4 spec., Lăpugiu de Sus ( Romania) ; NHMW1867 /0019/0046, 38 spec., Coşteiu de Sus ( Romania) ; NHMW1861 /0045/0520, 1 spec., Boskovice (the Czech Republic)

Revised description. Shell large, moderately broad to slender fusiform, with narrowly incised suture, high spire and long siphonal canal. Protoconch high conical, multispiral, consisting of about 3.5 whorls. Teleoconch of nine whorls. Early spire whorls high, moderately convex; later spire whorls weakly convex to nearly flat-sided with periphery at abapical suture. Last whorl high, elongate, weakly convex, strongly constricted at high base. Sculpture consisting of few faint spiral threads on entire teleoconch and numerous broad spiral cords with narrow interspaces on abapical half of base and siphonal fasciole. Aperture narrow, elongate. Anal canal narrowly incised, V-shaped. Outer lip weakly thickened with ten close-set, small prominent denticles within. Siphonal canal very long, narrow, slightly deflected to the left, hardly notched at tip. Columellar callus forming narrow rim, adherent or detached from base, without columellar denticles. Parietal callus thin, adherent.

Shell measurements and ratios. SL: 30.1–33.5 mm, MD: 9.8–11.8 mm, AA: 31–35°, SL/MD: 2-9–3.3, AL/ AW: 4.1–5.3, LWH/AH: 1.1–1.2.

Discussion. Within the Paratethyan Columbellidae , this species is characterised by its large fusiform shell and long siphonal canal. Orthurella convexula displays some variability in spire height and width and slight deviations from the growth axis are common. For a detailed discussion of the relation of this species with the northeastern Atlantic Orthurella nassoides ( Grateloup, 1827) , the Proto-Mediterranean O. pronassoides (Sacco, 1890) and O. attenuata ( Beyrich, 1854) from the North Sea see Landau et al. (2013).

This species was introduced by Sacco (1890a) as a mere name in a list, with the comment “A Bell”. This usually indicates a figure in Bellardi (1848). Bellardi (1848), however, illustrated a “var. A” of Columbella nassoides ( Bellardi 1848: 17, pl. 1, fig. 14) but did not discuss a “var. A” for C. elongata . Later, Sacco (1904) referred to this “var. A” of Bellardi (1848) again when introducing Macurella pronassoides longispirata Sacco, 1904. Thus, it remains unclear to which specimen Sacco (1890a) referred and in our opinion the name Orthurella convexula was made available by Sacco (1904).

Palaeoenvironment. The specimens from the Vienna Basin are found in clay of the Baden Formation, which formed in middle to outer neritic settings with up to 250 m water depth ( Hohenegger et al. 2008).

Distribution in Central Paratethys. Badenian (middle Miocene): Vienna Basin: Baden, Baden-Sooss, Bad Vöslau, Möllersdorf, Steinebrunn ( Austria), Sedlec (Porzteich) (the Czech Republic) (own data); North Alpine- Carpathian Foreland Basin:Immendorf,Windpassing ( Austria)( Sieber 1947, 1949);Boskovice (the Czech Republic) ( Hoernes & Auinger 1880; own data); Carpathian Foredeep: Korytnica ( Poland) ( Bałuk 1995); Eisenstadt-Sopron Basin: Sopron ( Hungary) ( Strausz 1966); Pannonian Basin: Szob ( Hungary) ( Strausz 1966); southern Pannonian Basin: Stanišljeviši, Čaklovica ( Bosnia and Hercegovina) ( Atanacković 1985); Mecsek Mountains: Mecsekpölöske, Bodolya ( Hungary) ( Strausz 1966); Făget Basin: Coşteiu de Sus, Lăpugiu de Sus ( Romania); Dacian Basin: Urobene, Dobrusha, Opanec ( Bulgaria) (Kojumdgieva in Kojumdgieva & Strachimirov 1960).

Proto-Mediterranean Sea. Serravallian (middle Miocene): Karaman Basin: Akpýnar-Pýnarlar, Akboðaz, Lale, Seyithasan, Yaylasý ( Turkey) ( Landau et al. 2013). Tortonian (late Miocene): Po Basin: Stazzano ( Italy) ( Sacco 1890b).

Figures

FIGURE 1. A. Map of central and south–eastern Europe, representing the area that was partly covered by the Central Paratethys Sea. The white insert corresponds to the area that is restored in the palaeogeographic map below. B. Paleogeography of the Middle Miocene Paratethys Sea showing the most important sedimentary basins (NAFB: North Alpine Foreland Basin, E–Sopr B: Eisenstadt–Sopron Basin).

FIGURE 2. Measurements for shell morphology and whorl profiles. SL: shell length, MD: maximum diameter, AA: apical angle, LWH: last whorl height, AH: aperture height. AL: aperture length. AW: aperture width.

FIGURE13A1–A2.OrthurellaconvexulaSacco,1904,NHMW1937/0002/0277,BadVöslau(Austria).B1–B2.Orthurellaconvexula Sacco, 1904, NHMW1846/0037/0271, Baden (Austria). C1–C2. Orthurella convexula Sacco, 1904, NHMW1856/0024/0013, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania). D1–D2. Orthurella moravica (Hoernes & Auinger, 1880), NHMW1861/0011/0519a, paralectotype, Jaroměřice nad Rokytnou (the Czech Republic). E1–E2. Orthurella moravica (Hoernes & Auinger, 1880), NHMW1861/0011/ 0519b, lectotype, Jaroměřice nad Rokytnou (the Czech Republic). F1–F2. Orthurella moravica (Hoernes & Auinger, 1880), NHMW2020/0159/0001, paralectotype, Jaroměřice nad Rokytnou (the Czech Republic), G1–G2. Clinurella sophiae Boettger, 1902, SMF 360681, lectotype, Coşteiu de Sus (Romania). H1–H2. Orthurella convexula Sacco, 1904, NHMW1858/0043/0017, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania). I. Orthurella moravica (Hoernes & Auinger, 1880), NHMW2020/0159/0002, paralectotype, Jaroměřice nad Rokytnou (the Czech Republic).