Simulium tuberosum (Lundstrom, 1911)

Adler, Peter H. & Crosskey, Roger W., 2015, Cytotaxonomy of the Simuliidae (Diptera): a systematic and bibliographic conspectus, Zootaxa 3975 (1), pp. 1-139 : 93-97

TUBEROSUM species-group

Simulium annulitarse Zetterstedt Adler & Kuusela (1994 , characterization, note on B chromosomes, partial resolution relative to S. tuberosum group standard; as S. tuberosum ‘FGIO cytospecies’): Finland

Simulium appalachiense Adler, Currie & Wood

Landau (1962, characterization; drawings of IS, IL, and IIS polymorphisms; idiogram of IIS; inversions mapped; resolution relative to S. tuberosum group standard; as S. tuberosum ‘CDE sibling’): Canada

Mason (1982, characterization, inversion breakpoints, new cytoform recognized [‘CDE-2’]; as S. tuberosum ‘CDE’ and ‘CDE-2’): Canada, USA

Mason (1984, characterization, cytoforms ‘CDE’ and ‘CDEM’ [= ‘CDE-2’] recognized as one species, idiograms of IIS, photo of sex chromosomes [IIS]; as ‘CDE tuberosum ’ and ‘CDEM tuberosum ’): Canada, USA

Adler & Kim (1986, idiogram of IIS; as S. tuberosum cytospecies ‘CDE’ and ‘CDEM’): USA

Adler, Currie & Wood (2004, chromosomal characters in larval key, formal name for Landau’s 1962 S. tuberosum ‘CDE’ and Mason’s 1982 S. tuberosum ‘CDE-2’): North America

Simulium chromocentrum Adler, Currie & Wood

Adler, Currie & Wood (2004, characterization, original description of species, resolution relative to S. tuberosum group standard): USA

Simulium conundrum Adler, Currie & Wood

Zimring (1953, idiogram; as S. tuberosum [in part]): Canada

Landau (1962, characterization, idiogram of IIS, inversions mapped, resolution relative to S. tuberosum group standard; as S. tuberosum ‘FGH sibling’): Canada

Mason (1982, inversion breakpoints; as S. tuberosum ‘FGH’): USA

Mason (1984, hybrids with S. vandalicum [as ‘FG’], notes on sex chromosomes; as ‘FGH tuberosum ’): Canada, USA

Adler & Kim (1986, idiogram of IIS; as S. tuberosum ‘cytospecies FGH’): USA

McCreadie, Adler & Colbo (1995, inversions mapped, photo of partial IIS, Y-chromosome polymorphisms; as S. tuberosum ‘FGH’): Canada

Adler, Currie & Wood (2004, chromosomal characters in larval key, formal name for Landau’s 1962 S. tuberosum ‘FGH’, possible sibling species, Y-chromosome polymorphisms): North America

Simulium doipuiense Takaoka & Choochote

Tangkawanit (2008, characterization; idiogram; inversions mapped; new cytoforms recognized [‘A’ and ‘B’]; photos of IIIL, polymorphisms, and polytene complement; resolution relative to S. tuberosum group standard and Simulium subgeneric standard): Thailand

Tangkawanit, Kuvangkadilok, Baimai & Adler (2009, characterization, idiogram, inversions mapped, new cytoforms recognized [‘A’ and ‘B’], photo of IIIL, resolution relative to S. tuberosum group standard and Simulium subgeneric standard): Thailand

Simulium janzeni Enderlein

Kunze (1953, description, low-magnification photos of polytene complement; as Simulium ‘sp 4’): Austria

Adler & Kuusela (1994, characterization, partial resolution relative to S. tuberosum group standard): Germany

Simulium manooni Takaoka & Choochote

Tangkawanit (2008, characterization, idiogram, inversions mapped, photos of IIIL and polymorphism, resolution relative to S. tuberosum group standard and Simulium subgeneric standard; as ‘Unknown species 1’): Thailand

Tangkawanit, Kuvangkadilok, Baimai & Adler (2009, characterization, idiogram, inversions mapped, resolution relative to S. tuberosum group standard and Simulium subgeneric standard; as ‘Unknown species 1’): Thailand

Simulium perissum Dyar & Shannon

Landau (1962, characterization, hybrid with S. tuberosum ‘A’, idiogram of IIS, IIS inversions mapped, resolution relative to S. tuberosum group standard; as S. tuberosum ‘CKL sibling’): Canada

Mason (1982, confirmation as distinct species, inversion breakpoints; as S. tuberosum ‘CKL’): USA

Mason (1984, hybrid with S. tuberosum [as ‘AB tuberosum ’], notes on sex chromosomes; as ‘CKL tuberosum ’): USA

Adler & Kim (1986, idiogram of IIS; as S. tuberosum ‘cytospecies CKL’): USA

Adler, Currie & Wood (2004, chromosomal characters in larval key, hybrid with S. tuberosum ‘cytotype A’, note on Y-chromosome polymorphisms, recognition of Landau’s 1962 S. tuberosum ‘CKL’ as S. perissum ): North America

Simulium ramosum Puri

Dey & Fumafartosok (1984b, description, idiogram, lengths, and photos of metaphase complement): India

Simulium rufibasis Brunetti

Kuvangkadilok, Boonkemtong & Phayuhasena (1998, low-resolution photos of C-banded and orcein-stained polytene chromosomes [II and III reversed]): Thailand

Kuvangkadilok, Phayuhasena & Boonkemtong (1999, description, photos of polytene chromosomes [lowmagnification, II and III reversed] and IIS [as IIIS], polytene chromosome relative lengths): Thailand

Tangkawanit (2008, characterization; idiogram; inversions mapped; photos of IS, IIL, IIIS, polymorphism, and polytene complement; resolution relative to S. tuberosum group standard and Simulium subgeneric standard): Thailand

Tangkawanit, Kuvangkadilok, Baimai & Adler (2009, characterization; idiogram; inversions mapped; photos of IS, IIL, and IIIS; resolution relative to S. tuberosum group standard and Simulium subgeneric standard): Thailand

Simulium setsukoae Takaoka & Choochote

Tangkawanit (2008, characterization, idiogram, inversions mapped, photo of polytene complement, resolution relative to S. tuberosum group standard and Simulium subgeneric standard): Thailand

Tangkawanit, Kuvangkadilok, Baimai & Adler (2009, characterization, idiogram, inversions mapped, resolution relative to S. tuberosum group standard and Simulium subgeneric standard): Thailand

Simulium suzukii Rubtsov (complex)

Huang & Adler (2011, characterization; inversions mapped; photos of IS, IIL [partial], and IIIL [including sex chromosomes]; resolution relative to S. tuberosum group standard and Simulium subgeneric standard): Taiwan

Adler, Huang, Reeves, Kim, Otsuka, & Takaoka (2013, characterization; chromosomal phylogeny; inversions mapped; new cytoforms recognized [‘A’ through ‘D’]; photos of B chromosomes, IS, IL, IIS, IIIS, and IIIL [including sex chromosomes]; origin of Okinawan population; probable sibling species; resolution relative to S. tuberosum group standard and Simulium subgeneric standard): Japan (including Okinawa), Korea

Simulium tani Takaoka & Davies (complex)

Pramual, Kuvangkadilok, Baimai & Walton (2005, new cytoforms recognized [‘A’ and ‘B’]): Thailand

Pramual (2006, cytoforms [‘A’ and ‘B’] characterized, description, polymorphisms): Thailand

Tangkawanit (2008, characterization; chromosomal phylogeny; idiogram; inversions mapped; new cytoforms recognized [‘A’ through ‘I’]; photos of B chromosomes, IL, IIS, IIIL, polymorphisms, and polytene complement; resolution relative to S. tuberosum group standard and Simulium subgeneric standard): Thailand

Tangkawanit, Kuvangkadilok, Baimai & Adler (2009, B chromosomes; characterization; idiogram; inversions mapped; new cytoforms recognized [‘A’ through ‘J’; ‘J’ later moved to S. suzukii by Adler, Huang, Reeves, Kim, Otsuka, & Takaoka (2013)]; photos of IL, IIS, and IIIL; resolution relative to S. tuberosum group standard and Simulium subgeneric standard): China, Thailand

Adler, Huang, Reeves, Kim, Otsuka, & Takaoka (2013, characterization; chromosomal phylogeny; inversions mapped; new cytoforms recognized [‘K’ and ‘L’]; photos of IS, IIL [partial], and IIIL [including sex chromosomes]; probable sibling species; resolution relative to S. tuberosum group standard and Simulium subgeneric standard): Malaysia, Taiwan

Simulium tuberosum (Lundström)

NOTE: The identity of the species treated as Archesimulium tuberosum by Chubareva & Petrova (2004, 2006, 2008a) is uncertain, but it is not S. tuberosum or any other member of the S. tuberosum group.

Zimring (1953, idiogram, photos of CI and CII regions and portions of all chromosomes, polytene chromosome relative lengths; as S. tuberosum [in part]): Canada

Zimring (1956, note on recognition of S. tuberosum s. l. as species complex of 4 or 5 sibling species): Canada

Landau (1962, characterization, drawings of all chromosomes and IS and IIIS polymorphisms, idiogram of IIS, inversions mapped, resolution relative to S. tuberosum group standard; as S. tuberosum ‘AB sibling’): Canada

Rothfels, Feraday & Kaneps (1978, notes on partial resolution relative to Simulium subgeneric standard, selected inversions mapped): North America

Rothfels (1979, cytodendrogram, note on B chromosomes): North America

Mason in Rothfels (1981a, note on sex chromosomes): Norway

Mason (1982, characterization, inversion breakpoints, new cytoforms recognized [‘A’ and ‘ Y 2’]; as S. tuberosum ‘A’, ‘AB’, and ‘ Y 2’): Canada, Norway, USA

Mason (1984, characterization, hybrid with S. perissum [as ‘CKL tuberosum ’], idiogram of IIS, interbreeding of cytoforms ‘A’ and ‘AB’; as ‘A tuberosum ’ and ‘AB tuberosum ’): Canada, USA

Adler (1986, hybrid with S. vandalicum [as ‘cytospecies FG’], note on B chromosomes; as S. tuberosum ‘cytospecies AB’): Canada

Adler & Kim (1986, idiogram of IIS; as S. tuberosum cytospecies ‘A’ and ‘AB’): USA

Shipp & Procunier (1986, note on sex chromosomes; as ‘FG/FG cytotype’): Canada

Adler & Kuusela (1994, characterization, hybrid with S. vulgare [as ‘FGI’], note on sex chromosomes; as S. tuberosum ‘AB cytospecies’): Finland

Adler, Currie & Wood (2004, chromosomal characters in larval key, hybrids with S. perissum and S. vandalicum , recognition of Landau’s 1962 ‘AB sibling’ and Mason’s 1982 S. tuberosum ‘A’ and ‘ Y 2’ as S. tuberosum s. str., status of cytotypes ‘A’ and ‘AB’): North America

Chubareva & Petrova (2004, notes on B chromosomes and general polytene features, polytene chromosome lengths): Russia

Chubareva & Petrova (2006, description of B chromosomes, photos of B chromosomes and metaphase complement): Russia

Post, Krüger & Somiari (2006b, note on laser microdissection of polytene chromosomes for molecular analysis): USA

Chubareva & Petrova (2008a, description, photos of B chromosomes and metaphase and polytene complements, polytene chromosome lengths): Russia

Simulium twinni Stains & Knowlton

Mason (1984, note on sex chromosomes, photo of sex chromosomes [IIIL]; as ‘ tuberosum FG’ [in part: western FG/FG individuals]): Canada, USA

Adler, Currie & Wood (2004, characterization of IIS arm, note on B chromosomes): Canada, USA

Simulium ubiquitum Adler, Currie & Wood

Adler, Currie & Wood (2004, characterization, original description of species, partial resolution relative to S. tuberosum group standard): USA

Simulium vandalicum Dyar & Shannon

Zimring (1953, idiogram, photo of partial II; as S. tuberosum [in part]): Canada

Landau (1962, characterization, drawings of IS and IIS and IS and IIIS polymorphisms, idiogram of IIS, inversions mapped, resolution relative to S. tuberosum group standard; as S. tuberosum ‘FG sibling’): Canada

Mason (1982, inversion breakpoints, Y-chromosome polymorphism; as S. tuberosum ‘FG’): Canada, USA

Mason (1984, description of sex chromosomes, hybrids with S. conundrum [as ‘FGH tuberosum ’], photo of sex chromosomes [IIS]; as ‘FG tuberosum ’): Canada, USA

Adler (1986, hybrid with S. tuberosum [as ‘cytospecies AB’]; notes on B chromosomes, sex chromosomes, and triploid individual; as S. tuberosum ‘cytospecies FG’): Canada

Adler & Kim (1986, idiogram of IIS; as S. tuberosum ‘cytospecies FG’): USA

Adler, Currie & Wood (2004, chromosomal characters in larval key, hybrid with S. tuberosum ‘cytotype AB’, possible sibling species, recognition of Landau’s 1962 S. tuberosum ‘FG’ as S. vandalicum, Ychromosome polymorphisms): Canada, USA

Simulium vulgare Dorogostaisky, Rubtsov & Vlasenko

Mason (1982, characterization; drawing of IIS; inversions mapped; notes on comparison with Simulium subgeneric standard; photos of IS, IL, and IIS; resolution relative to S. tuberosum group standard; as S. tuberosum ‘FGI’): Norway, USA

Mason (1984, notes on B chromosomes and inversions; as ‘FGI tuberosum ’): Canada, USA

Adler (1986, note on polymorphism): Canada

Adler & Kuusela (1994, characterization, hybrid with S. tuberosum [as ‘AB’], note on B chromosomes, recognition of Mason’s 1982 S. tuberosum ‘FGI’ as S. vulgare ; as S. tuberosum ‘FGI cytospecies’): Finland

Simulium weji Takaoka

Tangkawanit (2008, characterization, idiogram, inversions mapped, photo of polytene complement, resolution relative to S. tuberosum group standard and Simulium subgeneric standard): Thailand

Tangkawanit, Kuvangkadilok, Baimai & Adler (2009, characterization, idiogram, inversions mapped, resolution relative to S. tuberosum group standard and Simulium subgeneric standard): Thailand

Simulium yuphae Takaoka & Choochote

Tangkawanit (2008, characterization; idiogram; inversions mapped; photos of IL, IIS, IIIL, polymorphisms, and polytene complement; resolution relative to S. tuberosum group standard and Simulium subgeneric standard): Thailand

Tangkawanit, Kuvangkadilok, Baimai & Adler (2009, characterization; idiogram; inversions mapped; photos of IL, IIS, and IIIL; resolution relative to S. tuberosum group standard and Simulium subgeneric standard): Thailand

Simulium ‘Unknown species 2’ Tangkawanit, Kuvangkadilok, Baimai & Adler

Tangkawanit (2008, characterization, idiogram, inversions mapped, photo of polytene complement, resolution relative to S. tuberosum group standard and Simulium subgeneric standard): Thailand

Tangkawanit, Kuvangkadilok, Baimai & Adler (2009, characterization, idiogram, inversions mapped, resolution relative to S. tuberosum group standard and Simulium subgeneric standard): Thailand

Simulium ‘unnamed’ Adler & Kuusela

Adler & Kuusela (1994, characterization, partial resolution relative to S. tuberosum group standard): Britain ( England)