Paraphyllum antennatum Hancock, 1913

Skejo, Josip, Gupta, Sunil Kumar, Chandra, Kailash, Panhwar, Waheed Ali & Franjević, Damjan, 2019, Oriental macropterous leaf-mimic pygmy grasshoppers-genera Oxyphyllum and Paraphyllum (Orthoptera: Tetrigidae) and their taxonomic assignment, Zootaxa 4590 (5), pp. 546-560 : 554-555

Species Paraphyllum antennatum Hancock, 1913

(Figs. 10, 4)

http:// orthoptera .speciesfile.org/Common/basic/Taxa.aspx?TaxonNameID=1100593

Paraphyllum antennata Hancock, 1913: 40 (original description of female holotype from Borneo),

Paraphyllum antennatum, Günther 1938: 322 (included in the key, new record provided),

Paraphyllum antennatum, Blackith 1992: 133 (listed in catalogue of SE Asian Tetrigidae , with literature overview), Paraphyllum antennata, Yin et al. 1996: 893 (listed in catalogue of world Orthoptera ),

Paraphyllum antennatum: Otte 1997: 25 (listed in catalogue),

Paraphyllum antennatum, Tumbrinck 2014: 378 (in revision, assigned to Cladonotinae , photographs of type provided).

Nomenclatural note. Hancock (1913) described the genus Paraphyllum without strictly defining its grammar gender. The type species epitheton is originally in feminine grammar gender ( antennata ). The word ‘paraphyllum’ is compound of Latinized Ancient Greek ‘para’ meaning next to, near, contrary to and ‘fyllon’ (neuter gender in standard dictionaries) meaning leaf. Günther (1938) cited the specific epitheton as of neuter grammar gender ( antennatum ), and all the subsequent authors followed. This is correct in nomenclatural sense. According to the ICZN (1999) Article 30. (30.1.1., 30.1.2. 30.1.3.) a genus-group name that ends in Latin, or Greek word respectivelly, takes the gender given for that word in standard dictionaries. ‘Paraphyllum’ is thus to be treated as a noun of neuter gender because Greek fyllon, Latin phyllum are of neuter gender. Other generic names of Tetrigidae genera ending in -phyllum are neuter ( Acmophyllum , Choriphyllum , Oxyphyllum , Paraphyllum , Trypophyllum , Xerophyllum ), and this should not be exception. The correct name is thus Paraphyllum antennatum , instead of Paraphyllum antennata .

Material examined. Museum material. 1♀ (macropronotal) holotype MALAYSIA: Borneo: Sarawak: Penrissen Mt. about 1000 m a.s.l. [approximately 1.1167N, 110.2167E], Leg. unknown V.1899. (labelled Paraphyllum antennata ) det. J.L. Hancock ( ANSP, published in Hancock 1913, photos of holotype available in high resolution in OSF) ; 1♀ (macropronotal) + 2♂♂ (macropronotal and brachypronotal—Fig. 1O) MALAYSIA: Sabah: Kinabalu NP (road in primeval forest) 1000–1800 m [approximatelly 6.029N, 116.550E], Leg. S. Ingrisch 5.-7.VIII.1984. Det. J. Tumbrinck ( CJT). Online social media . 1♀ (macropronotal) MALAYSIA: Sabah: Trusmadi Mt. 1000 m a.s.l. 1.IV.2011. [approximately 5.71N, 116.42E] (link to the photography in Flickr: https:// www.flickr.com/photos/botalex/5641276873) Photo credit: S. Yakovlev ( Fig. 4.A ) ; 1♂ (brachypronotal) MALAYSIA Sabah: Trusmadi Mt. 1000 m a.s.l. [approximately 5.71N, 116.42E] 2007. (link to the photograph in Flickr: https://www.flickr.com/photos/botalex/4167684930/in/gallery-dominikhofer-72157632707082855/) Photograph credit: A. Sochivko ( Fig. 4.B ) det. J. Skejo ; 1♂ (brachypronotal) MALAYSIA: Sarawak: Pulong Tau NP: Murud Mt. [approximately 3.929N, 115.333E] Photograph credit: C. Lee (link to the photograph in AgeFotoStock https://www.agefotostock.com/age/en/ Stock-Images / Rights-Managed /MPC-00451038/1) and also A. Yin ( Fig. 4.C ) (link to the photograph in Flickr https://www.flickr.com/photos/fotosynthesys/16524051621/) det. J. Skejo ; 1♀ (mesopronotal) MALAYSIA: Sarawak: Bario 1000 m a.s.l. [approximately 3.742N, 115.469E] 6.IV.2017. Photograph credit: M. Candal (link to the photograph in Flickr: https://www.flickr.com/photos/ 84942480@N03/33810198241/) det. J. Skejo ; 1♀ (brachypronotal) MALAYSIA: Sabah: Tambunan: Gunung Alab 1900 m a.s.l. [approximately 5.83N, 116.34139E] Photograph credit: Teresa Pegan ( Fig. 4.D ) (link to the photograph in iNaturalist: https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/13728964) det. J. Skejo.

Notes. The female holotype was the only published specimen for this species. More specimens (not examined by us) are likely deposited in museums, since Blackith (1992) reported pronotum (PL) and hind femur (HF) lengths for a female holotype (PL 17.0 mm, HF 8.0 mm) and a male specimen (PL 14.50 mm, HF 7.20 mm). However, Blackith (1992) did not provide any information on this male specimen. The female holotype is deposited in The Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University (formerly Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia), USA, not in the Sarawak museum, as reported by Blackith (1992). Here we re-describe the species.

Figures

FIGURE 4. Paraphyllum antennatum Hancock, 1909 in natural habitats. Photos of professional photographers found in onlinesocial media (Flickr, iNaturalist). A. Macropronotal female from Mt. Trusmadi (photo S. Yakovlev), B. Brachypronotal malefrom Mt. Trusmadi (photo A. Sochivko). C. Brachypronotal male from Mt. Murud (photo A. Yin). D. Mesopronotal female from Mt. Alab (photo T. Pegan). Photos reproduced with permission.