Helorus striolatus Cameron, 1906

Vogel, Jonathan, Sauren, Jerome & Peters, Ralph S., 2024, New evidence on the identity of the European Helorus species (Hymenoptera, Proctotrupoidea, Helorida), Biodiversity Data Journal 12, pp. e 122523-e 122523 : e122523-

Helorus striolatus Cameron, 1906

Helorus striolatus Cameron, 1906: 98

Helorus meridionalis Pschorn-Walcher, 1955: 247

Materials

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: ZFMK et al.; individualCount: 1; sex: male; disposition: in collection; associatedSequences: GBHYG 2951-24; occurrenceID: 5A4AF6F7-E75D-5C80-8737-33AB92F3010D; Taxon: family: Heloridae ; genus: Helorus ; specificEpithet: striolatus ; scientificNameAuthorship: Cameron, 1906; Location: country: Germany; countryCode: DE; stateProvince: Rhineland-Palatinate; municipality: Ahrweiler; locality: Niederzissen, Bausenberg ; verbatimElevation: 321 m; decimalLatitude: 50.4647; decimalLongitude: 7.2222; Event: eventID: 48; samplingProtocol: Malaise trap; eventDate: 2017-7 - 14 / 20; year: 1906; habitat: MF 5. dry grassland; Record Level: institutionID: ZFMK; collectionID: ZFMK-TIS- 2629465; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: Gilgenbach, Carolin; individualCount: 1; sex: male; disposition: in collection; associatedSequences: GBHYG 1909-24; occurrenceID: BFD5DE71-A1C6-556A-BB32-3C95D51DA696; Taxon: family: Heloridae ; genus: Helorus ; specificEpithet: striolatus ; scientificNameAuthorship: Cameron, 1906; Location: country: Germany; countryCode: DE; stateProvince: Rhineland-Palatinate; municipality: Alzey-Worms; locality: Wine fields north of Monsheim ; decimalLatitude: 49.6406; decimalLongitude: 8.213699999999999; Event: eventID: 1031; samplingProtocol: Malaise trap; eventDate: 2021-7 - 10 / 18; year: 1906; Record Level: institutionID: ZFMK; collectionID: ZFMK-TIS- 2632620; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: Gilgenbach, Carolin; individualCount: 1; sex: male; disposition: in collection; associatedSequences: GBHYG 1910-24; occurrenceID: 641F5A38-4216-543A-979D-72DF99E43C60; Taxon: family: Heloridae ; genus: Helorus ; specificEpithet: striolatus ; scientificNameAuthorship: Cameron, 1906; Location: country: Germany; countryCode: DE; stateProvince: Rhineland-Palatinate; municipality: Alzey-Worms; locality: Wine fields north of Monsheim ; decimalLatitude: 49.6406; decimalLongitude: 8.213699999999999; Event: eventID: 1031; samplingProtocol: Malaise trap; eventDate: 2021-7 - 10 / 18; year: 1906; Record Level: institutionID: ZFMK; collectionID: ZFMK-TIS- 2632621; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: Gilgenbach, Carolin; individualCount: 1; sex: male; disposition: in collection; associatedSequences: GBHYG 1911-24; occurrenceID: A037FC33-D657-552A-A170-62C8EE05999B; Taxon: family: Heloridae ; genus: Helorus ; specificEpithet: striolatus ; scientificNameAuthorship: Cameron, 1906; Location: country: Germany; countryCode: DE; stateProvince: Rhineland-Palatinate; municipality: Alzey-Worms; locality: Wine fields north of Monsheim ; decimalLatitude: 49.6406; decimalLongitude: 8.213699999999999; Event: eventID: 1031; samplingProtocol: Malaise trap; eventDate: 2021-7 - 10 / 18; year: 1906; Record Level: institutionID: ZFMK; collectionID: ZFMK-TIS- 2632622; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: Gilgenbach, Carolin; individualCount: 1; sex: male; disposition: in collection; associatedSequences: GBHYG 1912-24; occurrenceID: 7DD64895-E2A1-53DB-8598-5DF2A799199A; Taxon: family: Heloridae ; genus: Helorus ; specificEpithet: striolatus ; scientificNameAuthorship: Cameron, 1906; Location: country: Germany; countryCode: DE; stateProvince: Rhineland-Palatinate; municipality: Alzey-Worms; locality: Wine fields north of Monsheim ; decimalLatitude: 49.6406; decimalLongitude: 8.213699999999999; Event: eventID: 1031; samplingProtocol: Malaise trap; eventDate: 2021-7 - 10 / 18; year: 1906; Record Level: institutionID: ZFMK; collectionID: ZFMK-TIS- 2632623; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: Gilgenbach, Carolin; individualCount: 1; disposition: in collection; associatedSequences: GBHYG 1913-24; occurrenceID: 68E9F184-D33C-577E-8569-ABBFE163103A; Taxon: family: Heloridae ; genus: Helorus ; specificEpithet: striolatus ; scientificNameAuthorship: Cameron, 1906; Location: country: Germany; countryCode: DE; stateProvince: Rhineland-Palatinate; municipality: Alzey-Worms; locality: Wine fields north of Monsheim ; decimalLatitude: 49.6406; decimalLongitude: 8.213699999999999; Event: eventID: 1031; samplingProtocol: Malaise trap; eventDate: 2021-7 - 10 / 18; year: 1906; Record Level: institutionID: ZFMK; collectionID: ZFMK-TIS- 2632624; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: Gilgenbach, Carolin; individualCount: 1; sex: male; disposition: in collection; associatedSequences: GBHYG 1914-24; occurrenceID: 1E31B840-4246-5C40-9154-929B882DAF4F; Taxon: family: Heloridae ; genus: Helorus ; specificEpithet: striolatus ; scientificNameAuthorship: Cameron, 1906; Location: country: Germany; countryCode: DE; stateProvince: Rhineland-Palatinate; municipality: Alzey-Worms; locality: Wine fields north of Monsheim ; decimalLatitude: 49.6406; decimalLongitude: 8.213699999999999; Event: eventID: 1031; samplingProtocol: Malaise trap; eventDate: 2021-7 - 10 / 18; year: 1906; Record Level: institutionID: ZFMK; collectionID: ZFMK-TIS- 2632625; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: Gilgenbach, Carolin; individualCount: 1; sex: male; disposition: in collection; associatedSequences: GBHYG 1915-24; occurrenceID: D8DF02DD-C3FE-5AC4-AE20-265444E0CA44; Taxon: family: Heloridae ; genus: Helorus ; specificEpithet: striolatus ; scientificNameAuthorship: Cameron, 1906; Location: country: Germany; countryCode: DE; stateProvince: Rhineland-Palatinate; municipality: Alzey-Worms; locality: Wine fields north of Monsheim ; decimalLatitude: 49.6406; decimalLongitude: 8.213699999999999; Event: eventID: 1031; samplingProtocol: Malaise trap; eventDate: 2021-7 - 10 / 18; year: 1906; Record Level: institutionID: ZFMK; collectionID: ZFMK-TIS- 2632626; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: Gilgenbach, Carolin; individualCount: 1; sex: male; disposition: in collection; associatedSequences: GBHYG 3703-24; occurrenceID: E40713D7-5EA2-5708-9C88-A327C7D5A83F; Taxon: family: Heloridae ; genus: Helorus ; specificEpithet: striolatus ; scientificNameAuthorship: Cameron, 1906; Location: country: Germany; countryCode: DE; stateProvince: Rhineland-Palatinate; municipality: Alzey-Worms; locality: Wine fields north of Monsheim ; decimalLatitude: 49.6406; decimalLongitude: 8.213699999999999; Event: eventID: 1031; samplingProtocol: Malaise trap; eventDate: 2021-7 - 10 / 18; year: 1906; Record Level: institutionID: ZFMK; collectionID: ZFMK-TIS- 2632743; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: Gilgenbach, Carolin; individualCount: 1; sex: male; disposition: in collection; associatedSequences: GBHYG 3704-24; occurrenceID: 692E054D-DFF3-5CAB-AA42-59F031D9A96E; Taxon: family: Heloridae ; genus: Helorus ; specificEpithet: striolatus ; scientificNameAuthorship: Cameron, 1906; Location: country: Germany; countryCode: DE; stateProvince: Rhineland-Palatinate; municipality: Alzey-Worms; locality: Wine fields north of Monsheim ; decimalLatitude: 49.6406; decimalLongitude: 8.213699999999999; Event: eventID: 1031; samplingProtocol: Malaise trap; eventDate: 2021-7 - 10 / 18; year: 1906; Record Level: institutionID: ZFMK; collectionID: ZFMK-TIS- 2632744; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: Gilgenbach, Carolin; individualCount: 1; sex: male; disposition: in collection; associatedSequences: GBHYG 3705-24; occurrenceID: 0B699834-7D7B-5ED0-84B0-BC8C55E1FBC7; Taxon: family: Heloridae ; genus: Helorus ; specificEpithet: striolatus ; scientificNameAuthorship: Cameron, 1906; Location: country: Germany; countryCode: DE; stateProvince: Rhineland-Palatinate; municipality: Alzey-Worms; locality: Wine fields north of Monsheim ; decimalLatitude: 49.6406; decimalLongitude: 8.213699999999999; Event: eventID: 1031; samplingProtocol: Malaise trap; eventDate: 2021-7 - 10 / 18; year: 1906; Record Level: institutionID: ZFMK; collectionID: ZFMK-TIS- 2632745; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: Gilgenbach, Carolin; individualCount: 1; sex: male; disposition: in collection; associatedSequences: GBHYG 3772-24; occurrenceID: 9CF13F98-1E4E-5434-AA9A-DFFB23E79CA0; Taxon: family: Heloridae ; genus: Helorus ; specificEpithet: striolatus ; scientificNameAuthorship: Cameron, 1906; Location: country: Germany; countryCode: DE; stateProvince: Rhineland-Palatinate; municipality: Alzey-Worms; locality: Wine fields north of Monsheim ; verbatimElevation: 145 m; decimalLatitude: 49.6406; decimalLongitude: 8.213699999999999; Event: eventID: 1101; samplingProtocol: Malaise trap; eventDate: 2021-8 - 5 / 24; year: 1906; habitat: shrub islands between wine fields, mostly poplars; Record Level: institutionID: ZFMK; collectionID: ZFMK-TIS- 2634475; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: Gilgenbach, Carolin; individualCount: 1; sex: male; disposition: in collection; associatedSequences: GBHYG 3773-24; occurrenceID: 4D539F16-01E1-5C58-99B4-A619E532611B; Taxon: family: Heloridae ; genus: Helorus ; specificEpithet: striolatus ; scientificNameAuthorship: Cameron, 1906; Location: country: Germany; countryCode: DE; stateProvince: Rhineland-Palatinate; municipality: Alzey-Worms; locality: Wine fields north of Monsheim ; verbatimElevation: 145 m; decimalLatitude: 49.6406; decimalLongitude: 8.213699999999999; Event: eventID: 1101; samplingProtocol: Malaise trap; eventDate: 2021-8 - 5 / 24; year: 1906; habitat: shrub islands between wine fields, mostly poplars; Record Level: institutionID: ZFMK; collectionID: ZFMK-TIS- 2634476; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: Gilgenbach, Carolin; individualCount: 1; sex: male; disposition: in collection; associatedSequences: GBHYG 3774-24; occurrenceID: F2FF9D26-1387-5FCF-AE45-146DCE157A7A; Taxon: family: Heloridae ; genus: Helorus ; specificEpithet: striolatus ; scientificNameAuthorship: Cameron, 1906; Location: country: Germany; countryCode: DE; stateProvince: Rhineland-Palatinate; municipality: Alzey-Worms; locality: Wine fields north of Monsheim ; verbatimElevation: 145 m; decimalLatitude: 49.6406; decimalLongitude: 8.213699999999999; Event: eventID: 1101; samplingProtocol: Malaise trap; eventDate: 2021-8 - 5 / 24; year: 1906; habitat: shrub islands between wine fields, mostly poplars; Record Level: institutionID: ZFMK; collectionID: ZFMK-TIS- 2634477; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: Gilgenbach, Carolin; individualCount: 1; sex: male; disposition: in collection; associatedSequences: GBHYG 3775-24; occurrenceID: C42860C8-A4C9-5C35-8852-872734B6F578; Taxon: family: Heloridae ; genus: Helorus ; specificEpithet: striolatus ; scientificNameAuthorship: Cameron, 1906; Location: country: Germany; countryCode: DE; stateProvince: Rhineland-Palatinate; municipality: Alzey-Worms; locality: Wine fields north of Monsheim ; verbatimElevation: 145 m; decimalLatitude: 49.6406; decimalLongitude: 8.213699999999999; Event: eventID: 1101; samplingProtocol: Malaise trap; eventDate: 2021-8 - 5 / 24; year: 1906; habitat: shrub islands between wine fields, mostly poplars; Record Level: institutionID: ZFMK; collectionID: ZFMK-TIS- 2634478; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: Gilgenbach, Carolin; individualCount: 1; sex: female; disposition: in collection; associatedSequences: GBHYG 3776-24; occurrenceID: 4608B578-3270-5D7B-9844-F7BF985668DF; Taxon: family: Heloridae ; genus: Helorus ; specificEpithet: striolatus ; scientificNameAuthorship: Cameron, 1906; Location: country: Germany; countryCode: DE; stateProvince: Rhineland-Palatinate; municipality: Alzey-Worms; locality: Wine fields north of Monsheim ; verbatimElevation: 145 m; decimalLatitude: 49.6406; decimalLongitude: 8.213699999999999; Event: eventID: 1101; samplingProtocol: Malaise trap; eventDate: 2021-8 - 5 / 24; year: 1906; habitat: shrub islands between wine fields, mostly poplars; Record Level: institutionID: ZFMK; collectionID: ZFMK-TIS- 2634479; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: Gilgenbach, Carolin; individualCount: 1; sex: male; disposition: in collection; associatedSequences: GBHYG 3777-24; occurrenceID: E5CD6E8B-6EC1-590B-8F44-764580275246; Taxon: family: Heloridae ; genus: Helorus ; specificEpithet: striolatus ; scientificNameAuthorship: Cameron, 1906; Location: country: Germany; countryCode: DE; stateProvince: Rhineland-Palatinate; municipality: Alzey-Worms; locality: Wine fields north of Monsheim ; verbatimElevation: 145 m; decimalLatitude: 49.6406; decimalLongitude: 8.213699999999999; Event: eventID: 1101; samplingProtocol: Malaise trap; eventDate: 2021-8 - 5 / 24; year: 1906; habitat: shrub islands between wine fields, mostly poplars; Record Level: institutionID: ZFMK; collectionID: ZFMK-TIS- 2634480; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: Gilgenbach, Carolin; individualCount: 1; sex: male; disposition: in collection; associatedSequences: GBHYG 3778-24; occurrenceID: 68FBD5A8-C24B-5E1E-825C-5FD260E10D99; Taxon: family: Heloridae ; genus: Helorus ; specificEpithet: striolatus ; scientificNameAuthorship: Cameron, 1906; Location: country: Germany; countryCode: DE; stateProvince: Rhineland-Palatinate; municipality: Alzey-Worms; locality: Wine fields north of Monsheim ; verbatimElevation: 145 m; decimalLatitude: 49.6406; decimalLongitude: 8.213699999999999; Event: eventID: 1101; samplingProtocol: Malaise trap; eventDate: 2021-8 - 5 / 24; year: 1906; habitat: shrub islands between wine fields, mostly poplars; Record Level: institutionID: ZFMK; collectionID: ZFMK-TIS- 2634481; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: Gilgenbach, Carolin; individualCount: 1; sex: male; disposition: in collection; associatedSequences: GBHYG 3779-24; occurrenceID: 7B175F94-3ACE-591B-AF14-E7ABAFE0FDDE; Taxon: family: Heloridae ; genus: Helorus ; specificEpithet: striolatus ; scientificNameAuthorship: Cameron, 1906; Location: country: Germany; countryCode: DE; stateProvince: Rhineland-Palatinate; municipality: Alzey-Worms; locality: Wine fields north of Monsheim ; verbatimElevation: 145 m; decimalLatitude: 49.6406; decimalLongitude: 8.213699999999999; Event: eventID: 1101; samplingProtocol: Malaise trap; eventDate: 2021-8 - 5 / 24; year: 1906; habitat: shrub islands between wine fields, mostly poplars; Record Level: institutionID: ZFMK; collectionID: ZFMK-TIS- 2634482; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: Gilgenbach, Carolin; individualCount: 1; sex: male; disposition: in collection; associatedSequences: GBHYG 3780-24; occurrenceID: F7CAEDEA-2EE7-51BB-888D-1961EB30F9B9; Taxon: family: Heloridae ; genus: Helorus ; specificEpithet: striolatus ; scientificNameAuthorship: Cameron, 1906; Location: country: Germany; countryCode: DE; stateProvince: Rhineland-Palatinate; municipality: Alzey-Worms; locality: Wine fields north of Monsheim ; verbatimElevation: 145 m; decimalLatitude: 49.6406; decimalLongitude: 8.213699999999999; Event: eventID: 1101; samplingProtocol: Malaise trap; eventDate: 2021-8 - 5 / 24; year: 1906; habitat: shrub islands between wine fields, mostly poplars; Record Level: institutionID: ZFMK; collectionID: ZFMK-TIS- 2634483; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: Gilgenbach, Carolin; individualCount: 1; sex: male; disposition: in collection; associatedSequences: GBHYG 3781-24; occurrenceID: ACB662BB-47A8-5A68-AC60-6AEF70B968FF; Taxon: family: Heloridae ; genus: Helorus ; specificEpithet: striolatus ; scientificNameAuthorship: Cameron, 1906; Location: country: Germany; countryCode: DE; stateProvince: Rhineland-Palatinate; municipality: Alzey-Worms; locality: Wine fields north of Monsheim ; verbatimElevation: 145 m; decimalLatitude: 49.6406; decimalLongitude: 8.213699999999999; Event: eventID: 1101; samplingProtocol: Malaise trap; eventDate: 2021-8 - 5 / 24; year: 1906; habitat: shrub islands between wine fields, mostly poplars; Record Level: institutionID: ZFMK; collectionID: ZFMK-TIS- 2634484; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: Gilgenbach, Carolin; individualCount: 1; sex: male; disposition: in collection; associatedSequences: GBHYG 3782-24; occurrenceID: 556261B7-34B5-58EB-8B9F-A865B93F78AB; Taxon: family: Heloridae ; genus: Helorus ; specificEpithet: striolatus ; scientificNameAuthorship: Cameron, 1906; Location: country: Germany; countryCode: DE; stateProvince: Rhineland-Palatinate; municipality: Alzey-Worms; locality: Wine fields north of Monsheim ; verbatimElevation: 145 m; decimalLatitude: 49.6406; decimalLongitude: 8.213699999999999; Event: eventID: 1101; samplingProtocol: Malaise trap; eventDate: 2021-8 - 5 / 24; year: 1906; habitat: shrub islands between wine fields, mostly poplars; Record Level: institutionID: ZFMK; collectionID: ZFMK-TIS- 2634485; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: Gilgenbach, Carolin; individualCount: 1; sex: male; disposition: in collection; associatedSequences: GBHYG 3783-24; occurrenceID: 4D9D628A-30B6-59BC-BCD8-BDA3992CBB72; Taxon: family: Heloridae ; genus: Helorus ; specificEpithet: striolatus ; scientificNameAuthorship: Cameron, 1906; Location: country: Germany; countryCode: DE; stateProvince: Rhineland-Palatinate; municipality: Alzey-Worms; locality: Wine fields north of Monsheim ; verbatimElevation: 145 m; decimalLatitude: 49.6406; decimalLongitude: 8.213699999999999; Event: eventID: 1101; samplingProtocol: Malaise trap; eventDate: 2021-8 - 5 / 24; year: 1906; habitat: shrub islands between wine fields, mostly poplars; Record Level: institutionID: ZFMK; collectionID: ZFMK-TIS- 2634486; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: Gilgenbach, Carolin; individualCount: 1; sex: male; disposition: in collection; associatedSequences: GBHYG 3784-24; occurrenceID: 811C27D9-EEF9-5252-B602-231ADB61E0B6; Taxon: family: Heloridae ; genus: Helorus ; specificEpithet: striolatus ; scientificNameAuthorship: Cameron, 1906; Location: country: Germany; countryCode: DE; stateProvince: Rhineland-Palatinate; municipality: Alzey-Worms; locality: Wine fields north of Monsheim ; verbatimElevation: 145 m; decimalLatitude: 49.6406; decimalLongitude: 8.213699999999999; Event: eventID: 1101; samplingProtocol: Malaise trap; eventDate: 2021-8 - 5 / 24; year: 1906; habitat: shrub islands between wine fields, mostly poplars; Record Level: institutionID: ZFMK; collectionID: ZFMK-TIS- 2634487; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: Gilgenbach, Carolin; individualCount: 1; sex: male; disposition: in collection; associatedSequences: GBHYG 3785-24; occurrenceID: D6D877F2-3998-5D41-ACA6-A6DD2B2D876D; Taxon: family: Heloridae ; genus: Helorus ; specificEpithet: striolatus ; scientificNameAuthorship: Cameron, 1906; Location: country: Germany; countryCode: DE; stateProvince: Rhineland-Palatinate; municipality: Alzey-Worms; locality: Wine fields north of Monsheim ; verbatimElevation: 145 m; decimalLatitude: 49.6406; decimalLongitude: 8.213699999999999; Event: eventID: 1101; samplingProtocol: Malaise trap; eventDate: 2021-8 - 5 / 24; year: 1906; habitat: shrub islands between wine fields, mostly poplars; Record Level: institutionID: ZFMK; collectionID: ZFMK-TIS- 2634488; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: Gilgenbach, Carolin; individualCount: 1; sex: female; disposition: in collection; associatedSequences: GBHYG 3786-24; occurrenceID: 59577EB2-64ED-5053-81D7-96FAE261672F; Taxon: family: Heloridae ; genus: Helorus ; specificEpithet: striolatus ; scientificNameAuthorship: Cameron, 1906; Location: country: Germany; countryCode: DE; stateProvince: Rhineland-Palatinate; municipality: Alzey-Worms; locality: Wine fields north of Monsheim ; verbatimElevation: 145 m; decimalLatitude: 49.6406; decimalLongitude: 8.213699999999999; Event: eventID: 1101; samplingProtocol: Malaise trap; eventDate: 2021-8 - 5 / 24; year: 1906; habitat: shrub islands between wine fields, mostly poplars; Record Level: institutionID: ZFMK; collectionID: ZFMK-TIS- 2634489; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: Doczkal, Dieter; individualCount: 1; sex: female; disposition: in collection; associatedSequences: no DNA barcode available; occurrenceID: BE3908F8-ECE1-532B-904D-DB64F4FADB75; Taxon: family: Heloridae ; genus: Helorus ; specificEpithet: striolatus ; scientificNameAuthorship: Cameron, 1906; Location: country: Germany; countryCode: DE; stateProvince: Bavaria; municipality: Unterfranken, Karsbach; locality: Hohhafter Berg, Southern slope ; verbatimElevation: 242 m; decimalLatitude: 50.0305; decimalLongitude: 9.79618; Event: samplingProtocol: Malaise trap; eventDate: 2014-7 / 8 - 19 / 2; year: 1906; habitat: Blaugrashalde / Fels; Record Level: institutionID: ZSM; collectionID: BC ZSM HYM 23980; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Holotype. Occurrence: individualCount: 1; sex: male; disposition: in collection; associatedSequences: no DNA barcode available; occurrenceID: F2863BB2-6FF1-502D-ACEA-671AFD5FEF27; Taxon: family: Heloridae ; genus: Helorus ; specificEpithet: striolatus ; scientificNameAuthorship: Cameron, 1906; Location: country: Pakistan; countryCode: PK; stateProvince: Balochistan; municipality: Quetta; Event: year: 1906; Record Level: institutionID: NHMUK; collectionID: ecatalogue: 9460745; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Holotype. Occurrence: individualCount: 1; sex: female; disposition: in collection; associatedSequences: no DNA barcode available; occurrenceID: F00E61C0-E869-5080-A8B1-FE496D17F9CA; Taxon: family: Heloridae ; genus: Helorus ; specificEpithet: meridionalis ; scientificNameAuthorship: Pschorn-Walcher, 1955; Event: year: 1955; Record Level: institutionID: NHMW; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Allotype. Occurrence: recordedBy: Mayr, G.; individualCount: 1; sex: male; disposition: in collection; associatedSequences: no DNA barcode available; occurrenceID: A8C2493E-0579-5729-80C9-B72774C43AA4; Taxon: family: Heloridae ; genus: Helorus ; specificEpithet: meridionalis ; scientificNameAuthorship: Pschorn-Walcher, 1955; Event: year: 1955; Record Level: institutionID: NHMW; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: Mayr, G.; individualCount: 1; sex: female; disposition: in collection; associatedSequences: no DNA barcode available; occurrenceID: D2493C4A-69BD-54DF-9A1A-80B7D6DFE8DB; Taxon: family: Heloridae ; genus: Helorus ; specificEpithet: meridionalis ; scientificNameAuthorship: Pschorn-Walcher, 1955; Event: year: 1955; Record Level: institutionID: NHMW; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

CO 1 barcode

n = 26. Maximum intraspecific distance: 0.3 %. Minimum distance to closest species ( H. anomalipes ): 12.3 %. Consensus sequence (625 bp):

AATTATTGGTCTTTCAATAAGATTAATTATTCGAATAGAATTAAGTTCTCCTGGATCATTAATTAAAAATGATCAAATTTATAATTCTTTTGTTACTTTACATGCTTTCTTAATAATTTTTTTTTTTATTATACCAATTACTGTTGGAGGTTTTGGAAATTGATTAACACCAATAATATTAATAACCCCAGATATATCATTTCCACGAATAAATAATTTAAGATTTTGATTATTAATCCCTAGAATTTCTTTAATATTATTTAGAAGAATTAGAGATCAAGGTCCAGGAACAGGATGAACAATTTACCCACCTTTATCATTAAATTTAAGTCATAGAGGTAAAGCAGTTGATTTAACAATTTTATCACTTCATATTGCAGGAATTTCTTCAATTTTAGCCTCAATTAATTTCATTACTACAATTTTAAATATAAAAATTAAATCTTTCTCTATTGAAAAAATTAATTTATTTTTATGATCAATACTTTTAACTACAATTTTATTATTAATCTCTTTACCAGTATTAGCTGGAGGAATCACTATAATTTTATTTGATCGAAATATAAATTCTTCATTTTTTGATCCAAGAGGAGGAGGAGATCCAATCCTTTATCAACATCTATTT

Remarks

H. striolatus can be separated from all other species by the combination of a slender petiole, a long pterostigma, and darker legs (see Van Achterberg (2006) and the key below). In our analyses of molecular sequence data, specimens with these characters clearly form a separate species. In addition to our material, we examined the types of H. striolatus and H. meridionalis and found all specimens to be very similar. Helorus meridionalis is a synonym of H. striolatus which has been synonymised by Townes (1977), again without examination of the type (of H. meridionalis ; cf. the case of H. coruscus above). Synonymisation was solely based on re-evaluation of the description by Pschorn-Walcher (1955). Pschorn-Walcher (1955) did not include H. striolatus in his revision, because he had no material of this species at hand and did not examine the type. Therefore, he does not give any diagnostic characters to separate his new H. meridionalis from H. striolatus . Later, Townes (1977) examined the type of H. striolatus and found the description of H. meridionalis by Pschorn-Walcher (1955) sufficient to synonymise the two. Prpic-Schäper (( 2011), privately published essay) outlines some doubts on the validity of the synonymisation of the two species, based on differences in the first two flagellomere indices and the differences in type locality. The type of H. striolatus was collected in Pakistan, i. e. geographically separated from, for example, the H. meridionalis type from Italy or the specimens examined herein from Germany. Furthermore, the types of H. striolatus and H. meridionalis are both lacking their heads, which makes an examination of the flagellomere lengths impossible.

The colouration of the legs is lighter in the H. striolatus type than in the H. meridionalis type, but these are only subtle colouration differences that are hardly useful for species delimitation. Van Achterberg (2006) also notes differences in H. striolatus specimens from Spain (quote “ The specimens from Spain have the vertex strongly punctate and the pterostigma slightly more robust than other specimens ”) which could point to the existence of a separate species, maybe H. meridionalis , in southern Europe. As the primary types of both species have lost their heads, the first character cannot be evaluated further. The pterostigma is, as Van Achterberg (2006) described, slightly more robust in the H. meridionalis type than in the H. striolatus (pterostigma index 2.9 meridionalis type, 3.4 striolatus type). While the pterostigma index value of the H. meridionalis lectotype falls into the range that we find in our specimens of H. striolatus (2.8-3.3), the holotype of H. striolatus exhibits an extreme value of 3.4.

Pschorn-Walcher (1955) already points out that the lack of H. striolatus material he had at hand makes it impossible to decide whether it is what he calls “ a good species ”. Townes (1977) examined more material, but all came from the Western Palaearctic (including five specimens from Israel as the easternmost locality). Van Achterberg (2006) examined material from various countries, including Turkey, but did not aim at a taxonomic revision. From his note, that, specifically, specimens from Spain were different from other examined material (see above), we can conclude that the ones from Turkey did not differ from his central European material. The analysis of DNA barcode data herein is of limited significance because all included specimens originated from Germany; they currently do not point towards two species under the name H. striolatus . To investigate this further, more specimens, ideally with both morphological and molecular data, are needed from southern Europe, as well as from Pakistan and neighbouring countries and the Middle East. Izadizadeh et al. (2015) described an additional species that is most similar to H. striolatus from Iran. We did not examine this species and type. Currently, arguments for separation between H. striolatus and H. meridionalis and for re-instating H. meridionalis are weak and we keep the synonymisation and place all our specimens under the name H. striolatus . Please note that the pin holding the holotype female of H. meridionalis bears a second (male) specimen (Fig. 8 E). The male allotype mentioned by Pschorn-Walcher (1955) is on a separate pin and in a very poor condition (i. e. missing head, hind wings, one fore wing, and metasoma). The male specimen that is with the holotype is indeed a H. anomalipes specimen. It is unknown to us who put this specimen next to the H. meridionalis holotype.

Figures

Figure 8. Helorus striolatus Cameron, 1906 and its synonym H. meridionalis Pschorn-Walcher, 1955. A-D Helorus striolatus Cameron, 1906: A holotype male habitus dorsal; B holotype labels; C holotype habitus lateral; D male ZFMK-TIS- 2632620 habitus lateral. E-F Helorus meridionalis Pschorn-Walcher, 1955: E holotype female habitus lateral (image flipped vertically); F holotype labels; G label of additional specimen on same pin as H. meridionalis holotype (also visible in E). Scale bars 1000 µm.