Stryphnodendron rotundifolium Mart. var. rotundifolium

Scalon, Viviane Renata, Paula-Souza, Juliana De, Lima, Alexandre Gibau De & Souza, Vinicius Castro, 2022, A synopsis of the genus Stryphnodendron (Fabaceae, Caesalpinioideae, mimosoid clade), Phytotaxa 544 (3), pp. 227-279 : 268-269

33.1. Stryphnodendron rotundifolium Mart. var. rotundifolium .

= Stryphnodendron discolor Bentham (1841: 342) .—Type: BRAZIL. Piauí, “ Serra de Araripe , near Caldas, Prov. Piauhy”, 1838-1841, Gardner 1945 (lectotype BM 000884631 !, designated here, isolectotypes E!, F!, G!, K!, P!, NY!, OXF!, W!).

= Stryphnodendron obovatum Bentham (1875: 374) .— Type : BRAZIL. “Habitat inter Natividade et Porto Imperial, provinciae Goyaz”, May 1865, Burchell 8343 (lectotype K 000504730!, designated here, isolectotypes F!, P!). Syn. nov.

= Stryphnodendron rotundifolium fo. retusa Chodat & Hassler (1904: 559).— Type : PARAGUAY. “In campis cerrados in regione cursus superioris fluminis Apa”, November 1901 -1902, Hassler 7829 (lectotype G 00400140! designated here, isolectotypes A, F!, G 00400103!, G 00400106!, G 00400108!, K!, MPU, NY!, P!, W!) .

Fig. 1E .

Vernacular name: — Barbatimão, Fava-de-galheiro ( Brazil, Maranhão).

Nomenclatural notes: — Bentham (1875) refers to two syntypes for S. obovatum indicating only the collection sites, which corresponds to Burchell 8343 and Pohl s.n. (Goiás) and Weddel s.n. (Mato Grosso) in his following work ( Bentham 1876). Burchell 8343 deposited in K is here selected as lectotype.

Although the protologues of S. discolor and S. rotundifolium fo. retusa cited only one collection as their types, our searches revealed several duplicates of each of them, requiring the lectotypifications performed here.

Distribution and habitat: —Among the Central Brazilian species of Stryphnodendron , S. rotundifolium shows the widest geographical distribution, mostly occurring in drier areas with high luminosity and generally on sandy soils. It grows predominantly in areas of cerrado, campo cerrado, campo limpo and cerradão in Central-Western and Southeastern Brazil (Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, Goiás, Tocantins, São Paulo, Minas Gerais and Paraná states), and adjacent areas of Paraguay and Bolivia. It is also observed in the transition region between the Cerrado and Caatinga domains, from the northernmost part of Minas Gerais towards Northeastern Brazil (Maranhão, Piauí, Ceará and Bahia states), where the populations are in most cases associated with high altitude areas, such as Serras and Chapadas. Specimens were also collected in campinaranas of Northern Brazil (Amazonas and Pará states). The only register of the species in Southern Brazil refers to a cultivated tree grown from seeds collected in “north of Brazil ”, this meaning, according to local Southern concept, any state north of Paraná state. Likewise, all herbarium records of this species from the east coast of Africa are also explicitly indicated as being cultivated. The occurrence of S. rotundifolium in Rio de Janeiro (Glaziou 10611 at K) is unlikely, most probably being a mislabeling of samples collected in São Gonçalo do Rio Preto, Minas Gerais, as indicated in its duplicate at P.

Conservation: —Least Concern (LC) [AOO= 600.000 km 2, EOO= 4,953,431.253 km 2].

Phenology: —This taxon was collected with flowers and fruits throughout the year, except in June and August (flowers) and February (fruits).

Selected specimens examined: — BRAZIL. Bahia: Lençóis, BR-242, entroncamento Lençóis-Seabra km 6, 12°28´S, 41°24´W, 600 m, 6 October 1995, fr., G.P. Silva & M. Way 3078 ( CEN, ESA, HUEFS, TEPB, UEC) . São Paulo: Itirapina, Estação Experimental , 16 December 1989, fl., L. Capellari Jr. & B. Appezzato s.n. ( ESA 5207 , HUEM 6162) .

Figures

FIGURE 1. Tree species of Stryphnodendron. A. Stryphnodendron pulcherrimum (Willd.) Hochr.; B. Stryphnodendron racemiferum (Ducke) W.A.Rodrigues; C. Stryphnodendron coriaceum Benth.; D. Stryphnodendron adstringens (Mart.) Coville; E. Stryphnodendron rotundifolium var. rotundifolium Mart.; F. Stryphnodendron rotundifolium var. villosum (Benth.) Scalon; G. Stryphnodendron roseiflorum (Ducke) Ducke.