Stephanopis cambridgei Thorell, 1870

Machado, Miguel, Teixeira, Renato Augusto & Milledge, Graham A., 2019, On the Australian Bark Crab Spider Genus Stephanopis: Taxonomic Review and Description of Seven New Species (Araneae: Thomisidae: Stephanopinae), Records of the Australian Museum 71 (6), pp. 217-276 : 240-243

Stephanopis cambridgei Thorell, 1870

Figs 16–18

Stephanopis cambridgei Thorell, 1870: 378 .—L. Koch, 1874: 510, pl. 38, fig. 7.—L. Koch, 1876: 744, pl. 65, fig. 3.— Hickman, 1967: 105, figs 175–176.— Benjamin, 2011: 19, figs 5D,G, 66A–G, 67A–F.

Stephanopis macleayi Bradley, 1871: 238 . (holotype, female, Goulburn , New South Wales, Australia, OUMNH 297 , examined). New synonym.

Stephanopis obtusifrons Rainbow, 1902: 491 , pl. 18, fig. 3 (holotype female, Jervis Bay , New South Wales, Australia, deposited in AMS KS.49746, examined). New synonym.

Type material examined. Holotype ♀, SMNH 1163 , Australia, (photos examined).

Other material examined. Queensland: AMS KS.108661, 1♀, Yungaburra , 17°16'S 145°35'E , R. Mascord , 20 September 1976 ; AMS KS.7363, 1♀, Mount Dryander ( North of Proserpine ) ,

20°15'S 148°32'E, M. Gray & C. Horseman , April 1975 ; AMS KS.53387, 2♀♀, Eungella area (road to Eungella Dam) , 21°12'S 148°29'E, G. Milledge, 21 April 1998; AMS KS.53388, 1♀, Eungella area (1.4 km west of Freegards Road) , 21°12'56"S 148°29'07"E, G. Milledge, 21 April, 1998; AMS KS.66407, 1♀, 6,2 km west of Yeppoon beachfront , 23°09'36"S 150°42'30"E, G. Milledge & H. Smith , 27 May 2000 ; AMS KS.66506, 1♀, Blackdown Tableland NP , 23°47'49"S 149°04'14"E, G. Milledge & H. Smith , 8 May 2000 ; QM S33395 , 1♀, Gympie (Cooloola Cove) , 26°12'S 153°3'E, K. Sadler, 7 April 1987; QM S110045 , 1♀, Dalby (Lake Broadwater Cottage) , 27°21'S 151°6'E, J. Gallon, 9 December 1987; QM S110044 , 1♀, Brisbane (Albion) , 27°25'55"S 153°2'46"E, 2 July 1896; AMS KS.108686, 1♀, Gatton , 27°34'S 152°17'E, August 1903; AMS KS.128377, 1♂, Beechmont (Binna Burra Road) , 28°09'42.4"S 153°11'47.9"E, A. Grabolle , March 2017 ; QM S110046 , 1♀, Stanthorpe , 28°39'35.90"S 151°56'15.22"E, W. McKenzie , 15 August 1987 . New South Wales : AMS KS.30868, 1♀, Washpool NP , 29°16'S 152°22'E, M. R. Gray , 9 February 1992 ; AMS KS.101147, 2♀♀, Sturt NP , 29°29'06"S 142°14'24"E, C. Car , 5 July 2002 ; AMS KS.119874, 1♀, Yarrawonga Weir , 30°00'25"S 145°59'45"E, M. Aobison , 29 November 2007 ; AMS KS.105712, 1♀, Bourke , 30°04'S 145°57'E, 5 June 1890; AMS KS.105690, 2♂♂, Mount Kaputar NP , 30°11'S 150°09'E, 18–19 September 1968, M. Gray; AMS KS.106401, 1♀, Kamilaroy Highway (south of Narrabri at Gun Club Road Junction) , 30°21'58.3"S 149°46'10"E, G. Milledge & H. Smith , 24 November 2008 ; AMS KS.108698, 1♀, Kempsey , 30°44'S 152°25'E, C. Chadwick, 17 March 1972; AMS KS.124390, 1♀, Oxley Wild Rivers NP , 30°49'18"S 152°02'10"E, H. Smith , 7 November 2015 ; AMS KS.128966, 1♂, Warrumbungle NP , 31°16'36"S 148°58'56"E, G. Milledge & H. Smith , 27 September 2018 ; AMS KS.23383, 1♂, 1♀, Marthaguy (12 km west of Gilgandra) , 31°40'S 148°32'E, C. Horseman & J. Thompson , 27 August 1990 ; AMS KS.101559, 2♂♂, Watchimbark Nature Reserve , 31°42'27"S 151°37'52"E, H. Smith , 31 May 2007 ; AMS KS.23395, 1♀, Collie , 31°52'S 148°20'E; AMS KS.98557, 1♀, Barrington Tops NP, G. Milledge & H. Smith, 5 December 2006 ; AMS KS.108680, 1♀, Barrington Tops NP , 31°58'S 151°28'E, A. Musgrave, 15 January 1947; AMS KS.115156, 1♂, Round Hill (near to Euabalong) , 32°58'S 146°09'E, M. Gray, 20 March 1970; AMS KS.118229, 1♂, Watagans NP , 32°58'12.1"S 151°23'26.1"E, G. Milledge & H. Smith , 21 March 2012 ; AMS KS.118310, 1♀, Watagans NP , 33°02'42"S 151°21'55.9"E, G. Milledge & H. Smith , 22 March 2012 ; AMS KS.108692, 1♀, Vittoria (Bathrust) , 33°27'S 149°20'E, C. Chadwick, 1 October 1967; KS AMS 122246 , 1♀, Mount Irvine , 33°29'S 150°28'E, October 1941; AMS KS.73346, 1♂, Maroota State Forest , 33°31'S 150°59'E, G.A. Webb , 2 November 1979 ; AMS KS.108694, 3♀♀, Hartley (Blue Mountains) , 33°33'S 150°11'E, C. Chadwick, 28 April 1968; AMS KS.108693, 1♀, Mount York (Blue Mountains) , 33°33'S 150°13'E, C. Chadwick, 4 September 1966; AMS KS.122539, 1♂, Berowra Valley NP , 33°38'04"S 151°06'13"E, G. Milledge & H. Smith , 24 February 2014 ; AMS KS.121314, 3♀♀, Medlow Bath (Mel Ward) , 33°41'S 150°17'E; AMS KS.121460, 1♀, same data; AMS KS.121799, 1♀, same data; AMS KS.108695, 1♀, Leura (Blue Mountains) , 33°42'33"S 150°20'07"E; AMS KS.86839, 1♂, Beecroft , 33°45'S 151°04'E, J. Noble, 20 March 2003; AMS KS.64188, 1♀, same data except 29 January 1995 ; AMS KS.117608, 3♀♀, Penrith , 33°45'S 150°41'E, Dr Ramsay, 11 December 1869; AMS KS.108689, 1♀, Jenolan Caves , 33°49'S 150°02'E; AMS KS.108699, 1♀, same data except J. Child , 12 September 1965 ; AMS KS.108702, 1♀, Mulgoa (Penrith) , 33°50'S 150°38'E, R. Mascord , 7 August 1966 ; AMS KS.108700, 1♂, Royal NP , 34°08'S 151°02'E, A. Speechley, 9 January 1966; AMS KS.108697, 1♀, Helensburgh , 34°11'S 151°E, R. Mulder , 15 September 1966 ; AMS KS.108701, 1♀, Figtree (Wollongong) , 34°26'S 150°51'E, C. Chadwick, 12 June 1965; AMS KS.49694, 1♂, Barren Grounds , 34°42'S 150°43'E, 3 September 1996; AMS KS.111105, 1♂, Bowning , 34°46'16"S 148°49'29"E, J. R. Gollan & M.A. Ashcroft, 14–16 October 2008 ; AMS KS.108690, 2♀♀, Brindabella NP , 35°23'S 148°46'E, J. Child, 1965; AMS KS.125161, 1♀, Murray Valley NP , 35°47'24"S 145°1'5.88"E, I. Oliver et al., 10–14 February 2015; AMS KS.84459, 1♂, 14.5 km northwest of Corowa , 35°54'33"S 146°16'11"E, D. Freudenberger , November 2000 . South Australia : AMS KS.10530, 1♀, 5 km south of Mylor , 35°03'S 138°46'E, A.D. Austin , 8 June 1980 . Victoria: AMS KS.19790, 1♀, Blackwood (Loam Creek) , 37°29'S 144°19'E; AMS KS.108687, 1♀, Gisborne , 37°30'S 144°35'E; WAM T146683 , 3♀♀, Airey’s Inlet , 38°28'S 144°06'E, M.S. Harvey & M.E. Blosfelds , 13–14 April 1992 ; QM S104676 , 1♀, Wilsons Promontory (Lilly Pilly upper track) , 39°1'19.24"S 146°19'16.45"E, B. Humphries , 15 July 1976 . Tasmania: AMS KS.31401, 2♀♀, Cascades , 41°10'S 147°49'E, V. V. Hickman , 26 May 1923 ; AMS KS.31403, 1♂, 1♀, same data except 28 May 1929 ; AMS KS.31404, 1♂, same data except 25 August 1947 ; AMS KS.31451, 1♀, same data except 26 June 1963 ; AMS KS.31452, 1♀, same data except 14 June 1948 ; AMS KS.31402, 1♂, 1♀, Forth Falls , 41°23'S 146°13'E, V. V. Hickman , January 1928 ; AMS KS.31489, 1♀, Punch Bowl , 41°27'S 147°10'E, C. Oke, 17 May 1948; AMS KS.52160, 1♀, Maggs Mountain , 41°45'S 146°12'E, R.H. Green , 19 September 1979 ; MACN 11163 , 1♀, Derwent Bridge , 42°8'15.60"S 146°13'48.93"E, M. Ramírez, C. Griswold, D. Silva, G. Hormiga, L. Lopardo, N. Scharff & T. Szuts , 11 March 2006 ; AMS KS.111841, 1♀, Old Man’s Head (near Interlaken) , 42°12'S 147°13'E, R.B. Mawbey , 29 May 1974 ; AMS KS.31485, 1♀, Tarraleah , 42°18'S 146°26'E, V. V. Hickman , 29 December 1960 ; AMS KS.31486, 1♂, same data except 26 December 1956 ; AMS KS.118867, 1♀, Elderslie , 42°34'23.63"S 147°3'7.67"E, G.A. Davis, 2–29 November 2010; AMS KS.31432, 1♂, 1♀, Queens Domain , 42°52'S 147°19'E, J.L. Hickman , 19 January 1962 ; AMS KS.31453, 1♂, same data except V. V. Hickman , 13 February 1967 ; AMS KS.31395, 1♂, same data except 14 February 1969 .

Diagnosis. Females of S. cambridgei are similar to those of S. rufiventris , in having an elongated body ( Fig. 18 A–C), predominant orange coloration and obovate opisthosoma. However, they can be distinguished by the prosoma being longer than wide, with two pairs of longitudinal lines (a median pair that runs from the carapace slope until the posterior eye row and a lateral one placed close to the border of the prosoma and limited to the thoracic portion), epigynal plate flattened with depressed atrium, CO hidden by the lateral folds (like a pair of lateral pockets) ( Fig. 16C ), and long, coiled and membranous copulatory ducts ( Fig. 16D ). Males are easily recognized by their set of modified (long, thin and filiform) barbs on tibiae and metatarsi I ( Fig. 17A ) and by the remarkably rounded and big palpi with a single curved RTA ( Fig. 17C and D ).

Description. Female (AMS KS.10530): Cephalic area slightly elevated with a pair of whitish setae on the MOQ ( Fig. 16B ); anterior eyes arranged in a strongly recurved row and posterior ones in a straight row; PLE preceded by a pair of clavate setae. Clypeal area and chelicerae striped; prosoma and legs orange with reddish-brown stripes and sparse spots; tibiae I bear five pairs of ventral macrosetae ( Fig. 16A ). Opisthosoma obovate, with anterior border slightly concave, yellowish with median light-brown bands weakly delimited by darker ones on both sides ( Fig. 16A ). Spermathecae elongated, with glandular-heads directed laterally ( Fig. 16D ).

Measurements: eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.08, ALE 0.18, PME 0.10, PLE 0.12, AME–AME 0.18, AME–ALE 0.18, PME–PME 0.20, PME–PLE 0.22, MOQ length 0.41, width 0.50; leg formula: 1-2-4-3: leg I—femur 3.34/ patella 1.72/ tibia 3.21/ metatarsus 2.31/ tarsus 0.94/ total 11.52; II—3.00/ 1.37/ 2.69/ 2.18/ 0.92/ 10.16; III—2.11/ 1.02/ 1.68/ 1.37/ 0.75/ 6.93; IV—2.77/ 1.10/ 2.27/ 1.90/ 0.87/ 8.91. Total body length 9.61; prosoma length 3.37, width 3.25; opisthosoma length 6.24; clypeus height 0.32; sternum length 1.69, width 1.73; gnathocoxae length 0.75, width 0.42; labium length 0.50, width 0.53.

Male (AMS KS.128377): Eye pattern and cephalic area as in female; prosoma light-orange with darker stripes on its median portion and sides ( Fig. 17A and B ); opisthosoma and legs predominantly yellow and covered by claviate setae, except by the tibiae, metatarsi and tarsi of the leg I, which are dark-orange and bear long filiform barbs ( Fig. 17A ). Palpi with rounded tegulum, long and flattened embolus resting on a retro lateral membranous region of the tegular ridge; Pcym discrete and hyaline ( Fig. 17C ). Other somatic features as in female.

Measurements: eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.09, ALE 0.20, PME 0.15, PLE 0.15, AME–AME 0.09, AME–ALE 0.08, PME–PME 0.12, PME–PLE 0.12, MOQ length 0.44, width 0.34; leg formula: 1-2-4-3: leg I—femur 3.94/ patella 1.61/ tibia 4.41/ metatarsus 3.67/ tarsus 1.21/ total 14.84; II—3.67/ 1.39/ 3.82/ 3.11/ 0.86/ 12.85; III—2.31/ 0.95/ 2.04/ 1.64/ 0.82/ 7.76; IV—3.00/ 1.08/ 2.78/ 2.36/ 0.89/ 10.11. Total body length 7.79; prosoma length 3.45, width 2.74; opisthosoma length 4.34; clypeus height 0.26; sternum length 1.56, width 1.54; gnathocoxae length 0.76, width 0.39; labium length 0.48, width 0.54.

Distribution. Queensland, New South Wales, SouthAustralia, Victoria and Tasmania, Australia ( Fig. 24 ).

Figures

Figure 16. Stephanopis cambridgei Thorell, 1870, female (AMS KS.10530). (A) dorsal habitus; (B) front; (C) epigynal plate, ventral view; (D) epigynal plate/spermathecae.

Figure 17. Stephanopis cambridgei Thorell, 1870, male (AMS KS.128377). (A) dorsal habitus; (B) front; (C) ventral view of the left palp; (D) left palp, retro lateral view.

Figure 18. Stephanopis cambridgei (A and B) females and a (C) male. Photos by Allan Lance.

Figure 24. Distribution records of Stephanopis bicornis, S. cambridgei, S. carcinoides sp. nov., S. corticalis and S. erinacea.