Ixodes fuliginosus Hornok & Takano, 2023
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publication ID |
https://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1180.108418 |
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publication LSID |
lsid:zoobank.org:pub:6112D084-4D9C-4A55-9AC2-C4F2B2245D49 |
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persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/70478C08-894B-44EF-B307-40982FA22EFD |
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taxon LSID |
lsid:zoobank.org:act:70478C08-894B-44EF-B307-40982FA22EFD |
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treatment provided by |
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scientific name |
Ixodes fuliginosus Hornok & Takano |
| status |
sp. nov. |
Ixodes fuliginosus Hornok & Takano sp. nov.
Figs 4 View Figure 4 , 5 View Figure 5
Diagnosis.
Medium size (female 3.3 mm long) brown tick. Legs and palps short. Scutum oval, shield-shaped. Hair covering dense dorsally but sparse ventrally. Coxae without spurs. Coxa IV with 16-18 hairs posteriorly. Spiracular plates ovoid, somewhat triangular.
Material examined.
Holotype: female, from Myotis macrodactylus Temminck, Japan, Kanagawa, Sagamihara city, 35.623170°N, 139.165542°E (DD), 30 September 2022, F. Sato coll. GoogleMaps Paratypes: three females. (1): from Miniopterus fuliginosus Hodgson, Japan, Kumamoto, Kuma-gun , 32.252183°N, 130.651239°E (DD), 12 April 1979, K. Funakoshi coll. (2) GoogleMaps : female, from Myotis macrodactylus , Japan, Oita, Hita-gun , 33.228090°N, 130.981712°E (DD), 17 July 1997, K. Funakoshi coll. (3) GoogleMaps : female, from Myotis macrodactylus , Japan, Gunma, Tone-gun , 36.685602 °N, 138.925637°E (DD), 17 June 2014, M. Takahashi coll. GoogleMaps
Morphology of female (holotype, engorged).
Length of the idiosoma (from the half point between scapular apices to the middle of posterior margin) 3.2, width 2.1, ratio of idiosomal length/width 1.5.
Scutum oval, shield-shaped, anteriolaterally concave (Fig. 4C View Figure 4 - 1 View Figure 1 ; Suppl. material 4: fig. 3A), broadest slightly anteriorly to its mid-length. Mid-length of scutum 0.95, maximum width 0.79, ratio of length/width 1.2. Maximum width of scutum to interscapular distance ratio 1.86. Cervical grooves straight, broad, directed to mid-posterolateral edge (Fig. 4C View Figure 4 - 2 View Figure 2 ). On the scutum scarce punctuations, except in cervical fields. Posterior edge rounded. Scutal setae medially, anteriolaterally 0.04-0.05.
Alloscutum has dense hair covering dorsally. Length of centrodorsal setae 0.13, marginodorsal setae 0.1 (near peritreme). Idiosoma has sparse hair covering ventrally. Genital aperture straight, between 2nd coxae (Suppl. material 4: fig. 3B-1). Genital grooves narrowest (as a “waist”) between 3rd and 4th intercoxal spaces (Suppl. material 4: fig. 3B-2), slightly diverging (almost parallel) to mid-length between genital opening and anus, then sharply diverging. Spiracular plates ovoid, diameter 0.24, aeropyles in rows (minimum to maximum) of 3-8; position of spiracle opening submarginal, rounded, diameter 0.03 (Suppl. material 4: fig. 3C). The shape of spiracular plates may have individual variation (Suppl. material 4: fig. 3D). Anal groove curved at front, slightly diverging behind the anus (Suppl. material 4: fig. 3B-3).
Length of gnathosoma (from palpal apices to posterior margin of basis capituli) 0.47, width of basis capituli dorsally 0.35. Ratio of gnathosomal length to basis capituli width 1.34. Basis capituli pentagonal, its sides parallel, posterior margin nearly straight (Fig. 4A View Figure 4 - 1 View Figure 1 ), without cornuae and posteriolateral corner blunt. Basis length 0.16, width 0.37, length to width ratio 0.43. Front of basis nearly horizontal when joining the hypostome, enclosing an angle of ~ 120° (Fig. 4A View Figure 4 - 2 View Figure 2 ). Shape of areae porosae triangular, their surface in level with surrounding smooth surface of basis (Fig. 4A View Figure 4 - 3 View Figure 3 ). Laterally to areae porosae broad, smooth margin, similar in width (0.05) to interval between them (Fig. 4A-4 View Figure 4 ). Ventrally basis capituli broad both anteriorly and posteriorly, with a narrowing ( “waist”) between (Fig. 4B View Figure 4 - 1 View Figure 1 ), thus forming a figure-of-eight shape, posteriolaterally with hair covering (length 0.01) (Fig. 4B View Figure 4 - 2 View Figure 2 ). Auriculae absent, auricular ridges short and inapparent. Posthypostomal setae medially, laterally 1-1 pair (length 0.02) (Fig. 4B View Figure 4 - 3 View Figure 3 ).
Palps (dorsal view) short, club-shaped, anteriorly rounded, edge curved medially, straight laterally, length 0.33, maximum width 0.13, ratio of length/width 2.5. Joining of palpal segments II and III clearly visible as dark line (Fig. 4A View Figure 4 - 5 View Figure 5 ). Palpal hairs few, numbering five or six laterally, dorsally, and medially; anteriorly short (0.015), longest medially on segment II (0.035). Palpal segment II triangular, 0.14 long. Palpal segment III same length (0.14).
Hypostome apex blunt, length 0.2, width 0.1, ratio of length/width 2. Dental formula 2/2 distally, 3/3 proximally (2-2 rows).
Legs short. All coxae medially rounded, without spines or spurs. Coxae I trapezoid, with three hairs (length 0.06-0.13). Coxa II with three hairs, coxa III with eight hairs, coxa IV with a tuft of 16-18 posterior hairs (0.035-0.125) (Fig. 4D View Figure 4 ). Tarsus I. length 0.73, maximum diameter 0.16, length to diameter ratio 4.5. Tarsal hairs short (0.03-0.05), except one long dorsal pair (0.17).
Differential diagnosis.
Ixodes fuliginosus Hornok & Takano, sp. nov. can be easily distinguished from members of the I. vespertilionis and I. ariadnae complexes based on its short legs (length/maximum diameter ratio below 5, vs above 8 in long-legged bat ticks). Differences in comparison with females of the most similar species, Ixodes simplex include the following characters of the latter. More elongated, rhombus-shaped scutum (Suppl. material 5: fig. 4A), with length/width ratio 1.3 or above (vs ~ 1.2 in I. fuliginosus Hornok & Takano, sp. nov.) (Fig. 5C View Figure 5 ). Maximum width of scutum/interscapular distance ratio 2.16 (vs 1.86 in I. fuliginosus Hornok & Takano, sp. nov.). Position of genital aperture more posterior, between 3rd and 4th intercoxal spaces (Suppl. material 5: fig. 4B-1), and genital groove narrowest between 4th coxae (Suppl. material 5: fig. 4B-2). Long hair (0.1) anterior to and encircling the genital pore of I. simplex (Suppl. material 5: fig. 4B), absent on holotype and paratypes of I. fuliginosus Hornok & Takano, sp. nov. Basis capituli sides forwardly diverging then converging, posterior edge concave (Fig. 5A View Figure 5 - 1 View Figure 1 ), without cornuae but posteriolateral corner sharp. Basis length 0.22, width 0.33, length to width ratio 0.67 (i.e., basis more elongated in I. simplex than in I. fuliginosus Hornok & Takano, sp. nov.). Front of basis steeply sloping when joining the hypostome, enclosing an angle larger (~ 135°) in I. simplex than in I. fuliginosus Hornok & Takano, sp. nov. (Fig. 5A View Figure 5 - 2 View Figure 2 ). In I. simplex lateral margins of areae porosae elevated as ridge (Fig. 5A View Figure 5 - 3 View Figure 3 ), much narrower than interval between areae, whereas in I. fuliginosus Hornok & Takano, sp. nov. lateral margins are smooth and broad. The separation of palpal segments II and III indistinct in I. simplex (Fig. 5A View Figure 5 - 4 View Figure 4 ), unlike in I. fuliginosus Hornok & Takano, sp. nov. Ventrally the basis is rhombus-shaped, posteriorly converging in I. simplex (Fig. 5B View Figure 5 - 1 View Figure 1 ) unlike in I. fuliginosus Hornok & Takano, sp. nov. The number of posterior setae (hairs) is fewer, 8-12 on coxae IV in I. simplex (Fig. 5D View Figure 5 - 1 View Figure 1 ). The spiracular plates and the slightly diverging anal grooves are similar in these two species (Suppl. material 5: fig. 4C, D).
Gene sequences.
Complete mitochondrial genome sequence was deposited in the GenBank (LC769933). All accession numbers relevant to the new species are listed in Suppl. material 1.
Host records.
Known host species: Miniopterus fuliginosus , Myotis macrodactylus .
Etymology.
The name of the new species refers to its bat host species of the genus Miniopterus which occurs in Japan (the type species of the I. simplex complex to which I. fuliginosus Hornok & Takano, sp. nov. belongs is a specific parasite of this genus of bats).
No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.