Phytoliriomyza longifurcae Kato, 2022

Kato, Makoto, Yamamori, Luna & Imada, Yume, 2022, Diversity underfoot of agromyzids (Agromyzidae, Diptera) mining thalli of liverworts and hornworts, ZooKeys 1133, pp. 1-164 : 1

publication ID

https://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1133.94530

publication LSID

lsid:zoobank.org:pub:D7A37FE0-DC2A-4ECC-A6A1-0E873C7C7A5A

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/14E86C9E-CAD6-494B-8E6A-21801A53D403

taxon LSID

lsid:zoobank.org:act:14E86C9E-CAD6-494B-8E6A-21801A53D403

treatment provided by

ZooKeys by Pensoft

scientific name

Phytoliriomyza longifurcae Kato
status

sp. nov.

14. Phytoliriomyza longifurcae Kato sp. nov.

Figs 27 View Figure 27 , 28 View Figure 28

Material examined.

Holotype: Japan: 1♂ (MK-AG-a500), Sui, Anan, Tokushima Pref. (33.9044°N, 134.5391°E, 40 m asl), 30-III-2021 (as larva), emerged on 14-V-2021, NSMT-I-Dip 31968. Paratypes: Japan: 3♀ (MK-AG-a497-499), same data as holotype, emerged on 14-17-V-2021, NSMT-I-Dip 31969-31971.

Other material.

Japan: 4♂3♀, Kamihirayama, Tatsuyama, Tenryu, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka Pref., 7-XI-2010 (as larva), emerged on 18-28-IV-2011; 1♂1♀, Chiromo, Toyotama, Tsushima, Nagasaki Pref., 28-XI-2011 (as larva), emerged on 1-V-2011; 2♀, Kibune, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto Pref., 20-VI-2016 (as larva), emerged on 14-VII-2021.

Diagnosis.

A medium-sized species (wing length 1.5-1.6 mm) having a subshiny yellow scutum with a medial and two pairs of lateral black stripes, yellow 1st flagellomere, yellow maxillary palpus, yellow halteres, and yellow legs. Male epandrium inner-basally with a comb comprising six fused long tubercle-like setae, and inner-subdistally with an extremely elongated arm, which apically bears two dark, diverging, ventrally curved, tubercle-like setae. Larva mines the thallus of Reboulia hemisphaerica orientalis .

Description.

Adult male (Fig. 27A-E View Figure 27 ).

Head: Head entirely yellow, with ocellar tubercle brown, and back of head dark brown (Fig. 27C View Figure 27 ). Antenna porrect, yellow. Arista subbasal, brown, pubescent. Frons with brownish reflective pruinosity. Face, gena, parafacial and postgena yellow. Proboscis normal, yellow; palpus yellow, cylindrical (Fig. 27C View Figure 27 ). Chaetotaxy: Front orbitals three pairs; one ori directed inward; two ors directed upward (Fig. 27B View Figure 27 ). Orbital setulae minute and erect, in a single row.

Thorax: Thorax subshiny yellow. Scutum with medial black stripe on anterior 2/3, one pair of black suborbicular presutural spots confluent with the medial stripe, a pair of narrow black supra-alar stripes and a pair of wider black intra-alar stripes, which adjoin the pair of lateral presutural black suborbicular spots (Fig. 27D View Figure 27 ). Mediotergite brown, anatergite yellow, katatergite brown (Fig. 27E View Figure 27 ). Pleuron largely yellow (the background color sometimes grayish in some localities); propleuron with small brown patch on mid-anterior corner; anepisternum with two small spots on anterior and posterior corners; anepimeron with a narrow brown patch on anterior corner; katepisternum and meron with brown patches on venter (Fig. 27B View Figure 27 ). Haltere yellow, while dorsal surface grayish yellow. Calypter margin and hairs gray. Leg segments yellow; tibia and tarsus darker. Chaetotaxy: Scutum with 1+3 dorsocentrals, shortened anteriorly (Fig. 27D View Figure 27 ). Acrostichal setulae five pairs in two irregular rows. Wing: Wing length 1.5 mm, costa reaching M1 (Fig. 27A View Figure 27 ). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section 1.6.

Abdomen: Abdomen dorsally subshiny yellow (Fig. 27E View Figure 27 ). Genitalia: (Fig. 27H-L View Figure 27 ) Epandrium dark brown, rounded apically; inner-lateral margin with a row of four short tubercle-like setae; inner-subdistal margin with an extremely elongated arm, bearing two, dark, ventrally curved, tubercle-like setae borne at wide angle (90-120°); inner-basal surface with a comb comprising 4-6 fused tubercle-like setae (Fig. 27K View Figure 27 ). Surstylus lobate, directed inwards, setose apically, with one short tubercle-like seta subapically (Fig. 27K View Figure 27 ). Cercus narrow, setose. Subepandrial sclerite with a pair of flat, pale, ventral lobes, each of which bearing a long seta subapically (Fig. 27K View Figure 27 ). Hypandrium thin, slightly sclerotized along outer margin (Fig. 27H View Figure 27 ). Postgonite bare, goose barnacle-shaped, cleft apically; upper lobe pointed apically (Fig. 27K View Figure 27 ). Phallophorus with deep incision below (Fig. 27I View Figure 27 ), articulated with phallapodeme, fused to epiphallus (Fig. 27J View Figure 27 ). Basiphallus dorsally sclerotized with basal expanded lobes (Fig. 27I, J View Figure 27 ). Hypophallus broad, lightly sclerotized, lateral lobes expanded anteriorly like wings, clear tubule emerging from median part (Fig. 27I View Figure 27 ). Mesophallus dark, cylindrical, constricted subapically. Paraphalli membranous, rounded and expanded ventrally, bilaterally asymmetrical; right one larger than left one (Fig. 27I View Figure 27 ). Distiphallus comprising one pair of stout tubules basally parallel to each other; basal half composed of lateral dark lanceolate sclerite and weaker medial region; distal half cylindrical, dorsally and laterally pigmented, with truncated, flared clear apex (Fig. 27J View Figure 27 ). Ejaculatory apodeme pale and fan-shaped with broad stalk; base wide to one side; sperm pump clear (Fig. 27L View Figure 27 ).

Female (Fig. 27F, G View Figure 27 ). Similar to male, but larger, frons wider. Wing length 1.6 mm. Postabdomen: (Fig. 28A, B View Figure 28 ) Oviscape dark brown, setigerous (Fig. 28A View Figure 28 ). Tergite 10 trifurcate, laterally uniting narrow pleural sclerites (Fig. 28B View Figure 28 ). Each cercus with two stout, apical, trichoid sensilla, ¾ length of cercus (Fig. 28B View Figure 28 ). Spermathecae semi-orbicular, with truncate proximal ends (Fig. 28A View Figure 28 ).

Etymology.

The specific name (longus = long, furca = fork) refers to extremely elongated, apically biforked tubercle-like seta on the male epandrium.

Japanese name.

Sasumata-jingasagoke-hamoguribae.

Host plant.

Reboulia hemisphaerica orientalis ( Aytoniaceae ).

Mine.

Larvae construct linear-blotch mines in the thallus, and pupate in the mines (Fig. 28E, F View Figure 28 ).

Biological notes.

The habitats of this species are rocky cliffs in warm temperate evergreen forests (Fig. 28D View Figure 28 ). This species is rarer than P. argentifasciata , and sympatric with the latter in some localities. Our rearing records suggest that adults emerge from overwintered pupae in spring.

Distribution.

Japan: Honshu, Shikoku (Fig. 26 View Figure 26 ).

Remarks.

This species resembles P. argentifasciata and P. nigroflava in having two pair of dark lateral bands on the scutum, and a yellow 1st flagellomere and yellow haltere; it is distinguished from P. argentifasciata by the black lateral stripes (inner bands reflecting silverly in sunlight in P. argentifasciata ), from P. nigroflava by the absence of an extremely extended, forked tubercle-like seta on the subdistal margin of the male epandrium.