Coenypha edwardsi ( Nicolet, 1849 )

Machado, Miguel, Previato, Thales, Grismado, Cristian J. & Teixeira, Renato, 2023, Taxonomic review of the Andean crab spiders genus Coenypha Simon, 1895 (Thomisidae: Stephanopinae), Zootaxa 5306 (3), pp. 301-330 : 303-305

Coenypha edwardsi ( Nicolet, 1849)

Figs 1A–E , 2A–F , 3A–F , 14A

Thomisus edwardsii Nicolet, 1849: 392 , pl. 3, figs 8, 11 (syntypes, female and male from Chile, Valdivia , not found in MNHN, probably lost, not examined).

Thomisus lucasi Nicolet, 1849: 391 (syntypes, 2 females from Chile, Valdivia [MNHN 3392], examined). New Synonymy.

Thomisus fuliginosus Nicolet, 1849: 392 (syntypes, 1 male and 8 juveniles from Chile [MNHN 6967], examined). New Synonymy.

Stephanopis edwardsi Keyserling, 1880: 187 , pl. 4, fig. 103.

Coenypha edwardsi: Simon, 1895: 1053 , fig. 1090.

Coenypha lucasi: Simon, 1895: 1051 .

Coenypha edwardsi: Simon, 1895: 1051 .

Coenypha fasciata Mello-Leit „o, 1926: 322, fig. 43 (holotype female from Chile, Valdivia [MNHN 18242a], examined). New Synonymy.

Note: Although Nicolet (1849) did not designate any type specimen, most species of Thomisus described by him from Chile were found at MNHN. However, this is not the case with C. edwardsi . Thus, we identify the species by the comparison of several specimens from Valdivia, Chile, with the original description and illustrations provided by Nicolet (1849).The description shows a female with an abdomen in light colors, trapezoid-shaped, with an arched posterior margin; while the male shows a dark spot in the posterior part of the abdomen and with a sinuous posterior margin [in the original: “...ondulaciones del borde posterior...”]. Spiders with these features were examined and showed no relevant differences regarding their genital features in comparison to other specimens recognized as T. lucasi and T. fuliginosus (species also described by Nicolet 1849 and deposited at MNHN, examined here). We settle the priority of T. edwardsi over T. lucasi , and T. fuliginosus (ICZN 2.4.2.1 and 2.4.2.2.) because the first name was the most used in the literature. Additionally, the synonymy of C. fasciata is also proposed by the absence of significative differences with the Nicolet species.

Other material examined. CHILE: Valparaíso: 1♀, Petorca , La Ligua, 32°27’9.72”S, 71°13’31.45”W, 27 September 1980 ( AMNH) ; 1j, Viña del Mar , 32°59’40.93”S, 71°32’33.68”W, 04 December 1982, M. Pino ( MHNS 862 ) ; 1♀, Granizo , 32°58’58.96”S, 71°10’45.12”W, October 1982, M. Pino ( MHNS 632 ) ; 1♁, same locality and collector of the previous vial, 18 December 1983 ( MHNS 919 ) ; 1♀, Quintero , 33°2’49.45”S, 71°35’23.18”W, 12 December 1980, L. Peña ( AMNH) . Coquimbo: 1♁, Ovalle , 30°36’15.66”S, 71°11’49.19”W, 01 December 1950, Ross & Michelbacher ( CAS 9072303 ) . Santiago: 1j, Cajón del Rio Maipo , 33°47’53.86”S, 70°51’52.50”W, November 1984, G. Arriagada ( MHNS 892 ) ; 1♀, Pudahuel ( Parque Laguna Carén ), 33°25’51.39”S, 70°50’24.79”W, same collector and date of the previous vial ( MHNS 881 ) ; 1♀ and 2j, Quilicura , 33°21’27.63”S, 70°43’45.38”W, May 1979, L. Peña ( AMNH) ; 1♁ and 2j, Cerro Manquehue , 33°21’3.00”S, 70°34’56.01”W, August 1979, L. Peña ( AMNH) ; 1♀, Cordoba Coast , 33°26’56.00”S, 70°40’9.35”W, 15–20 February 1979, L. Peña ( AMNH) ; 6♁, 2♀ and 7j, Cuesta La Dormida , 33°31’16.74”S, 70°47’42.40”W, 13–18 November 1982, L. Peña ( AMNH) ; 1♀ and 1j, Pirque , 33°41’14.91”S, 70°35’18.17”W, 30 November 1982 ( AMNH) . Talca : 1♁, Maule, 35°25’23.68”S, 71°38’54.53”W, 22 December 1950, Ross & Michelbacher ( CAS 9046659 ) . Bio-Bío: 1♀, Ñuble (40 Km from Coihueco ), 36°37’45.12”S, 71°49’57.81”W, 15 February 2005, M. Ramírez & F. Labarque ( MACN-Ar 27638 ) ; 1♁, Concepción ( Palo Grande ), 36°48’46.51”S, 73° 1’4.14”W, 29 December 1996, T.Cekalovic ( AMNH) ; 2j, Concepción ( Camino Chome Ramuntcho ), 36°49’8.18”S, 73° 3’1.15”W, 08 November 1996, T. Cekalovic ( AMNH) ; 1♁, Ñuble ( Recinto ), 36°41’59.98”S, 71°53’38.73”W, 01–03 October 1983, L. Peña ( AMNH) ; 1♁, Concepción ( Periquillo ), 36°55’53.72”S, 73° 0’33.94”W, 16 March 1997, T. Cekalovic ( AMNH) ; 1♁, Concepción ( Estero Nonquen ), 36°49’14.35”S, 73° 0’55.31”W, 11 November 1996, T. Cekalovic ( AMNH) ; 1♁, 1#f and 4j, Concepción ( Lomas Colorada ), 36°50’54.14”S, 73°7’59.64”W, 24 November 1996, T. Cekalovic ( AMNH) . Araucanía: 1j, Malleco , 38°9’48.82”S, 72°31’13.74”W, February 1965, Fritz ( MACN-Ar 18678 ) ; 4♀, same locality of the previous vial, November 1979, L. Peña ( AMNH) ; 1♀, Angol , 37°48’21.87”S, 72°42’13.70”W, 1950, S. Bullock ( CAS 9046660 ) ; 1♀, same locality of the previous vial, 29 January 1951, Ross & Michelbacher ( CAS 9072302 ) ; 2j, Cautín ( Chacamo ), 38°34’56.21”S, 73° 3’11.75”W, 17–23 February 1981, L. Peña ( AMNH) . Los Rios: 2j, Valdivia , 39°49’2.59”S, 73°14’33.12”W, no collection date ( MHNS 18242 ) ; 1♀, Valdivia , 39°49’2.65”S, 73°14’33.07”W, 12 October 1976, E. Krahmer ( MCZ 133392 ) ; 2♁, 2♀ 1j; 1983 ( MHNS 802 ) ; 1#, 2♀ and 1j; 1984 ( MHNS 840 ) ; 1♁ and 6j; 15 January 1951, Ross & Michelbacher ( CAS 9072304 ) ; 1j, 10 January 1989, M. Ramírez ( MACN 18680 ) ; 1♁ and 1j, Enco River Region , 39°54’39.75”S, 72° 8’53.29”W, 3 March 1955, L. Peña ( MACN-Ar 9539 ) . Los Lagos: 1♁ and 2j, Lepihue , 39°50’38.25”S, 73°13’53.43”W, 21 January 1951, Ross & Michelbacher ( CAS 9072300 ) ; 1♁ and 1j, Osorno ( Salto Pilmaiquén ), 40°38’50.88”S, 72°39’26.90”W, 27 January 1951, Ross & Michelbacher ( CAS 9072301 ) ; 3j, Osorno ( Puyehue ), 40°43’43.88”S, 72°18’43.16”W, 13–17 December 1998, M. Ramírez, L. Compagnucci, C. Grismado & L. Lopardo ( MACN-Ar 18676 ) ; 1j, Llanquihue , 41°2’44.04”S, 72°55’22.32”W, 12 November 1994, R. Leschen & C. Carlton ( AMNH) ; 4♁, Petrohue , 41°8’27.52”S, 72°24’28.23”W, 29 March 1968, L. Peña ( MCZ 133669 ) ; 1j, 26 February 1972, Bondon ( MACN-Ar 18679 ) ; 1♀, 29 March 1968, L. Peña ( MCZ 133408 ) ; 1♁ and 4j, Puerto Montt , 41°28’8.10”S, 72°56’28.09”W, 24–29 January 1983, G. Arriagada ( MHNS 728 ) ; 3j, 30 January to 15 February 1983 ( MHNS 717 ) ; 1♀, ( MHNS 710 ) ; 1♁, Isla Chiloé ( Butalcura ), 42°13’59.88”S, 73°44’60.00”W, 21 February 1997, T. Cekalovic ( AMNH) ; 1♀, Isla Chiloé ( Dalcahue ), 42°22’29.25”S, 73°39’6.35”W, 01 February 1981, L. Peña ( AMNH) ; 2♁, Chiloé Province , 42°22’39.47”S, 73°39’6.78”W, 01–04 April 1968, L. Peña ( MCZ 133665 ) ; 1♁, same locality and collector of the previous vial, February 1967 ( MCZ 133409 ) ; 1j, Cole Cole , 42°25’22.39”S, 74° 4’58.62”W, 08–11 February 1991, M. Ramírez ( MACN-Ar 18681 ) ; 1j, Chepu , 42°31’24.34”S, 73°52’47.36”W, 30 January 1981, L. Peña ( AMNH) ; 1j, Isla Quinchao , 42°32’4.24”S, 73°25’16.10”W, 19 February 1997, T. Cekalovic ( AMNH) ; 1♀, Isla Chiloé , 42°37’25.31”S, 73°55’35.34”W, 19 February 1996, T. Cekalovic ( AMNH) ; 1♁ and 3j, same locality of the previous vial, 01 February 1981, L. Peña ( AMNH) ; 4j, same locality of the previous vial, 22 February 1997, T. Cekalovic ( AMNH) ; 1♀, Huequetrumao , 42°37’26.29”S, 73°55’35.66”W, 27 December 1981, L. Peña ( AMNH) ; 1♁, Isla Lemuy ( Puerto Haro ), 42°38’19.00”S, 73°38’32.36”W, 20 February 1996, T. Cekalovic ( AMNH) ; 1♀, Santo Antonio de Chadmo , 42°55’5.71”S, 73°39’41.42”W, 08 February 2001, T. Cekalovic ( FMNH 61793 ) ; 1♀, Puerto Carmen , 43°7’49.25”S, 73°45’21.85”W, 15–19 March 1981, L. Peña ( AMNH) ; 4j, Gicao , 43°9’0.20”S, 73°41’57.38”W, February 1981, L. Peña ( AMNH) . Magallanes y Antártica Chilena: 1♀, Puntarenas , no collection date ( MHNS 3406 ) . ARGENTINA: Chubut: Parque Nacional Lago Puelo: Puerto, S 42.097946 ° W 71.620299 ° (Google Earth), elev. 210m ( Google Earth ), 15 November 2022, leg. technical personnel of P. N. Lago Puelo ( MACN-Ar 43771 ) .

Diagnosis. Females of C. edwardsi resemble those of C. trapezium sp. nov., both are the species with the most extreme cases of dorsoventrally compressed habitus of the genus ( Figs 2B , 8B ). Moreover, these two species have robust femora of legs I and II with a pair of apical projections ( Figs 2A , 8A ). However, C. edwardsi can be distinguished from C. trapezium sp. nov. by the epigynal plate with oblique slits (feature that is more similar to what can be observed in C. ditissima ) leading to the copulatory openings, and a flattened MSept ( Fig. 2C ). The copulatory ducts run in two twists before getting to the spermathecae, which present an apical PG ( Fig. 2D ). Males can be easily recognized and distinguished from its congeneric species by the shape of their opisthosoma (with eight tiny posterior projections) ( Fig. 3A ). Their well-developed TRin apical position and long embolus ( Fig. 3C ), are similar to those of the males of C. trapezium sp. nov. ( Fig. 9C ), however, the male palp of C. edwardsi is unique by its conical RTA bearing a short and acute RTAvbr on its basis ( Fig. 3D ).

Description. Female (MHNS 840): Anterior eye row recurved and posterior row straight; ALE almost twice as large as the AME ( Figs 2A, B ). Prosoma granulated, with many setiferous tubercles and hyaline setae; light brown, cephalic area and center of the thoracic portion dark brown ( Fig. 2B ). Clypeus bears a pair of central macrosetae on its margin. Sternum brown, scutiform and slightly wider than long. Femora I brown, robust and presenting few setiferous tubercles on its dorsal and prolateral surface; anterior patellae, tibiae, and metatarsi (I and II) predominantly brown, dark brown on their dorsal surface; posterior legs entirely brown. Opisthosoma light brown with a transversal darker line; anterior border slightly concave and posteriorly beveled ( Fig. 2A ). Epigynal plate with copulatory openings preceded by obliquely convergent slits and divided by a wide and flattened MSept ( Fig. 2C ); copulatory ducts wrinkled, membranous and coiled (two twists); spermathecae kidney-shaped bearing a PG ( Fig. 2D ). Measurements: eyes diameters and inter distances: AME 0.09, ALE 0.15, PME 0.12, PLE 0.12, AME-AME 0.18, AME-ALE 0.12, PME-PME 0.24, PME-PLE 0.14. MOQ length 0.44, MOQ posterior width 0.26, MOQ anterior width 0.20; leg formula: 1243: leg I—femur 5.60/ patella 2.35/ tibia 3.90/ metatarsus 2.25/ tarsus 1.50/ total 15.60; II—3.20/ 1.50/ 2.20/ 1.25/ 1.10/ 9.25; III—1.25/ 0.95/ 0.90/ 0.60/ 0.55/ 4.25; IV—1.55/ 0.95/ 1.10/ 0.60/ 0.55/ 4.75; total length 8.60, prosoma length 3.60, width 3.90, opisthosoma length 5.00, clypeus height 0.30, sternum length 1.46, width 1.59, endites length 0.82, width 0.46, labium length 0.52, width 0.70.

Male (CAS 9046659): Anterior eye row recurved and posterior slightly recurved ( Figs 3A, B ). Prosoma and other ocular characteristics as in female. Sternum brown, scutiform and slightly wider than long. Legs I, II and IV predominantly brown, with randomly darker spots; legs III entirely yellow with few brown stains. Opisthosoma as in female, but less widened. Palp with oval cymbium, tegulum with an apical tegular ridge and no apophyses ( Figs 3C, E ); palpal tibia bears three prolateral macrosetae, a short and conical RTAvbr and an acute RTA ( Fig. 3D ). Measurements: eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.06, ALE 0.12, PME 0.10, PLE 0.09, AME-AME 0.12, AME-ALE 0.08, PME-PME 0.16, PME-PLE 0.12. MOQ length 0.34, MOQ posterior width 0.24, MOQ anterior width 0.16; leg formula: 1234: leg I—femur 3.05/ patella 1.15/ tibia 2.25/ metatarsus 1.30/ tarsus 0.80/ total 8.55; II—1.48/ 0.64/ 1.12/ 0.70/ 0.58/ 4.52; III—0.76/ 0.48/ 0.62/ 0.39/ 0.36/ 2.61; IV—0.88/ 0.46/ 0.58/ 0.28/ 0.36/ 2.56; total length 4.44, prosoma length 1.94, width 2.00, opisthosoma length 2.50, clypeus height 0.22, sternum length 0.80, width 0.94, endites length 0.46, width 0.24, labium length 0.26, width 0.38.

Distribution. CHILE: Coquimbo, Valparaíso, Santiago, Talca, Bío-Bío , Araucanía, Los Ríos, and Los Lagos, ARGENTINA: Chubut ( Fig. 14A ).

Variation. C. edwardsi present a wide range of body coloration, varying from the most common morphotype, which was described above ( Figs 1A, D , 2A ), to specimens fully dark-brown and covered by light-colored setae ( Fig. 1C ). Yellow individuals were also found ( Fig. 1B ) as well as those that are predominantly whitish with sets of brown spots and stripes on their femora, median cephalic area, and opisthosoma ( Fig. 1E ).

Figures

FIGURE 1. Color variations of live specimens of Coenypha edwardsi (Nicolet, 1849). Photo credits: Fernando Escobar Barraza (A); Pablo Núñez (B, D); Gerald Andrés Poblete Reinoso (C); Martín Ramírez (E).

FIGURE 2. Coenypha edwardsi (Nicolet, 1849), female (MHNS 840). A–B habitus (A dorsal, B frontal); C, E epigyne ventral; D, F vulva dorsal.

FIGURE 3. Coenypha edwardsi (Nicolet, 1849), male (CAS 9046659). A–B habitus (A dorsal, B frontal); C–F left palp (C, E ventral, D, F retrolateral).

FIGURE 8. Coenypha trapezium sp. nov., female (MACN-Ar 18675).). A–B habitus (A dorsal, B frontal); C, E epigyne ventral; D, F vulva dorsal.

FIGURE 9. Coenypha trapezium sp. nov., male (FMNH 2857851). A–B habitus (A dorsal, B frontal); C–F left palp (C, E ventral, D, F retrolateral).

FIGURE 14. Distribution records of Coenypha species. A C. antennata (triangles), C. edwardsi (circles); B C. ditissima (squares), C. nodosa (diamonds); C black triangles are C. trapezium sp. nov. (black triangles), C. foliacea sp. nov. (white triangles).