Eriope harleyi Schliewe, H.D.Ferreira, D.Graciano-Ribeiro & M.H.Rezende, 2017

Schliewe, Marcos Augusto, Ferreira, Heleno Dias, Rezende, Maria Helena & Graciano-Ribeiro, Dalva, 2017, Two new species of Eriope (Lamiaceae) from Goiás state, Brazil, Phytotaxa 291 (4), pp. 264-274 : 265-269

Eriope harleyi Schliewe, H.D.Ferreira, D.Graciano-Ribeiro & M.H.Rezende , sp. nov. ( Figs. 1–2 ; Tables 1–3).

Herb with rugose leaves on adaxial face, serrate-dentate margins, fimbriated marginal vein, leaf dimensions 1.8–2.5 × 1.2–1.8 cm; petiole of 0.15–0.35 cm long and violet flowers with pseudopedicel 2-bracteoles at the base.

Type: — BRAZIL. Goiás: Cristalina, at the edge of BR-050 highway, 1153 m, 16º49′23.2″S, 47º40′24.3″W, 19 August 2006 (fl, fr), M. A. Schliewe & H. D. Ferreira 06 (holotype UFG!, isotype UB!).

Herb 20–30 cm alt.; cespitose stems with branches arising from xylopodium wood, 10–15 × 4–8 cm. Glandular trichomes at the base of the branches interspersed with setoses uniseriate tector trichomes with 1–7 cells. Leaves 1.8–2.5 × 1.2–1.8 cm, ovate or orbicular, glabrescent, acute or obtuse apex, rounded base, irregular serrated-toothed margin; venation semicraspedodromous; 5–6 pairs of curved secondary veins gradually sparsed from base to apex; recurrent tertiary and quaternary veins forming polygonal areoles; simple venules highlighting the presence of marginal veins fimbriated; petiole 1.5–3.5 mm in length. Monothyrses or diplothyrses terminals of 10–20 cm in length with glandular and tector trichomes uniseriate and hirsute. Flowers with pseudopedicel, 3–5 mm, containing in their base pairs elliptic bracteoles 2–4 mm, deciduous during anthesis; purplish green calyx 1.5–2.5 × 2–3 mm, campanulate, vinaceous, hirsute; violet corolla, 4–6 × 3–6 mm, stamens with yellow anthers and lanuginose filets with lengths of ca. 2 mm.; ovary ca. 1 mm long, globose, stylopodium apparent, blue and gynobasic style, stigma punctiform; conical calyx fruiting, with zigomorphic rounded teeth, everted forming an external brim, 3–6 mm in length, 2–3 mm wide at the base, and 4–6 mm wide at the apex (calyx-throat) where there are white trichomes; pseudopedicel 3–5 mm in length. Nucules 2.5–3.0 × 1.5–2 mm, dark brown, rounded, glabrous and roughened.

Distribution and Habitat: — Eriope harleyi is a species endemic to the Goiás State, and is found along the sides of the BR _ 050 highway in the municipalities of Cristalina, including the Topázio Ridge in Cristalina and Campo Alegre de Goiás ( Fig. 3 ). It grows in the Cerrado on clay soil, also found in disturbed environments at elevations of more than 900 m.

Phenology: — Flowering observed from July to October and calyxs fruiting until January.

Etymology: — The specific epithet honours Dr. Raymond Mervyn Harley, Honorary Research Associate of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, UK; a devoted and tireless researcher of Lamiaceae especially Eriope and other genera of the subtribe Hyptidinae .

Conservation status: — Despite restricted distribution of the species, it was chosen to fit the criterion of having Data Deficient (DD) by IUCN (2016), because the type of vegetation where it occurs is common in the state of Goiás and thus requires new field expeditions and exploration to collect new information and records.

Relationships: — Eriope harleyi morphologically resembles the E. crassipes and E. cristalinae with respect to herbaceous shape, glabrescent leaves with pseudo-craspedodromous venation, teeth serrate-dentate, presence of diacytic and anisocytic stomata on both sides of leaf epidermis. However, they differ in various characteristics related to the external morphology and leaf anatomy, as listed in Table 1. Eriope cristalinae , that occurs in Cristalina, is markedly distinct of E. harleyi and E. crassipes by posses the flowering stems inflated and glaucous.

Additional specimens examined (paratypes): — BRAZIL: Goiás: Campo Alegre de Goiás, margin of BR _ 050 highway, 20 km of Cristalina , 08 September 1998, 17º24′31″S, 47º47′01″W, V. C. Souza et al. 21332 (ESA, HUEFS, RB) ; Cristalina, Serra do Topázio , 23 July 1973, J. A. Rizzo 9140 ( UFG) ; Cristalina , margin of BR-050 highway, 18 October 2007, H. D. Ferreira 4614 ( UFG) ; margin of BR-050 highway, 29 November 2007, J. F. B. Pastore & R. M. Harley 2278 ( HUEFS) ; margin of BR-050 highway, 28 September 2013, 16º49′23.2″S, 47º 40′24.3″W, M. A. Schliewe & A. B. Reis 26 ( UB) ; margin of BR-050 highway, 02 January 2015, 16º49′23.2″S, 47º40′24.3″W, M. A. Schliewe & A. B. Reis 59 ( UB) .

Figures

FIGURE 1. a–i. Eriope harleyi. a–b. leaf morphology; c. individual presenting in fruiting; d. nucules detail; e. overall appearance highlighting xylopodium (xy); f. carpel highlighting stylopodium (st) (base of the enlarged stylet); g. calyx in fruiting; h. indumentum branch detail of the inflorescence; i. flower in side view; Scale bars: a–c. 1 cm; d. 1 mm; e. 5 cm; f–i. 1 mm; Illustration: Patricia Machado.

FIGURE 2. a–h. Eriope harleyi. a.xylopodium holding several branches; b. detail of floral bracteoles buttons at the base of pseudopedicels; c. diaphanized leaf highlighting fimbriated marginal vein (fv); d. frontal view of adaxial epidermis showing cell walls anticlinal straight and stomata diacytic; e. SEM of the leaf epidermis in the margin region; f–g. cross sections of the leaf; f. detail of 2o vein containing extension sclerenchymatic sheath; g. epidermal cells showing the highest adaxial face in relation to the abaxial and mesophyll dorsiventral; Legends: br. bracteoles; es. bundle sheath extension sclerified; ep.epidermis; fv.fimbriated marginal vein; gt. glandular trichomes; is.intersecondary vein; pp. palisade parenchyma; qv. quaternary vein; sp. spongy parenchyma; st. stomata; tt. tector trichomes; tv. percurrentes tertiary veins; vb. vascular bundle; xy. xylopodium. Scale bars: a. 15 mm; b. 2 mm; c. 200 μm; d. 30 μm; e. 20 μm; f–g. 20 μm. Staining: c–d. aqueous safranin; f–g. alcian blue and basic fuchsin 3:1.

FIGURE 3. Map of location of new species of Eriope in micro-regions of the state of Goiás, Brazil; a. Brazil map; b. Goiás map. Source: IBGE.