SUBFAMILYLAMIINAE, Latreille, 1825

Peck, Stewart B., 2016, The beetles of the Lesser Antilles (Insecta, Coleoptera): diversity and distributions, Insecta Mundi 2016 (460), pp. 1-360 : 179-186

SUBFAMILYLAMIINAE

TRIBEPARMENIINI

Nanilla delauneyi Fleutiaux and Sallé 1890: 467 ; Gahan 1895: 120; Villiers 1980e: 553, 1980f: 88 (lectotype); Chalumeau 1885c: 150; Chalumeauand Touroult 2005a: 137; Touroult 2012a: 84. Distribution. Guadeloupe; singleisland endemic. Genus endemic to West Indies. Notes. In hygrophile forests; developing in branches of Inga sp. , a visual mimic of the cryptorhynch weevil Neotylodes errans (Boheman) , which also inhabits high elevation Inga sp. Plate 45.

TRIBELAMIINI

Taeniotes insularis Thomson 1857: 171 ; Fleutiaux and Sallé 1890: 468; Gahan 1895: 121; Villiers 1980d: 466, 1980e: 555; Monné and Hovore 2005: 176; Chalumeauand Touroult 2005a: 139; Daltry 2009: 68; Touroult 2012a: 84. Distribution. Dominica (subspecies Taeniotes insularis gahani Breuning 1943: 246 ), Guadeloupe (type locality), Marie-Galante, St. Lucia; Lesser Antillesendemic. Not Cuba. Notes. In mesophile and hygrophile forest. Host trees; Artocarpus altilis (Parkinson) Fosberg , Morus sp. , Ficus sp. Plate 48.

Taeniotes leucogrammus Thomson 1865: 554 ; Gahan 1895: 121; Villiers 1980e: 558; Chalumeau and Touroult 2005a: 140; Touroult 2007: 7; Touroult 2012a: 84. Distribution. Martinique (type locality), St. Lucia (subspecies Taeniotes leucogrammus luciae Touroult 2007: 7 ) ; Lesser Antilles endemic. Notes. Occurring in mesophile and lower hygrophile forest. Plate 48.

[ Taeniotes pulverulentus (Olivier) 1790b: 302 ( Lamia ); Gahan 1895: 121; Villiers 1980e: 558; Chalumeau and Touroult 2005a: 138; Touroult 2012a: 77, removal from the Lesser Antilles list. Distribution. Grenada?; not Guadeloupe and not Martinique. Costa Rica to Paraguay. Notes. Presence in the Lesser Antilles problematic. This is listed as a synonym of Taeniotes farinosus (L.) 1758: 390 in Monné and Hovore 2005: 270 and Monné and Bezark 2011: 306, which occurs from Costa Rica to Peru. Plate 48.]

[ Taeniotes scalaris Fabricius 1781: 213 ; Gahan 1895: 121; Villiers 1980e: 556; Chalumeauand Touroult 2005a: 138; Touroult 2012a: 77, removal of species from the Lesser Antilles list. = Taeniotes scalatus Gmelin 1790: 1825 ; Monné and Bezark 2011: 306; Touroult 2014: 84, reconfirmation for Grenada. Distribution. Grenada, nNot Cuba, not Grenada, not Martinique, not Guadeloupe. Mexico , Central and South America ; Lesser Antilles and continental Latin America . Notes. Host trees; Ficus sp. , Morus sp. , Artocarpus altilis (Parkinson) Fosberg , Castilloa sp. Plate 48.

TRIBEBATOCERINI

Batocera rufomaculata (Degeer) 1775: 107 ( Cerambyx ); Chalumeau and Touroult 2005a: 141; Valentine and Ivie 2005: 280; Micheli 2010: 192; Touroult 2012a: 84. = Batocera rubus (L.) 1758: 390; Leng and Mutchler 1917: 210; Blackwelder 1944: 596; Bennettand Alam 1985: 28. Distribution. Barbados, Guana, Puerto Rico, St. Croix, St. John, St. Thomas; introduced to the Lesser Antilles; introduced to New World. East Africa, se Asia, Oriental, originally from India; pantropical. Notes. In many trees, including Albizzia lebbeck (L.) Benth., Erythrina variegata L., Ficus sp. , Mangifera indica L., Cocos nucifer L., Artocarpus altilis (Parkinson) Fosberg , Carica papaya L., and Ceiba pentandra (L.) Gaertn; bores stems of figs on Barbados.

TRIBECOLOBOTHEINI

Carneades sp. undetermined; Touroult 2014: 84. Distribution. Martinique, St. Lucia.

TRIBEPHRYNETINI

Phryneta verrucosa (Drury) 1770 -1782: 90 ( Cerambyx ); Gahan 1895: 121; Uyttenboogaart 1902: 119; Lengand Mutchler 1914: 448; Tucker 1952: 346; Bennettand Alam 1985: 28; Chalumeauand Touroult 2005a: 142; Dalens and Touroult 2007: 292; Touroult 2012a: 84. Distribution. Barbados, Grenada. Trinidad. All introduced; established?; introduced to the Lesser Antilles; introduced to New World; native to Africa, region of Gulf of Guinea, probably the island of Annobon. Notes. Bores stems of figs on Barbados. No recent Antilles records are reported.

TRIBEAPOMECYNINI

Adetus lherminieri Fleutiaux and Sallé 1890: 468 ; Gahan 1895: 122; Blackwelder 1944-1957: 597; Villiers 1980d: 465, 1980e: 543, 1980f: 86 (lectotype); Chalumeauand Touroult 2005a: 144; Touroult 2007: 8; 2012: 76; Touroult 2012a: 76, 84; Touroultand Poirier 2012: 47. = Adetus leewardensis Breuning 1940: 38 of St. Vincent. = Adetus grossepunctatus Breuning 1940: 38 of Grenada and of Mustique. Distribution. Antigua *, Barbados, Canouan, Carriacou*, Dominica (subspecies dominicensis Breuning 1971: 307 ), Grenada, Guadeloupe (type locality), Les Saintes, Marie-Galante, Martinique, Mayreau*, Montserrat, Mustique, Petit St. Vincent, St. Lucia, St. Kitts, St. Vincent, Union; Lesser Antilles endemic. Notes. Host plants: Coccoloba uvifera L., Cordia spp. , Gossypium spp. , Hibiscus spp. , Thespia spp. Plate 41.

Bebelis picta Pascoe 1875: 73 ; Chalumeau and Touroult 2005a: 149; Touroult 2012a: 84. = Dorcasta obtusa Bates 1885: 372 , Gahan 1895: 127 of St. Vincent. = Bebelis lignosa Thomson 1864 -1865: 110; Breuning 1971: 300 of St. Vincent. Distribution. Martinique, St. Vincent. Mexico , Guatemala, and Brazil; the Lesser Antilles and Latin America . Probably not Cuba.

Bisaltes sautierei Chalumeau and Touroult 2004a: 64, 2005a: 148 ; Touroult 2012a: 84. Distribution. Guadeloupe, Marie-Galante; single island endemic. Notes. Found in back-beach mangroves. Plate 42.

Rosalba arawakiana Villiers 1980e: 545, 1980f: 86 ; Chalumeau and Touroult 2005a: 147; Touroult 2012a: 84. Distribution. Guadeloupe; single island endemic, not Martinique (misidentification of Rosalba hovorei ). Notes. An occupant of upper elevation forest (600- 850 m.) ; on dead branches. Plate 47.

Rosalba hovorei Touroult 2007 :: 13, Chalumeau and Touroult 2005a: 147 (misidentification as Rosalba arawakiana Villiers 1980e: 545 of Guadeloupe); Touroult 2012a: 84; Touroultand Poirier 2012: 47. Distribution. Martinique; single island endemic.

Tethystolamutica Gahan 1895: 126 ; Chalumeauand Touroult 2005a: 146, 2005b: 159 (lectotype); Touroult 2012a: 84. Distribution. Grenada, St. Vincent. Trinidad; the Lesser Antillesand Latin America .

TRIBEONCIDERINI

Cacostola ornata Fleutiaux and Sallé 1890: 470 ; Gahan 1895: 125; Villiers 1980e: 551, 1980f: 87 (lectotype); Chalumeau and Touroult 2005a: 158; Dalens and Touroult 2007: 291; Touroult 2007: 8, 2012a: 84. Distribution. Bequia, Barbados, Dominica, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Martinique, Mayreau*, Montserrat, Mustique, St. Kitts *, St. Lucia; Lesser Antilles endemic. Notes. Host trees: Mangifera indica L., Chrysobalanus icaco (L.), Avicennia germinans (L.). Plate 42.

Hypsioma grisea (Fleutiaux and Sallé) 1890: 469 ( Hypomia ); Gahan 1895: 125; Villiers 1980d: 466, 1980e: 549, 1980f: 87 (lectotype) ( Tritania ); Monné and Hovore 2005: 204; Chalumeau and Touroult 2005a: 154; Vitaliand Touroult 2005: 72 (larva); Dalens and Touroult 2007: 292; Touroult 2007: 8, 2012a: 84; Touroultand Poirier 2012: 47. = Hypsioma picticornis Bates 1865: 111 ; Gahan 1895: 125 of Grenada; Chalumeauand Touroult 2005a: 154, synonymy. Distribution. Barbados, Bequia*, Canouan*, Dominica, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Les Saintes, Martinique, Mayreau*, St. Lucia, St. Vincent, Union; Lesser Antilles endemic. Notes. Host trees: Piscidia carthagenensis Jacq. , Lonchocarpus punctatus Kunth. , Mangifera indica L. In xerophile and hygrophile zone forests. Plate 44.

Oncideresamputator (Fabricius) 1792: 276 ( Lamia ); Fleutiauxand Sallé 1890: 470; Gahan 1895: 125; Villiers 1980d: 466, 1980e: 547; Chalumeauand Touroult 2005a: 151; Vitaliand Touroult 2005: 74 (larva); Touroult 2007: 8, 2012a: 76, 84; Touroultand Poirier 2012: 47. Distribution. Dominica, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Jamaica, Les Saintes, Martinique, St. Lucia, St. Vincent; Lesser Antilles endemic. Notes. Adults most abundant in April to June and October-November. Host trees are: “bois doux” ( Inga ingoides (Rich.) Willd. and Inga laurina (Sw.) Willd. , with a diameter up to 20 mm), Coccoloba uvifera L., Lonchocarpus punctatus Kunth , Diospyros revoluta Poiret , Acacia spp. , Sloanea dentata L., Sloanea massoni Sw. , Citrus spp. , etc. The female of this beetle lays its eggs in a small tree branch and then girdles the branch with its mandibles until the branch drops to the forest floor. The larva develops in the fallen branch. The people of Dominica and St. Lucia commonly and mistakenly think these fallen branches are the act of the large Hercules beetle ( Dynastes hercules (L.), Scarabaeidae ), which supposedly grasps the branches between its two horns and flies in loops until the branch is cut. Touroult (2004b) has reared 15 species of other cerambycids from Inga sp. branches cut by this species. Plate 46.

Paraclytemnestra lineata (Fisher) 1926: 14 ( Jamesia ); Chalumeau and Touroult 2005a: 155; Touroult 2012a: 84 ( Jamesia ). = Paraclytemnestra gigantea Breuning 1974: 240 of St. Lucia. Distribution. Barbados *, St. Lucia; Lesser Antilles endemic. Genus endemic to the Lesser Antilles. Notes. In mesophile forest.

Trestonia fulgurata Buquet 1859: 48 ; Fleutiaux and Sallé 1890: 469; Gahan 1895: 125; Villiers 1980e: 548; Chalumeauand Touroult 2005a: 156; Touroult 2007: 8, 2012a: 84. Distribution. Grenada *, Guadeloupe, Mayreau*, Mustique*, St. Lucia, Union; Lesser Antilles endemic. Notes. In hygrophile zone; in branches of Inga ingoides (Richard) Willdenow , Acacia spp. , Sloanea massoni Sw. Touroult (2004) has reared the species from Inga sp. branches girdled by Oncideres amputator (Fabricius) in Guadeloupe. Plate 49.

Trestonia signifera Buquet 1859: 49 ; Fleutiaux and Sallé 1890: 469; Gahan 1895: 125 ( Trestonia ); Villiers 1980e: 549; Chalumeauand Touroult 2005a: 157; Touroultand Poirier 2012: 47; Touroult 2012a: 84. Distribution. Guadeloupe (type locality, but its presence needs confirmation), Martinique ; Lesser Antillesendemic.

TRIBEPTEROPLIINI

Ataxia spinnipennis Chevrolat 1862: 252 , new species record. Distribution. Cuba, Grenada * (det. M. C. Thomas, first record for the Lesser Antilles), Puerto Rico, St. Thomas; widespread Antilles endemic.

Epectasis similis Gahan 1895: 126 ; Villiers 1980d: 466, 1980e: 552, 1980f: 87 (lectotype); Chemsak et al. 1992: 118; Chalumeauand Touroult 2005a: 160; Touroult 2012a: 75, 84. Distribution. Dominica, Grenada (type locality), Guadeloupe, Martinique, Montserrat, St. Vincent, Union*; Lesser Antilles endemic. Notes. Host trees: Mangifera indica L. and Sloanea massoni Sw. In hygrophile zone forests. Plate 43.

TRIBEPOGONOCHERINI

Ecyrus hirtipes Gahan 1895: 127 ; Villiers 1980d: 466, 1980e: 561, 1980f: 88 (lectotype); Chemsak 1969: 189; Ivie and Chemsak 1983: 199; Chalumeau and Touroult 2005a: 163; Valentine and Ivie 2005: 280; Dalens and Touroult 2007: 291; Touroult 2007: 8; Turnbow and Thomas 2008: 17; Micheli 2010: 210; Touroult 2012a: 84; Touroultand Poirier 2012: 47. Distribution. Antigua *, Bahamas, Barbados, Cuba, Dominica, Grenada (type locality), Guadeloupe, Guana, Hispaniola, Martinique, Mayreau*, Montserrat, Mustique*, Puerto Rico, Saba, St. John, St. Kitts *, St. Lucia, St. Thomas, Union; widespread Antilles endemic. Notes. Polyphagous on many host trees. Touroult (2004) has reared the species from Inga sp. branches girdled by Oncideres amputator (Fabricius) in Guadeloupe. Plate 43.

TRIBEDESMIPHORINI

Desmiphora hirticollis (Olivier) 1795: 11 ( Saperda ); Gahan 1895: 122; Micheli and Hovore 2003: 3; Chalumeauand Touroult 2005a: 165; Touroult 2007: 8, 2012a: 75, 84; Micheli 2010: 206; Touroult 2012a: 75; Thomaset al. 2013: 18. Distribution. Barbados, Caymans, Cuba, Curaçao, Dominica, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Jamaica, Martinique, Mayreau*, Mustique*, PuertoRico, St. Lucia, St. Vincent, Union. Sw USA, Mexico to Venezuela to Argentina; Galapagos; widespread New World.

Estola rogueti Chalumeau and Touroult 2005b: 158, 2005a: 167 ; Touroult 2012a: 84. Distribution. Martinique; single island endemic. Notes. In xerophile zone forests. Plate 44.

Estoloides bellefontainei Touroult 2012a: 73 , 84. Distribution. Martinique; single island endemic.

Mimestoloides benardi Breuning 1980: 70 ; Villiers 1980e: 559; Chalumeau and Touroult 2005a: 166; Touroult 2007: 8, 2012a: 84; Touroultand Poirier 2012: 47. Distribution. Guadeloupe (type locality), Grenada *, Martinique, Montserrat, St. Lucia; Lesser Antilles endemic. Notes. In xerophile and hygrophile zone forests; reared from branches of Artocarpus altilis (Parkinson) Fosberg and captured on Clusia plukenetii Urban. Plate 45.

TRIBEPOLYRHAPHIDIINI

[ Polyrhaphis spinosa (Drury) 1770 -1782: pl. 31 ( Cerambyx ); Tucker 1952: 346; Bennettand Alam 1985: 28. Distribution. Barbados (unverified record, introduced or misidentification; not listed for Antilles in Chalumeau and Touroult 2005). Guianas and northern Brazil, e Ecuador, Colombia, Bolivia (Monné and Bezark 2011: 328); introduced to the Lesser Antilles?]

TRIBEANISOCERINI

Onychocerus crassus (Voët) 1778: 10 ( Cerambyx ); Villiers 1980e: 586; Chalumeau and Touroult 2005a: 168; Touroult 2012a: 84; Touroultand Poirier 2012: 47. Distribution. Grenada, Martinique, Union*. Honduras, Panama to Trinidad, Tobago, to Argentina, Bolivia; the Lesser Antillesand Latin America . Notes. Host plants: Spondias mombin L., Hura sp. Plate 46.

TRIBEACANTHODERINI

Oreodera glauca (L.) 1758: 390 ( Cerambyx ); Fleutiaux and Sallé 1890: 471; Gahan 1895: 128; Villiers 1980d: 467, 1980e: 583; Chalumeauand Touroult 2005a: 169; Touroult 2007:: 11; Turnbowand Thomas 2008: 21; Micheli 2010: 186; Touroult 2012a: 84; Thomaset al. 2013: 19. Distribution. Bahamas, Caymans, Dominica, Grenada *, Guadeloupe, Hispaniola, Jamaica, Martinique, Montserrat, Puerto Rico, St. Lucia. Mexico to Panama, to Bolivia, Argentina; widespread Antilles and Latin America . Notes. An anthropophile and possibly introduced to some islands. Host trees: Ficus sp. , Artocarpus altilis (Parkinson) Fosberg , Coccoloba uvifera L., etc. Plate 46.

Steirastoma breve (Sulzer) 1776: 45 ( Cerambyx ); Villiers 1980e: 584; Chalumeau and Touroult 2005a: 171; Touroult 2012a: 84. = Cerambyx depressum Fabricius 1781: 214 ; Gahan 1895: 128. Distribution. Grenada, Jamaica, Martinique, Puerto Rico, St. Lucia. USA (FL), Costa Rica to Trinidad, Argentina, Bolivia; widespread New World. Notes. Hosts: trees inthefamilies Sterculiaceae , Malvaceae , and Bombacaceae . Plate 47.

TRIBEACANTHOCININI

[ Alcidion dominicum (Fisher) 1926: 30 ( Probatius ). Type specimen stated to have been collected by H. W. Foote on the June-July, 1913, Yale expedition to Dominica; Monné and Bezark 2011: 196 list both Dominica and the Dominican Republic. Distribution. Dominica (type locality); as stated in the description. Chalumeau and Touroult 2005 and Touroult 2012a: 85 do not list any species of Alcidion from the Lesser Antilles. Other species occur in USA (FL), Mexico to South America , and the Greater Antilles (Monné and Hovore 2005: 246). Dominica is here treated as an erroneous locality and a likely misinterpretation for the Dominican Republic.]

Amniscus assimilis (Gahan) 1895: 136 ( Leptostylus ); Gilmour 1963: 59 ( Leptostylopsis ); Villiers 1980d: 466, 1980e: 571, 1980f: 90 ( Leptostyloides ); Monné and Bezark 2011: 197; Chalumeau and Touroult 2005a: 179; Vitali 2001: 153 (larva); Valentine and Ivie 2005: 280; Dalens and Touroult 2007: 291; Touroult 2012a: 85. = Leptostylopsis bidentatus (Fabricius) 1775: 165 ( Cerambyx ); Fleutiauxand Sallé 1890: 471 of Guadeloupe; Gahan 1895: 136 ( Leptostylus ) of Nevis; misapplication of name according to Touroult 2012a: 77. = Leptostylus bidentatus in part, Fleutiaux and Sallé 1890: 471; Gilmour 1963: 59 (new combination). Distribution. Barbados, Désirade, Dominica, Guadeloupe (type locality), Guana, Les Saintes, Martinique, Montserrat, Nevis, St. Kitts, St. Lucia; widespread Antilles endemic (the Guana record places it into the Greater Antilles). Mexico record in doubt. Notes. In littoral and xerophile forest zones. Polyphagous on many tree genera. Touroult (2004) has reared the species from Inga sp. branches girdled by Oncideres amputator (Fabricius) in Guadeloupe. Plate 41.

Amniscus praemorsus (Fabricius) 1792: 275 ( Lamia ), Fleutiaux and Sallé 1890: 472; Gahan 1895: 135 ( Leptostylus ); Chalumeauand Touroult 2005a: 180; Touroult 2012a: 85. = Leptostyloides praemorsus (Fabricius) 1792: 275 ( Lamia ); Fleutiauxand Sallé 1890: 472 ( Leptostylus ) of Guadeloupe; Villiers 1980e: 571, 1980f: 91. Distribution. Antigua, Barbados, Bermuda (introduced), Dominica?, Guadeloupe?, St. Barthélemy, St. Kitts, St. Lucia?, St. Martin-St. Maarten; Lesser Antillesendemic. Mexico record in doubt. Notes. Thereal distribution is unclear. According to Chalumeau and Touroult 2005a: 180 the species is probably restricted to the small northern islands of the Lesser Antilles. Plate 41.

Amniscus similis (Gahan) 1895: 136 ( Leptostylus ); Villiers 1980d: 466, 1980e: 572, 1980f: 91 (lectotype) ( Leptostyloides ); Chalumeauand Touroult 2005a: 178; Vitaliand Touroult 2006: 5 (larva); Touroult 2007:: 11; Micheli 2010: 144; Touroultand Poirier 2012: 47; Touroult 2012a: 85. = Leptostylus bidentatus in part; Fleutiauxand Sallé 1890: 471 of Guadeloupe; Gahan 1895: 136. = Leptostyloides turbidus Gilmour 1963: 63 of St. Eustatius. = Paratrypanidius antiguae Gilmour 1963: 15 of Antigua. = Leptostylopsis testaceus (Froelich) 1792: 141 ( Leptostylus ); Gilmour 1963: 59. Literature recordsof Leptostylopsis testaceus (Froelich) 1792: 141 of Dominica (Woodruff et al. 1998: 16, as Leptostylus ) maybe Amniscus (= Leptostyloides ) similis Gahan (Chalumeauand Touroult 2005a: 199) . Distribution. Antigua, Barbados, Bermuda, Désirade, Dominica, Grenada (type locality), Guadeloupe, Guana, Les Saintes, Marie-Galante, Martinique, Puerto Rico, Saba, St. Croix, St. Eustatius , St. Lucia, St. Vincent, Tortola, Virgin Gorda. Mexico , Trinidad; widespread Antillesand Latin America . Notes. In littoral and xerophile forest zones. Host trees: Tabebuia spp. , Delonix regia (Hook.) Raf. , Hippomane mancinella L., Mangifera indica L., Artocarpus altilis (Parkinson) Fosberg , Cecropia spp. , Clusia plukenetii Urban.

Anisopodus dominicensis Villiers 1980d: 467, 1980e: 581 , 1980f: 96; Chemsak et al. 1992: 134. = Lepturges brochieri Chalumeauand Touroult 2004a 193; Chalumeauand Touroult 2005a: 194 (synonymy); Touroult 2012a: 85; Touroultand Poirier 2012: 47. Distribution. Dominica, Martinique; Lesser Antilles endemic. Notes. In hygrophile forest. Plate 42.

Eutrypanus grenadensis Touroult 2014: 84 . sp., det. M. C. Thomas, new species record or new species. Distribution. Grenada *; singleisland endemic.

Lagocheirusaraneiformis (L.) 1767: 625 ( Cerambyx ); Fleutiauxand Sallé 1890: 471; Gahan 1895: 130; Gilmour 1963: 58; Villiers 1980d: 465, 1980e: 564; Chalumeau 1983b: 223; Bennettand Alam 1985: 28; Chalumeauand Touroult 2005a: 213; Valentineand Ivie 2005: 280; Touroult 2007:: 12; Turnbow and Thomas 2008: 20; Wolcott 1951 ; Micheli 2010: 152; Touroult and Poirier 2012: 47; Thomas et al. 2013: 19. Distribution. Bahamas, Caymans, Cuba, Guana, Hispaniola, Jamaica, St. Croix, St. Thomas, The subspecies Lagocheirusaraneiformis guadeloupensis Dillon 1957: 150 is reported in Antigua, Désirade, Guadeloupe, Les Saintes, Marie-Galante, Montserrat, Puerto Rico, Saba, St. Barthélemy, St. Eustatius , St. Martin-St. Maarten, St. John. The subspecies Lagocheirusaraneiformis insulorum Dillon 1957: 150 is distributed in the southern the Lesser Antilles; Bequia, Canouan*, Dominica, Grenada, Martinique, Mayreau*, Mustique, St. Lucia, St. Vincent, Union*. Five other subspecies are elsewhere in the West Indies ( Aruba, Bonaire, Curaçao), USA (FL), Mexico to Panama, and northern South America ; widespread New World. Introduced to Tahiti and Hawaii. Notes. Polyphagous on many tree genera and species, especially Bursera simaruba (L.) Sarg., especially in xerophile zones. The emergence of adult beetles from the tree is through large, conspicuous, circular holes cut through the bark of the host tree “trap-doors”, which are sometimes still attached to the tree. The holes under the bark are feeding chambers and pupation takes place deeper in the tree. Plate 44.

Lagocheirus unicolor Fisher 1947: 38 ; Chalumeau and Touroult 2005a: 216; Dalens and Touroult 2007: 291; Touroult 2012a: 85. Distribution. Barbados; single island endemic. This has been considered a synonym of Lagocheirus araeniformis (L.) but is considered a validspecies by Chalumeau and Touroult (I have seen the types in USNM and have other specimens and agree). Notes. In Barbados it bores stems of avocado and dead or dying sugarcane .

Leptocometes luneli (Chalumeau and Touroult) 2005a: 185 (Tithonius); Monné and Bezark 2011: 206, genus placement); Touroult 2012a: 85. Distribution. St. Vincent; singleisland endemic. Note. In hygrophile forest.

[ Leptostylopsis bidentatus (Fabricius) 1775: 165 , Touroult 2012a: 77, removal from the Lesser Antilles list; name previously wrongly applied to the Antilles.]

Leptostylopsismartinicensis Villiers 1980e: 569, 1980f: 91 ; Chalumeau 1983b: 226; Chalumeauand Touroult 2005a: 200; Touroult 2007:: 11, 12, 2012a: 76, 85; Touroultand Poirier 2012: 47. = Leptostylopsis rogueti Chalumeau 1983b: 227 . Distribution. Martinique, Grenada *, St. Lucia; Lesser Antilles endemic. Notes. In xerophile and hygrophile zone forests; reared from branches of Lonchocarpus punctatus Kunth and Tabernaemontana citrifolia L. and found on Mangifera indica L. and Inga sp. Plate 45.

Leptostylopsis smithi (Gahan) 1895: 132 ( Leptostylus ); Gilmour 1963: 59; Villiers 1980f: 92 (lectotype); Chalumeau 1983b: 226; Chalumeauand Touroult 2005a: 201; Touroult 2012a: 85. Distribution. Bequia, Mayreau*, Mustique, Grenada, St. Vincent, Union; Lesser Antilles endemic. Notes. In xerophile zone forest.

Lithargyrus guadeloupensis (Villiers) 1980f: 89 ; Touroult 2012a: 73 (new combination). = Cometochus guadeloupensis Villiers 1980f: 89, 1980e: 568 ; Chalumeauand Touroult 2005a: 181; Touroult 2012a: 85; erroneously considered to be a genus endemic to the Lesser Antilles. Distribution. Guadeloupe, Saba; Lesser Antilles endemic. Notes. In moist forest zone. Plate 45.

Nealcidion socium (Gahan) 1895: 131 ( Alcidion ); Villiers 1980e: 567, 1980f: 89 (lectotype); Chalumeau and Touroult 2005a: 211. Distribution. Grenada, Martinique, St. Vincent (type locality). Trinidad, Venezuela; the Lesser Antillesand Latin America . Plate 45.

Neseuterpia curvipes Villiers 1980e: 564 ; 1980f: 89; Chalumeau 1983b: 221; Chalumeau and Touroult 2005a: 175; Vitaliand Touroult 2005: 77 (larva); Touroult 2012a: 85. Distribution. Guadeloupe; not Dominica; single island endemic. The record of this species of Dominica (Chalumeau 1983b: 221; Monné and Hovore 2005: 264) is an error (Chalumeau and Touroult 2005a: 175). Notes. In mesophile zone forest. Host tree: Euterpe globosa Gaertn. (= Prestoea montana (R. Graham) Nichols ) palms, in leaf bases. Plate 46.

Neseuterpia deknuydti Chalumeau and Touroult 2005b 155, 2005a: 176; Touroult 2012a: 85. Distribution. Dominica; single island endemic. Notes. In mesophile zone forest. Larva in stems of fallen fronds of Euterpe globosa Gaertn. (= Prestoea montana (R. Graham) Nichols ) palms. Plate 46.

Oedopeza fleutiauxi (Villiers) 1980f: 95 ( Chaetanes ); Villiers 1980c: 467, 1980e: 578; Chemsak et al. 1992: 144; Monné and Hovore 2005: 266; Chalumeau and Touroult 2005a: 183; Vitali 2001: 152 (larva); Touroult 2012a: 76, 85; Touroultand Poirier 2012: 47. Distribution. Dominica, Guadeloupe, Martinique, St. Lucia; Lesser Antilles endemic. Notes. Under bark of Dacryodes excelsa Vahl. Plate 46.

Oedopeza ocellator (Fabricius) 1801: 287 ; Dalens and Touroult 2007: 291; Touroult 2012a: 85. Distribution. Barbados, Cuba; both introduced?; introduced to the Lesser Antilles?; Mexico to Uruguay.

Styloleptoides morazzanii Chalumeau 1983b: 231 , Chalumeau and Touroult 2004: 193, 2005a: 195; Touroult 2012a: 85. Distribution. Désirade, Guadeloupe, Les Saintes, Marie-Galante; Lesser Antilles endemic. Genus endemic to West Indies. Notes. Host plants: Inga ingoides (Richard) Willdenow , Cytharexylum spinosum L., Acacia spp ; in xerophile and hygrophile forests.

Styloleptoides parvulus (Gahan) 1895: 134 ( Leptostylus ); Gilmour 1963: 66; Villiers: 1980f: 93 (lectotype); Chalumeau 1983b: 232; Chalumeauand Touroult 2005a: 197; Touroult 2012a: 85. Distribution. Mustique, Grenada; Lesser Antillesendemic.

Styloleptus inermis (Fabricius) 1801: 293 ( Lamia ); Fleutiaux and Sallé 1890: 472; Gahan 1895: 134 ( Leptostylus ); Ivie 1985a: 315; Chalumeauand Touroult 2005a: 206; Touroult 2012a: 85. = Styloleptus bredini (Chemsak) 1966: 217 ( Leptostylus ); Chalumeau 1983b: 230. Distribution. Antigua, St. Barthélemy?, St. Croix, St. Eustatius; widespread Antillesendemic.

Styloleptus posticalis (Gahan) 1895: 133 ( Leptostylus ); Villiers 1980d: 467, 1980e: 573, 1980f: 93 (lectotype); Chalumeau 1983b: 228, 229; Chalumeauand Touroult 2005a: 204; Touroult 2007: 11, 12; 2012a: 76, 77, 85; Touroultand Poirier 2012: 47. = Styloleptus inermis Fabricius 1801: 293 , Fleutiaux and Sallé 1890: 472 of Guadeloupe. = Styloleptus albosuturalis Villiers 1980c: 467, 1980e: 573 , 1980f: 93; Chalumeau 1983b: 230; Chemsak et al. 1992: 146; Monné and Hovore 2005: 271; Chalumeau and Touroult 2004b: 194 (synonymy). = Styloleptus bonfilsi Villiers 1980e: 575, 1980f: 93 of Guadeloupe; Chalumeau 1983b: 229 as subspecies; Chalumeauand Touroult 2004b: 194 (synonymy). = Leptostylopsis posticalis (Gahan) ; Gilmour 1963: 59. Distribution. Barbados, Bermuda (introduced), Dominica, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Marie-Galante, Martinique, Montserrat, Mustique*, Saba, St. Barthélemy, St. Kitts *, St. Lucia, St. Vincent, Union*; Lesser Antilles endemic. Notes. In forests from mangrove to upper elevations. Polyphagous on many tree genera. Touroult (2004) has reared the species from Inga sp. branches girdled by Oncideres amputator (Fabricius) in Guadeloupe. The several names which have been placed into synonymy demonstrate the variation in the color and setal patches on the individuals. Plate 48.

Trypanidius spilmani Villiers 1980d: 467, 1980e: 577 . 1980f: 95; Chalumeau 1983b: 224; Chemsak et al. 1992: 148; Chalumeauand Touroult 2005a: 209; Touroultand Poirier 2012: 47 Distribution. Nominate subspecies on Dominica, Martinique, St. Lucia; the subspecies Trypanidius spilmani liamaigae Chalumeau 1983b: 225 is on St. Kitts; Lesser Antilles endemic. Notes. In mesophile zone forests. Plate 49.

Urgleptes clarkei Chemsak 1966: 218 ; Chalumeau 1983b: 235; Chalumeau and Touroult 2005a: 189; Touroult 2012a: 85. Distribution. Antigua, Peter Island ( British Virgin Islands); widespread Antilles endemic (on islands on bothsides of the Anageda Channel separating the Lesser and Greater Antilles).

Urgleptes cobbeni Gilmour 1963: 85 ; Villiers 1980e: 580; Chalumeau 1983b: 233; Chalumeau and Touroult 2005a: 188; Dalens and Touroult 2007: 291 (record of Martinique); Touroult 2012a: 85. Distribution. Antigua *, Barbados, Désirade, Guadeloupe, Les Saintes, Marie-Galante, Martinique, Montserrat, Saba, St. Barthélemy, St. Eustatius , St. Kitts*, St. Martin-St. Maarten; Lesser Antillesendemic. Bonaire and Curaçao records are in error. Notes. In xerophile to hygrophile forests; developing in branches of many species of trees.

Urgleptes gahani Chalumeau 1983b: 234 ; Chalumeau and Touroult 2005a: 191; Touroult 2012a: 85. Distribution. St. Vincent; singleisland endemic.

Urgleptes guadeloupensis (Fleutiaux and Sallé) 1890: 472 ( Lepturges ); Gahan 1895: 136; Ramos 1946: 42; Villiers 1980d: 467, 1980e: 579, 1980f: 94 (lectotype); Chalumeau 1983b: 233; Chalumeauand Touroult 2005a: 190; Touroult 2007: 11, 12; Turnbowand Thomas 2008: 22; Touroult 2012a: 85; Touroultand Poirier 2012: 47. Distribution. Bahamas, Barbados, Cuba, Curaçao, Dominica, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Les Saintes, Marie-Galante, Martinique, Mayreau*, Mona, Montserrat, Mustique, Puerto Rico, St. Croix, St. Lucia, St. Vincent, Union*; widespread Antilles endemic. Greater Antilles records are in doubt (Lingafelter in litt., 19 Oct., 2010). Notes. In forests from xerophile to hygrophile zones at 700 m. Polyphagous on many tree genera. Touroult (2004) has reared the species from Inga sp. branches girdled by Oncideres amputator (Fabricius) in Guadeloupe. Plate 49.

Urgleptes leopaulini Touroult 2004a: 66 ; Chalumeau and Touroult 2005a: 192; Touroult 2007:: 12, 2011: 5; Touroult 2012a: 85. Distribution. Grenada * (or near this species), Guadeloupe, Martinique, St. Lucia; Lesser Antillesendemic.

TRIBECYRTININI

Cyrtinus hubbardi Fisher 1926: 38 ; Villiers 1980d: 467, 1980e: 588; Chalumeau and Touroult 2005a: 217; Touroult 2012a: 85. Distribution. Dominica, Guadeloupe, Martinique, Montserrat; Lesser Antilles endemic. Notes. Larvae develop in branches of Inga spp. , Lonchocarpus punctatus Kunth and Acacia spp. in mesophile andhygrophile forests. Touroult (2004) has reared the speciesfrom Inga sp. branches girdled by Oncideres amputator (Fabricius) in Guadeloupe. Plate 43.

Decarthria albofasciata Gahan 1895: 137 ; Villiers 1980f: 97 (lectotype); Chalumeau and Touroult 2005a: 220; Touroult 2012a: 85. Distribution. Grenada ; single island endemic. Genus endemic to West Indies .

Decarthria stephensi Hope 1834: 16 ; Gahan 1895: 138; Villiers 1980e: 589; Chalumeau and Touroult 2005a: 219; Touroult 2012a: 85; Touroultand Poirier 2012: 47. Distribution. Guadeloupe, Les Saintes, Martinique, Montserrat, St. Lucia, St. Vincent (type locality); Lesser Antillesendemic. Notes. Occurring from littoral zone up to 700 m. Develops in branches of Ficus sp. , Rhizophora mangle L., Coccoloba uvifera L. Plate 43.

TRIBECOLOBOTHEINI

Carneadesbicincta Gahan 1890: 393 ; Gahan 1895: 137; Villiers 1980e: 590, 1980f: 97 (lectotype); Chalumeau and Touroult 2005a: 221; Touroult 2012a: 85. Distribution. Guadeloupe; singleisland endemic. Notes. Aspecies of the upper humid forest zone. An undetermined species is on St. Lucia; Touroult 2012a: 85. Plate 42.

Carneades undescribed species, Daltry 2009: 68 (as Carnedes). Distribution. St. Lucia; singleisland endemic.

TRIBECALLIINI

Drycothaea guadeloupensis Fleutiaux and Sallé 1890: 473 ; Gahan 1895: 139; Villiers 1980e: 593. Villiers 1980f: 97 (lectotype); Chalumeauand Touroult 2005a: 224; Touroult 2012a: 85. Distribution. Dominica, Guadeloupe, St. Lucia; Lesser Antilles endemic. Notes. In hygrophile zone forests. Plate 43.

Mesestola brochieri Touroult 2007: 3 ; Touroult 2012a: 85. Distribution. St. Lucia; single island endemic. Genus endemic to West Indies.

Mesestola guadeloupensis Breuning 1980: 70 ; Villiers 1980e: 594; Chalumeau and Touroult 2005a: 225; Touroult 2007:: 12, Daltry 2009: 68; 2012a: 85. Distribution. Guadeloupe, Martinique, St. Lucia; Lesser Antilles endemic. Notes. Occurring in hygrophile forest. Plate 45.

TRIBEHEMILOPHINI

Adesmus chalumeaui Touroult 2004a: 70 ; Chalumeau and Touroult 2005a: 223; Touroult 2012a: 85. Distribution. Martinique; single island endemic. Notes. Taken in upper elevation forest on Cecropia peltata L. leaves.

Adesmus nigriventris (Fleutiaux and Sallé) 1890: 472 ( Amphionycha ); Gahan 1895: 130; Villiers 1980e: 592, 1980f: 97 (lectotype); Chalumeauand Touroult 2005a: 222; Touroult 2012a: 85. Distribution. Guadeloupe; single island endemic. Notes. Adults are a mimic of Photinus spp. firefly beetles in hygrophile forests. Plate 41.