Canthon (Peltecanthon) staigi ( Pereira, 1953 )

Nunes, Luis Gabriel de O. A., Nunes, Rafael V. & Vaz-De, Fernando Z., 2020, Taxonomic revision of the South American subgenus Canthon (Peltecanthon) Pereira, 1953 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Deltochilini), European Journal of Taxonomy 594, pp. 1-27 : 4-9

Canthon (Peltecanthon) staigi ( Pereira, 1953)

Figs 1–2

Peltecanthon staigi Pereira, 1953: 396 , 399, figs 2–12 (description).

Canthon smaragdulus [error] – Costa Lima 1953: 23, fig. 12 (catalogue).

Peltecanthon staigi – Pereira & Martínez 1956: 98 (species list) — Martínez 1959: 26 (catalogue) — Vulcano & Pereira 1964: 573 (catalogue) — Halffter & Martínez 1967: 80 (monograph) — Cupello & Vaz-de-Mello 2018: 18.

Canton (Peltecanthon) staigi – Halffter & Martínez 1977: 75 (taxonomic remarks) — Medina et al.

2003: 29–30, 34–35, 38–39, 42–43, 45–47, 50, 52, 54, 57, 64, 66 — Vaz-de-Mello et al. 2011: 52, fig. 31

(key) — Cupello & Vaz-de-Mello 2018: 46 — Vaz-de-Mello & Cupello 2018a: 46.

Diagnosis

In the subgenus, Canthon staigi can be distinguished by the following combination of characters. Dorsally elytra and pronotum with blue or green colouration and blue and green reflections ( Fig. 1A ). Metafemora with several punctures at base, with no groove ( Fig. 1B ). Hypomere with thin transverse carina between the anterior and posterior portions, projecting to the median region, anterior region not excavated ( Fig. 1C ). Propygidium with strong V-shaped carina between pygidium and propygidium ( Fig. 1D ). Parameres flattened in lateral view ( Fig. 2A ); truncated apex, sub-straight, never sinuous; slightly rounded upper angle; straight lower angle. In dorsal view ( Fig. 2B ): membranous portion separates the parameres, wider in the central region and narrower at the base and apex. Internal sac ( Fig. 2 C–D) with peripheral fronto-lateral sclerite (FLP) involving axial sclerite (A), both structures forming a complex with a central duct, wider at the base, gradually narrowing toward the apex, which is much finer; subaxial sclerite (SA) lateral to the FLP + A complex; peripheral medial sclerite (MP) lateral in relation to FLP + A, this with the sharper part passing within a semiduct formed by MP; MP with a central denticle at the inner margin ( Fig. 2C ); superior right peripheral sclerite (SRP) circular and with semi-circular lateral prolongation.

Material examined

Holotype BRAZIL • ♂, holotype of Peltecanthon staigi ( Pereira, 1953) ; 1 (red label, black border) “HOLOTIPO” / 2 (white label, black margins) “ Espirito Santo, Col. Mutum, 16849” / 3 (white label, black margins) “ Canthon smaragdulus ♂, Lüd. det. 14” / 4 (white label, black margins) “ Peltecanthon staigi , gen. sp. n. ♂, P. Pereira det. 953” / 5 (white label) “05536 MZSP ”.

Other material (630 specs)

BRAZIL – Alagoas • 2 ♂♂; Ibateguara, Coimbra ; 10 Nov. 2007; B.K.C. Figueiras leg.; “fezes”; CEMT • 3 ♂♂, 1 ♀; Ibateguara, Encanamento ; 16 Jan. 2008; B.K.C. Figueiras leg.; “fezes”; CEMT • 8 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀; same collection data as for preceding; “carcaça”; CEMT • 2 ♂♂, 1 ♀; Ibateguara, Cachoeira ; 20 Feb. 2008; B.K.C. Figueiras leg.; “fezes”; CEMT • 1 ♀; União dos Palmares ; Jun. 1998; CEMT • 1 ♂; Rio Largo ; 7 May 2018; Pedro leg; CEMT . – Pernambuco • 1 ♂; Caruaru, Parque Ecológico João Vasconcelos Sobrinho ; 6 Nov. 2007; D. Cavalcante et al. leg.; “Mata Atlântica”; pitfall TD/2F 22Z; CEMT. – Bahia • 2 ♂♂, 1 ♀; Senhor do Bonfim, Serra de Santana II; 40º12′31″ W, 10º23′59″ S; 24 Jan. 2006; P.P. Lopes leg.; “isca indet.” (F/C); CEMT • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Lençois, 4 km NW de Lençois e Pai Inácio ; 22–24 Oct. 1999; Freddy e Mazzarolo leg.; CEMT • 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀; Boa Nova, Mata de Cipó I; 40º15.004′ W, 14º19.697′ S; 4 Sep. 2014; J. Maciel et al. leg.; pitfall; “fezes humanas”; CEMT • 2 ♂♂; Mata de Cipó II; 40º12.368′ W, 14º21.006′ S; 4 Sep. 2014; J. Maciel et al. leg.; pitfall; “fezes humanas”; CEMT • 29 ♂♂, 13 ♀♀; Itabuna, CEPLAC, Cabruca ; 7 Jan. 2003; M. Santos leg.; CEMT • 14 ♂♂, 9 ♀♀; same collection data as for preceding; 10 Jan. 2003; CEMT • 2 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀; Itapetinga ; 39º57′54″ W, 15º15′50″ S; 280 m a.s.l.; Dec. 2011; Parc 62; pitfall; C.M.P. Leite leg., CEMT • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; Parc 01; CEMT • 18 ♂♂, 5 ♀♀; Itapetinga ; 39º55′52″ W, 15º15′51″ S; Dec. 2011; C.M.P. Leite leg.; CEMT • 4 ♂♂, 1 ♀; Itambé, Faz, Independência , Mata Seca ; 39º34′08″ W, 15º42′39″ S; 245 m a.s.l.; 5 Feb. 2009; J.G. Mota-Souza leg.; human faeces; CEMT • 2 ♂♂; Prado ; 39º13′23″ W, 17º17′43″ S; Jan. 2007; L. Vieira leg.; CEMT . – Minas Gerais • 1 ♂; Açucena ; Feb. 1950;A. B. Machado leg.; CEMT • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; Feb. 1952; CEMT • 3 ♀♀; Ipatinga ; Nov. 1991; E. Grossi leg.; CEMT • 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; Dec. 1987; CEMT • 1 ♀; Marliéria, Parque Estadual do Rio Doce ; 41º32′ W, 19º39′ S; 12 Jun. 1994; M.F. Vasconcelos leg.; “mata”; “coletado em fezes na trilha do vinhático”; nº de Registro M.F. Vasconcelos 031; CEMT • 1 spec.; Matipeo ; Jul. 1919; CEAH . – Espirito Santo • 26 ♂♂, 32 ♀♀; Linhares, Res. Nat. Vale , PPBio; 39º55′34″ W, 19º10′9″ S; 13 May 2016; F. Cassar leg.; pitfall human faeces, PT50 and PT200 F1500; CEMT • 18 ♂♂, 12 ♀♀; same collection data as for preceding; 39º56′8″ W, 19º10′10″ S; pitfall human faeces, PT0 F2500; CEMT • 46 ♂♂, 32 ♀♀; same collection data as for preceding; 39º58′52″ W, 19º6′17″ S; 10 Apr. 2016; pitfall human faeces, PT50, PT100, PT150, PT200 and PT250 I500; CEMT • 39 ♂♂, 50 ♀♀; same collection data as for preceding; 40º0′27″ W, 19º8′44″ S; 16 Apr. 2016; pitfall human faeces, PT0, and PT150 O500; CEMT • 18 ♂♂, 17 ♀♀; same collection data as for preceding; 39º57′42″ W, 19º13′5″ S; 22 Jul. 2016; pitfall human faeces, PT0 and PT50 B2950; CEMT • 5 ♂♂, 1 ♀; Cachoeiro de Itapemirim ; 5 Jan. 1991; J.C.N. Louzada leg.; CEMT • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Cachoeiro de Itapemirim, Itabira ; 8 Jul. 1995; J.C.N. Louzada leg.: CEMT • 1 ♀; Linhares, Reserva Natural Vale , PPBio; 39º57′52″ W, 19º06′18″ S; 25 Jul. 2016; F. Cassar leg.; pitfall human faeces; CEMT • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; 39º58′27″ W, 19º06′18″ S; 10 Apr. 2016; CEMT • 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; 40º5′8″ W, 19º17′45″ S; 9 Jun. 2012; R.C. Lima leg.; “arm. de solo c/ isca fezes”; CEMT • 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; 1 Jul. 2012; CEMT • 3 ♂♂; same collection data as for preceding; 6 Aug. 2012; CEMT • 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀; same collection data as for preceding; 9 Sep. 2012; CEMT • 3 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀; same collection data as for preceding; 14 Oct. 2012; CEMT • 1 spec.; Linhares, Fazenda Caliman ; 23–31 Jan. 2000; S. Ide leg.; CEAH • 1 ♀; Fazenda, Lagoa do Macacu ; 39º58′43″ W, 19º3′50″ S; 10 m a.s.l.; 25 Jan. 2000; F. Génier and S. Ide leg.; prim. lowland atlantic for.; sandy, ex. dung tp 1, day 1, FG 2000-25; CEMT • 1 ♀; Regência, Reserva Biológica de Comboios ; 39º53′5″ W, 19º39′57″ S; Jan. 2007; L. Vieira leg.; CEMT • 3 ♂♂; Matataízes ; Jan. 2007; L Vieira leg.; CEMT • 26 ♂♂; 8 ♀♀; Marataízes ; Dec. 1998; J.C.N. Louzada leg.; CEMT . – Rio de Janeiro • 2 ♂♂; Cachoeiras de Macacu, Bacia Guapi-Macacu 42º50′6.99″ W, 22º31′21.72″; Apr. 2016; P.D. Tavares and T. Carvalho leg.; “isca humana e suína”; CEMT • 2 ♂♂, 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; 42º51′29.64″ W, 22º29′44.76″ S; Rosi 6; CEMT • 4 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀; same collection data as for preceding; 42º52′12.84″ W, 22º35′18.3″ S;, Seb 8; CEMT • 3 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀; same collection data as for preceding; 42º50′11.94″ W, 22º32′6.2″ S; Frag. 33; CEMT • 4 ♂♂, 4 ♀♀; same collection data as for preceding; 42º44′31.97″ W, 22º32′14.81″ S; Frag. 42 e 43; CEMT • 2 specs; Oct. 1928; CEAH • 2 ♂♂; Floresta da Tijuca ; Nov. 1999; A. C. Araujo leg.; CEMT • 1 ♂; Floresta da Tijuca ; 43º17′58″ W, 22º56’57″ S; Dec. 1989; E. Grossi leg.; CEMT • 1 ♂; Jardim Botânico ; 43º13′32″ W, 22º57′50″ S; Nov. 1990; F.Z. Vaz-de-Mello leg.; CEMT • 4 ♂♂; same collection data as for preceding; Dec. 1992; CEMT • 2 ♂♂; same collection data as for preceding; Feb. 1995; CEMT • 4 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀; Parque Lage ; 43º12′46″ W, 22º57′40″ S; Feb. 1992; F.Z. Vaz-de-Mello leg.; CEMT • 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; 11 Sep. 1990; Colibella leg.; CEMT • 1 ♀; Jacarepaguá ; 43º24′59″ W, 22º56′58″ S; Nov. 1990; F.Z. Vaz-de-Mello leg.; CEMT • 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; Dec. 1993; P. Juliani leg.; CEMT • 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; Feb. 1994; P. Juliani leg.; CEMT • 3 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀; Jacarepaguá ; 18 Nov. 1990; P. Juliani leg.; CEMT • 1 ♂; Marapendi ; 43º23′ W, 23º1′ S; Nov. 1987; Hugo leg.; CEMT • 1 ♂; Parque da Cidade ; 43º14′48″ W, 22º58′39″ S; Oct. 1991; F.Z. Vaz-de-Mello leg.; CEMT • 6 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀; Restinga da Marambaia ; 43º59′ W, 23º3′ S; 19 Feb. 2010; W. Beiroz leg.; CEMT • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Cabo Frio ; Jan. 1991; F.Z. Vaz-de-Mello leg.; CEMT • 3 ♂♂, 1 ♀; Cabo Frio ; Jan. 1990; E. Grossi leg.; CEMT • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Ilha de Cabo Frio ; 27 Jan. 1984; Carvalho, Sampaio and Kosawa leg.; CEMT • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Itaguai ; Jan. 1996; S.L. Pinto leg.; CEMT • 3 ♂♂; Mangaratiba, Parque Estadual do Rio das Pedras ; Jun. 1999; D.M. Takiya leg.; CEMT • 1 ♂; Miguel Pereira ; Dec. 1995; J. Carlos leg.; CEMT • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; Mar. 2001; CEMT • 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; Dec. 2009; CEMT • 1 ♂; Rio das Ostras, Fazenda Renato Franco ; 26 May 2012; J. Multani leg.; CEMT • 7 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀; Guapimirim , PARNA Serra dos Órgãos; 22º31′27″ S, 43º0′2″ W; 150 m a.s.l.; 18 Dec. 2014; C. Araújo and R. Andrade leg.; pitfall; CEMT • 6 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀; same collection data as for preceding; 22º31′49″ S, 43º0′4″ W; 100 m a.s.l.; CEMT • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; 22º29′41″ S, 43º0′8″ W; 400 m a.s.l.; CEMT • 1 ♂, 3 ♀♀; [Mangaratiba], Itacuraça [Itacuruça]; 20 Jul.1982; CEMT . – São Paulo • 1 ♂; Picinguaba ; 10 Dec. 1999; Takiya leg.; CEMT • 9 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀; Caraguatatuba, P.E. Serra do Mar, Núcleo Caraguatatuba ; 23º35′27″ S, 45º25′18″ W; 13 Jan. 2012; E. Bovy leg.; human faeces; CEMT • 2 ♀♀; Caraguatatuba, P.E. Serra do Mar ; 23º35′28″ S, 45º25′22″ W; 13 Jan. 2012; E. Bovy leg.; human dung; CEMT • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; 23º35’25″ S, 45º25’17″ W; human faeces; CEMT • 4 ♂♂, 7 ♂♂; same collection data as for preceding; Núcleo Caraguatatuba ; 23º35′30″ S, 45º25′24″ W; CEMT • 2 ♀♀; same collection data as for preceding; 23º35′24″ S, 45º25′15″ W; CEMT • 1 ♀; Ilha da Vitória [Ilhabela]; 16–27 Mar. 1964; Exp. Dep. Zool. leg.; CEMT • 7 ♂♂, 4 ♀♀; Bertioga, RPPN Sesc ; 23º49′17″ S, 46º07′11″ W; 16 m a.s.l.; Aug. 2014; R.V. Nunes leg.; restinga forest; pitfall hum. faec.; CEMT • 6 ♂♂; Bertioga, RPPN Sesc ; 23º49′17″ S, 46º07′20″ W; 16 Dec. 2014; R.V. Nunes leg.; gleba, carrion; CEMT • 1 spec.; São Vicente ; Dec. 1935; CEAH . – Paraná • 1 ♂; Maringá, Aeroporto de Maringá ; 14 Dec. 2001; A. Bello leg.; CEMT • 1 ♂; Paranaguá, ParNa do Superagui ; 25º27′37.7″ S, 48º13′49.9″ W; 22 Mar. 2014; C.M.Q. Costa leg.; pitfall, “fezes humana”; CEMT. – No data • 1 spec.; CEAH .

Remarks

This species was described by Pereira (1953) in the same publication as the description of the subgenus, for which the author simultaneously designated it as the type species.

Distribution

Atlantic Forest, from Pernambuco to Paranaguá, southeast of the state of Paraná. In the literature there are records for Argentina and Paraguay ( Pereira & Martínez 1956; Martínez 1959; Halffter & Martínez 1967), but we have not examined any specimens from these localities ( Fig. 10 ).

Figures

Fig. 1. Canthon (Peltecanthon) staigi (Pereira, 1953), ♂, São Paulo, Bertioga (CEMT). A. Dorsal habitus. B. Ventral surface of meso- and metafemora. C. Transverse carina in the hypomeron. D. Carina in the margin between pygidium and propygidium. E. Male protibial spur. F. Female protibial spur, São Paulo, Caraguatatuba, P.E. Serra do Mar (CEMT).

Fig. 2. Canthon (Peltecanthon) staigi (Pereira, 1953), ♂, Rio de Janeiro, Restinga da Marambaia (CEMT). A. Parameres lateral view. B. Parameres dorsal view. C. Internal sac ventral view. D. Internal sac dorsal view. Abbreviations: see Material and methods.

Fig. 10. Distribution map for species of Peltecanthon: C. (P.) staigi (Pereira, 1953) (blue circle); C. (P.) haroldi Harold, 1867 nom. nov. (green square); C. (P.) splendidus Schmidt, 1922 (yellow triangle); C. (P.) terciae sp. nov. (red circle)