Panopeus rugosus A. Milne-Edwards, 1880

Oliveira-Rogeri, Lucas, França, Nielson Felix Caetano, Peres, Pedro Augusto & Mantelatto, Fernando L., 2023, Cleaning the mud: Integrative approach clarifies the taxonomy of mud crabs of the genus Panopeus H. Milne Edwards, 1834 (Decapoda: Brachyura: Panopeidae) along the Southwestern Atlantic, Zoologischer Anzeiger 307, pp. 96-124 : 105-106

publication ID	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2023.10.001
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10661301
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/324687A3-5F38-4043-FCD7-FA97DF8EF925
treatment provided by	Felipe (2023-12-14 07:30:44, last updated 2024-02-15 00:50:08)
scientific name	Panopeus rugosus A. Milne-Edwards, 1880
status

Treatment

3.7. Panopeus rugosus A. Milne-Edwards, 1880 View in CoL

( Fig. 1G View Fig , 10 View Fig A-L)

Panopeus rugosus A. Milne-Edwards, 1880: 314 View in CoL , pl. 57, Fig. 4 View Fig ; Benedict and Rathbun, 1891: 383; Rathbun, 1900: 15; Rathbun, 1930: 348, pl. 162–163; Rathbun, 1933: 61; Coelho and Ramos, 1972: 190; Abele and Kim, 1986: 51; Melo, 1996: 375; Almeida et al., 2006: 15; Coelho et al., 2008: 34 View Cited Treatment ; Melo, 2008: 11; Ng et al., 2008: 191; Felder et al., 2009: 1082; Marochi and Masunari, 2011: 25; Alves et al., 2012: 945; Thoma et al., 2014: 96; Mantelatto et al., 2020: 76 View Cited Treatment .

3.7.1. Type material

Not available. Possibly lost after the Prussian bombardment of Paris, which hit the museum and its zoology service building ( Milne-Edwards, 1880). Type-locality: Brazil: Bahia.

3.7.2. Material examined

Brazil: Sergipe: 1 female (CW 36.76 mm), MOUFPE 5883 View Materials , Rio Sergipe, iv.1982 . – S˜ao Paulo : 1 male (CW 50.11 mm) and 2 female (CW 41.95 mm and 43.56 mm), CCDB 6488 View Materials , S˜ao Vicente, 14.ii.2011 ; 2 male (CW 51.36 mm and 54.30 mm) and 1 female (CW 36.35 mm), CCDB 736 View Materials , Cananeia, 24 ◦ 59’27.1’’S, 47 ◦ 53’43.3’’W, 30.viii.2011 GoogleMaps ; 1 male (CW 49.3 mm), CCDB 6411 View Materials , Cananeia , 25 ◦ 01’22’’S, 47 ◦ 55’48’’W, 08. xi.2011 GoogleMaps .

3.7.3. Diagnosis

Front developed and remarkably quadrilobed with prominent outer lobes, median sinus deep. Rough dorsal surface of carapace with distinct thick granulation pattern, particularly in the medial (1M, 2M), anterolateral (1L, 2L, 3L, 4L, 5L) and postero-lateral (1 R, 2 R) carapace regions; transverse granulate striations prominent. Anterolateral margin of carapace consisting of five teeth. First inconspicuous and separated by a large and shallow sinus from the second; third tuberculiform, fourth triangular and fifth more similar to a spine than to a tooth. Chelipeds very rough and thick granulated, especially carpus and propodus. Carpal groove parallel to the distal margin of the segment present. Fingers deeply grooved. Pigmented spot on the inner surface of third maxilliped ischium absent. Sternites 3 and 4 with thick and sparse granules. Width of pleonite 6 greater at the distal end than at the proximal end; length: width ratio of pleonite 6 greater than 0.70; socket of pleonal locking mechanism not reaching the half of pleonite 6. Trilobed structure of gonopod apex present. Lateral tooth of first gonopod singular. Vulva more than half the length of the sternite 6; vulva with ovate shape.

3.7.4. Distribution

Western Atlantic – United States (Florida), Gulf of Mexico, Antilles, Caribbean Sea, north of South America and Brazil (Pernambuco, Sergipe, Bahia, S˜ao Paulo, Paran´a, Santa Catarina) ( Marochi and Masunari, 2011; Mantelatto et al., 2020).

3.7.5. Remarks

Although this species is known for being typically estuarine, Almeida et al. (2008) found some specimens in freshwater environment. This record was obtained from the Santana River (14 ◦ 51’07.4"S, 39 ◦ 04’12.8"W), in the Brazilian state of Bahia, which is also the type-locality for the species. Furthermore, the photo of a P. rugosus specimen presented by Almeida et al. (2008, Fig. 9 View Fig , p. 1248) strongly resembles our P. rugosus specimens suggesting that those specimens truly correspond to this species and were not misidentified.

References

Almeida, A. O., Coelho, P. A., Santos, J. T. A., Ferraz, N. R., 2006. Estuarine decapod Crustaceans from Ilh´eus, state of Bahia, Brazil. Biota Neotropica 6, 1 - 24.

Almeida, A. O., Coelho, P. A., Luz, J. R., Santos, J. T. A., Ferraz, N. R., 2008. Decapod crustaceans in fresh waters of southeastern Bahia, Brazil. Rev. Biol. Trop. 56, 1225 - 1254.

Alves, D. F. R., Barros-Alves, S. P., Cobo, V. J., Lima, D. J. M., Fransozo, A., 2012. Checklist of the brachyuran crabs (Crustacea: Decapoda) in the rocky subtidal of Vit´oria Archipelago, southeast coast of Brazil. Check List. 8, 940 - 950.

Benedict, J. E., Rathbun, M. J., 1891. The genus Panopeus. Proc. U. S. Natl. Mus. 14, 355 - 385.

Coelho, P. A., Ramos, M., 1972. A constituictao e a distribuictao da fauna de dec´apodos do litoral leste da America´do Sul entre as latitudes 5 ° N e 39 ° S. Trab. Oceanogr. Univ. Fed. Pernamb. 13, 133 - 236.

Coelho, P. A., Almeida, A. O., Bezerra, L. E. A., 2008. Checklist of the marine and estuarine Brachyura (Crustacea: Decapoda) of northern and northeastern Brazil. Zootaxa 1956 1 - 58.

Felder, D. L., Alvarez´, F., Goy, J. W., Lemaitre, R., 2009. Decapoda (Crustacea) of the Gulf of Mexico, with comments on the amphionidacea. Gulf of Mexico Origin, Waters and Biota 1, 1019 - 1104.

Mantelatto, F. L., Tamburus, A. F., Magalhaes t, T., Buranelli, R. C., Terossi, M., Negri, M., Castilho, A. L., Costa, R. C., Zara, F. J., 2020. Checklist of decapod crustaceans from the coast of the Stao Paulo state (Brazil) supported by integrative molecular and morphological data: III. Infraorder Brachyura Latreille, 1802. Zootaxa 4872, 1 - 108.

Marochi, M. Z., Masunari, S., 2011. The Eriphiidae, Menippidae, Panopeidae and Pilumnidae crabs (Crustacea Brachyura) from shallow waters of the Parana´State coast, Brazil, with pictorial identification key for species. Biota Neotropica 11, 21 - 33.

Melo, G. A. S., 1996. Manual de Identificactao dos Brachyura (Caranguejos e Siris) do Litoral Brasileiro. Plˆeiade / FAPESP, Stao Paulo.

Melo, G. A. S., 2008. The Brachyura (Decapoda) of Ilha Grande bay, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Nauplius 16, 1 - 22.

Milne-Edwards, A., 1880. Reports on the results of dredging, under the supervision of alexander agassiz, in the Gulf of Mexico, and in the Caribbean Sea. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. Harvard Coll. 8, 1 - 68, 1877, ' 78, ' 79, by the United States Coast Survey Steamer ' Blake, ' Lieut. - Commander C. D. Sigsbee, U. S. N., and Commander J. R. Bartlett, U. S. N., commanding. VIII.´Etudes pr´eliminaires sur les Crustac´es.

Ng, P. K. L., Guinot, D., Davie, P. J. F., 2008. Systema Brachyurorum: Part I. An annotated checklist of extant brachyuran crabs of the world. Raffles Bull. Zool. 17, 1 - 286.

Rathbun, M. J., 1900. The decapod and stomatopod Crustacea. I. Results of the Branner- Agassiz Expedition to Brazil. Proc. Wash. Acad. Sci. 2, 133 - 156.

Rathbun, M. J., 1930. The cancroid crabs of America of the families euryalidae, portunidae, atelecyclidae, cancridae and xanthidae. Bull. U. S. Natl. Mus. 152, 1 - 609.

Rathbun, M. J., 1933. Brachyuran crabs of Porto Rico and the Virgin Islands. New York Academy of Sciences 933, 1 - 115.

Saussure, H., 1857. Diagnoses de quelques Crustac´es nouveaux de l' Am´erique tropicale. Rev. Mag. Zool. Pure Apliqu´ee 9, 501 - 505.

Thoma, B. P., Guinot, D., Felder, D. L., 2014. Evolutionary relationships among American mud crabs (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Xanthoidea) inferred from nuclear and mitochondrial markers, with comments on adult morphology. Zool. J. Linn. Soc. 170, 86 - 109.

Figures

Fig. 1. Genus Panopeus H. Milne Edwards, 1834. (A) Panopeus americanus Saussure, 1857 (CCDB 2227; CW = 17.8 mm), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. (B) Panopeus austrobesus Williams, 1983 (CCDB 2240; CW = 13.4 mm), Espírito Santo, Brazil. (C) Panopeus harttii Smith, 1869 (CCDB 2347; CW = 16.1 mm), Cear´a, Brazil. (D) Panopeus lacustris Desbonne in Desbonne & Schramm, 1867 (CCDB 3554; CW =15.3 mm), Bocas del Toro, Panama. (E) Panopeus meridionalis Williams, 1983 (CCDB 6678; CW = 28.5 mm), Maldonado, Uruguay. (F) Panopeus occidentalis Saussure, 1857 (CCDB 2337; CW = 17.8 mm), Cear´a, Brazil. (G) Panopeus rugosus A. Milne-Edwards, 1880 (CCDB 6411; CW = 49.3 mm), S˜ao Paulo, Brazil. Scale bars (mm): A = 8.9; B = 6.7; C = 8; D = 7.6; E = 14.2; F = 4.5; G = 24.6.

Fig. 10. Panopeus rugosus A. Milne-Edwards, 1880. A, D, E, G, H, J =male (CCDB 6411; CW =49.3 mm), S˜ao Paulo, Brazil; B, C, F, I, K, =male (CCDB 0736; CW = 51.36 mm), S˜ao Paulo, Brazil; L =female (MOUFPE 5883; CW 36.76 mm), Sergipe, Brazil. (A) Carapace, dorsal view. (B) Carapace, frontal view. (C) Sixth pleonite, view of the inner surface. (D) Third maxilliped, view of the inner surface. (E) Front, dorsal view. (F) Merus of fourth pereopod, lateral view. (G) Cheliped, outer view. (H) G1 apex, mesial lateral view (coloured image was generated on a stereomicroscope; grayscale image was produced on a CT-scan equipment). (I) Sixth pleonite, view of the external surface. (J) Anterolateral margin of the carapace, dorsal view. (K) Sternites 3 and 4, ventral view. (L) Right vulva. Blue arrow indicates the carpal groove. Scale bars (mm): A = 25; B = 17; C, F, I = 8; D = 5; E = 5.5; F = 6.5; G = 13; H = 0.5; J, K = 12.5; L = 1.5.

Fig. 4. Panopeus americanus Saussure, 1857. A, D, E = syntype male (MHNG 16422), Guadeloupe; B, C, F–H, L-N = male (CCDB 2227; CW = 17.8 mm), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; I =male (CCDB 4445; CW =21.3 mm), Par´a, Brazil; J =male (CCDB 6602; CW =22.6 mm), Maranh˜ao, Brazil; K =female (CCDB 2227; CW =18.2 mm), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. (A) General dorsal view of Panopeus americanus syntype. (B, D) Front, dorsal view. (C, E) Anterolateral margin of the carapace, dorsal view. (F) Cheliped, outer view. (G) Third maxilliped, view of the inner surface. (H) Fourth pereopod, lateral view. (I) G1 apex, mesial lateral view (coloured image was generated on a stereomicroscope; grayscale image was produced on a CT-scan equipment). (J) Carapace, dorsal view. (K) Right vulva. (L) Carapace, frontal view. Blue arrow indicates the carpal groove. (M) Thoracic sternum and pleon, carapace ventral view. (N) Sixth pleonite, view of the inner surface. Scale bars (mm): B, L = 2; C, F = 5.5; G, N = 2; H = 2.5; I = 0.25; J = 11; K = 0.5; L, M = 4.

Fig. 9. Panopeus occidentalis Saussure, 1857. A, B, C =syntype male (MHNG 16428), Guadeloupe; E, G; J =male (CCDB 2337; CW =17.8 mm), Cear´a, Brazil; D, F, H, I, K, M O = male (CCDB 6920; CW = 12.4 mm), Pernambuco, Brazil; L = female (CCDB 7345; CW = 16.1 mm), Pernambuco, Brazil. (A) General dorsal view of Panopeus occidentalis syntype. (B, D) Front, dorsal view. (C, E) Anterolateral margin of the carapace, dorsal view. (F) Cheliped, outer view. (G) Third maxilliped, view of the inner surface. (H) Fourth pereopod, lateral view. (I) G1 apex, mesial lateral view (coloured image was generated on a stereomicroscope; grayscale image was produced on a CT-scan equipment). (J) Carapace, dorsal view. (K) Sixth pleonite, view of the external surface. (L) Right vulva. (M) Carapace, frontal view. (N) Sixth pleonite, view of the inner surface. (O) Sternites 3 and 4, ventral view. Blue arrows indicate the carpal groove. White arrow indicates the pigmented spot on the third maxilliped. Scale bars (mm): D, H = 1.5; E = 6; F, M = 4; G, K, N = 2; I, L = 0.25; J = 4.5; O = 3.