Chactopsis barajuri González-Sponga, 1982

Ochoa, José A., Rojas-Runjaic, Fernando J. M., Pinto-da-Rocha, Ricardo & Prendini, Lorenzo, 2013, Systematic Revision Of The Neotropical Scorpion Genus Chactopsis Kraepelin, 1912 (Chactoidea: Chactidae), With Descriptions Of Two New Genera And Four New Species, Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2013 (378), pp. 1-121 : 31-39

Chactopsis barajuri González-Sponga, 1982

Figures 1 , 10C , 13B , 15B , 18B , 21B , 22C , 27 , 28 , 29

Chactopsis sp. : González-Sponga, 1978: 170–176, figs. 213–228; 1984a: 53 (part).

Chactopsis barajuri González-Sponga, 1982: 138– 143 , figs. 11–15; Lourenço, 1986a: 564, fig. 23, table II; 1986b: 165, fig. 5; Lourenço and Francke, 1986: 552; González-Sponga, 1991: 27, 32, 58, 59, map 1; Lourenço, 1991: 116; González-Sponga, 1996: 111, 114, figs. 252–255; Sissom, 2000: 311; Soleglad and Sissom, 2001: 92; González-Sponga, 2001: 29, 41, 49, map 5; Lourenço, 2002b: 435; Rojas-Runjaic and de Sousa, 2007: 299; Botero-Trujillo, 2008: 34.

TYPE MATERIAL: Holotype ³ [not ♀] ( MAGS 1804 ex MCNC 797 ), VENEZUELA: Bolívar: Municipio Gran Sabana: Santa Elena de Uairén , around airport [04 ° 33919.90 N 61 ° 1096.50W], 900 m, 30.xi.1974, R. Delgado.

ADDITIONAL MATERIAL: VENEZUELA: Bolívar: Municipio Gran Sabana: Santa Elena de Uairén, around airport, 04 ° 33919.90 N 61 ° 1096.50W, 925 m, 20.x.2008, S. Bazó, forest, 1 juv. ( AMNH [ LP 9236]).

DIAGNOSIS: Chactopsis barajuri appears to be most closely related to C. amazonica and C. curupira , n. sp., based on similarities in hemispermatophore morphology: flagellum straight; apex broad proximally, with ental fold situated subproximally; pedicel of lamina short, not reaching dorsal apophysis; lobe region with additional concave fold situated proximal to ental lobe; median lobe finely papillose on distal and dorsal surfaces; dorsal apophysis forming crest-shaped projection. The hemispermatophores of C. chullachaqui , n. sp., C. insignis , and C. siapaensis differ from those of C. barajuri , C. amazonica , and C. curupira , n. sp., as follows: flagellum curved; apex with ental fold situated proximally; pedicel of lamina elongated; lobe region without additional concave fold; median lobe densely papillose across entire surface; dorsal apophysis forming hornshaped projection (figs. 8, 26, 29, 38, 41, 44).

The hemispermatophore of C. barajuri differs from that of C. amazonica and C. curupira , n. sp., in several respects: the apex of the lamina is more elongated and the ental fold shorter in C. barajuri (fig. 29) than in C. amazonica and C. curupira , n. sp. (figs. 26, 38); the sheath-shaped portion occupies approximately one-third the length of the trunk in C. barajuri , compared with approximately half its length in C. amazonica and C. curupira , n. sp.; the median lobe possesses a row of small spines along the distal margin in C. barajuri , which is very conspicuous in C. curupira , n. sp., but absent in C. amazonica ; the distal margin of the median lobe is not folded in C. barajuri , but is moderately folded toward the internal surface in C. amazonica and C. curupira , n. sp.; the dorsal apophysis is crest shaped in the three species, but with the dorsal margin weakly serrated in C. barajuri (fig. 29), smooth in C. amazonica , and bicuspid in C. curupira , n. sp. (figs. 26, 38). The most important diagnostic character of C. barajuri is the presence of an additional em trichobothrium on the pedipalp patella (24 external trichobothria; fig. 27C), compared with all other species of the genus, which possess three em thrichobothria (23 external trichobothria). Other differences in trichobothrial pattern among C. barajuri , C. amazonica , and C. curupira , n. sp., are as follows: patellar trichobothrium est 2 is situated proximal to and distant from the other est trichobothria in C. barajuri (fig. 28), but slightly proximal to or in the same axis as est 3 and est 4, in C. amazonica and C. curupira , n. sp. (figs. 25, 37); the angle formed by patellar trichobothria v 5 – v 6 – v 7 is approximately 90 ° in C. barajuri , but greater than 90 ° in C. amazonica and C. curupira , n. sp.; chelal trichobothrium Est is situated closer to V 3 than to Et 1 in C. barajuri and C. amazonica , but equidistant between Et 1 and V 3 in C. curupira , n. sp. Chactopsis barajuri may be further distinguished from C. amazonica and C. curupira , n. sp., by the metasomal carination: the VM carina of metasomal segment V is distinct and bifurcated posteriorly in C. barajuri and C. curupira , n. sp., whereas it is obscured by granulation in the posterior quarter of the segment in C. amazonica (fig. 21A, B, D); the VSM carinae of metasomal segment I are obsolete and the telson sparsely granular in C. barajuri , whereas the VSM carinae are absent and the telson entirely smooth in C. amazonica ; the ML carinae of metasomal segment V extend almost 75 % the length of the segment in C. barajuri , but are restricted to its anterior two-thirds in C. amazonica and C. curupira , n. sp.

SUPPLEMENTARY DESCRIPTION: The following supplements González-Sponga’s (1982) original description.

Trichobothria: Femur with three trichobothria (fig. 27A). Patella with 34 trichobothria (fig. 27B–D): two dorsal, seven ventral, 24 external, one internal; additional em (em 4) trichobothrium situated proximal to other em trichobothria; trichobothrium v 6 situated closer to v 5 than to v 7; est 5 situated on VE margin; est 2 situated proximal to and distant from other est trichobothria; em 2 situated distal to em 1 and em 3; em 1 situated proximal to em 3; esb 2 situated distal to esb 3. Chela with 26 trichobothria (fig. 28): 10 situated on manus, three ventral, seven external; 16 situated on fixed finger, seven external, six dorsal, three internal (it, isb, ib); ist absent; it situated between est and em; Est situated closer to V 3 than to Et 1; Et 1 and Et 2 situated in same axis; eb situated proximal to base of fixed finger; db situated proximal to esb; dm 1 situated slightly proximal to et 3; em situated closer to esb than to est.

Hemispermatophore: Lamina elongated, longer than trunk, slightly tortuous medially (fig. 29A–C); apex elongated, broad proximally, curved, and progressively tapering distally; flagellum straight, approximately one-third length of lamina; ental margin with subproximal fold, shorter than flagellum, toward dorsal surface; articular flexure present; pedicel short, weakly developed. Trunk well developed, slightly tortuous medially; sheath-shaped part moderately developed, approximately one-third the length of trunk, with well-developed ventral concavity; foot unknown. Lobe region well developed with two lobes; ental lobe moderately developed, slightly sclerotized, forming projection toward ental surface; median lobe moderately developed, extending ventrally, mostly apapillose, except for fine papillae on distal and dorsal surfaces, distal margin not folded, with row of small spines; median trough well developed, deep; dorsal apophysis sclerotized, crest shaped, short, with dorsal margin weakly serrated; additional, well-developed concave fold proximal to lobe region.

REMARKS: The sex of the holotype (³) was misidentified in the original description as ♀.

DISTRIBUTION: This species is known only from the type locality in the state of Bolívar, Venezuela (fig. 1).

HABITAT: The type locality of this species falls within an area of primary rainforest.

Figures

Fig. 1. Distribution of Chactopsis Kraepelin, 1912, plotting known locality records in Brazil, Peru, and Venezuela. Chactopsis amazonica Lourenço and Francke, 1986, open circles; Chactopsis barajuri González- Sponga, 1982, solid triangle; Chactopsis buhrnheimi Lourenço, 2003, open star; Chactopsis curupira, n. sp., open triangle; Chactopsis chullachaqui, n. sp., open diamond; Chactopsis insignis Kraepelin, 1912, solid squares; Chactopsis siapaensis González-Sponga, 1991, open square; Chactopsis sujirima González-Sponga, 1982, solid circles; undetermined Chactopsis species, solid stars. Box indicates area mapped in figure 2.

Fig. 10. Chactopsis Kraepelin, 1912, carapace, dorsal aspect. A, B. Chactopsis amazonica Lourenço and Francke, 1986. A. ³ (MZSP). B. ♀ (MZSP). C. Chactopsis barajuri González-Sponga, 1982, holotype ³ (MAGS). D. Chactopsis chullachaqui, n. sp., holotype ³ (MHNC). E. Chactopsis curupira, n. sp., paratype ³ (MZSP). Scale bars 5 1 mm.

Fig. 13. Chactopsis Kraepelin, 1912, sternum and pectines, ventral aspect. A. Chactopsis amazonica Lourenço and Francke, 1986, ³ (MZSP). B. Chactopsis barajuri González-Sponga, 1982, holotype ³ (MAGS). C. Chactopsis chullachaqui, n. sp., holotype ³ (MHNC). D. Chactopsis curupira, n. sp., paratype ³ (MZSP). Scale bars 5 1 mm.

Fig. 15. Chactopsis Kraepelin, 1912, metasomal segments III–V, lateral aspect. A. Chactopsis amazonica Lourenço and Francke, 1986, ³ (MZSP). B. Chactopsis barajuri González-Sponga, 1982, holotype ³ (MAGS). C. Chactopsis chullachaqui, n. sp., holotype ³ (MHNC). Scale bars 5 1 mm.

Fig. 18. Chactopsis Kraepelin, 1912, metasomal segments I–IV, ventral aspect. A. Chactopsis amazonica Lourenço and Francke, 1986, ³ (MZSP). B. Chactopsis barajuri González-Sponga, 1982, holotype ³ (MAGS). C. Chactopsis chullachaqui, n. sp., holotype ³ (MHNC). Scale bars 5 1 mm.

Fig. 21. Chactopsis Kraepelin, 1912, metasomal segment V, ventral aspect. A. Chactopsis amazonica Lourenço and Francke, 1986, ♀ (MZSP). B. Chactopsis barajuri González-Sponga, 1982, holotype ³ (MAGS). C. Chactopsis chullachaqui, n. sp., holotype ³ (MHNC). D. Chactopsis curupira, n. sp., paratype ³ (MZSP). E. Chactopsis insignis Kraepelin, 1912, ³ (MHNC). F. Chactopsis siapaensis González- Sponga, 1991, holotype ³ (MAGS). Scale bars 5 1 mm.

Fig. 22. Chactopsis Kraepelin, 1912, telson, lateral aspect. A, B. Chactopsis amazonica Lourenço and Francke, 1986. A. ³ (MZSP). B. ♀ (MZSP). C. Chactopsis barajuri González-Sponga, 1982, holotype ³ (MAGS). D. Chactopsis chullachaqui, n. sp., holotype ³ (MHNC). E. Chactopsis curupira, n. sp., paratype ³ (MZSP). Scale bars 5 1 mm.

Fig. 27. Chactopsis barajuri González-Sponga, 1982, holotype ³ (MAGS), dextral pedipalp segments. A. Femur. B–D. Patella. A, B. Dorsal aspect. C. External aspect. D. Ventral aspect. Scale bar 5 1 mm.

Fig. 28. Chactopsis barajuri González-Sponga, 1982, holotype ³ (MAGS), dextral pedipalp chela. A. Dorsal aspect. B. External aspect. C. Ventral aspect. D. Internal aspect. Scale bar 5 1 mm.

Fig. 29. Chactopsis barajuri González-Sponga, 1982, holotype ³ (MAGS), sinistral hemispermatophore. A. Ental aspect. B. Dorsal aspect. C. Ectal aspect. Scale bar 5 1 mm.