Lotus cruentus Court

Kramina, Tatiana & Sokoloff, Dmitry, 2004, A taxonomic study of Lotus australis complex (Leguminosae), with special emphasis on plants from Pacific Ocean islands, Adansonia (3) 26 (2), pp. 171-197 : 194-197

4. Lotus cruentus Court than, or equalling to the tube, with both sides

pubescent. Petals red, rarely pink and in very rare Victorian Natur. 73: 174 (1957). — Lotus coccineus cases white. Standard claw gradually widening Schltdl., Linnaea 21: 452 (1848), nom. illeg., non upwards and not clearly delimited from the Vell. 1825. — Type: Herb. Schlechtendal (holo-, HAL 069717, photo seen). blade. Keel incurved by obtuse (rarely by right) Lotus australis Andrews var. parviflorus Benth., Fl. angle. Style 2.5-4 mm long. Fruits incurved Austral. 2: 189 (1864). — Type: Drummond 31, upwards, less often straight, 2.2-2.7 mm wide, 6th Coll., W. Australia, 1854 (lecto-, BM, desig- 20-48 mm long. nated here; isolecto-, P00202641!). Lotus australis Andrews var. behrianus Tate, Handb. Fl. Extratrop. South Australia: 69 (1890). — HABITAT. — Common in various types of Neotype (the specimen is annotated by J.Z. plant communities, often on sandy soil and in Weber as a “?Type”, but we see no direct evidence disturbed places. from the label that it was used by Tate to describe var. behri , anus) (designated here): HeMtrb. D Schomburgk [Australia, Northern Territory], ISTRIBUTION. — Australia: all mainland Olga, [25°18’S, 130°44’E] (AD 98306152, photo states; absent from extreme north of the contiseen). nent. Generally, L. cruentus tends to grow in Lotus australis Andrews var. behrii C.Moore & Betche , more arid places than L. australis . In SE part of Handb. Fl. New South Wales: 146 (1893). — Australia, L. cruentus is rare in the coastal Type: not designated (no specimen is cited in the protologue). region.? Lotus australis Andrews var. exstipulatus J.M.Black, Trans. and Proc. Roy. Soc. South Australia 57: 153 (1933). — Type: Ising s.n. [Australia, Northern SELECTED MATERIAL EXAMINED. — AUSTRALIA: Territory], Horseshoe Bend [Finke River, 25°13’S, New South Wales: Abrahams 519, Louth, Sep. 1910 134°14’E], 22 Aug. 1931 (holo-, AD 96046073, (NSW 1079); Alchin 301, Chibnalwood, low resolution image seen). Wentworth, 27 Oct. 1975 (NSW 512567); Andrews Lotus fraseri Benth. ex A.Gray, U.S. Explor. Exped. 15 s.n., Broken Hill, Sep. 1918 (NSW 1396); Betche s.n., (Botany, 1): 400 (1854), nom. seminud. — Type: Darling River (P00202626); Betche s.n., Dubbo, Sep. Herbarium of the U.S. South Pacific Exploring 1885 (NSW 1077); Boorman s.n., Tarcoon, Nov. Expedition under the command of Capt. Wilkes, 1903 (NSW 1390); Bray s.n., Hay, May 1937 (NSW U.S. N. s.n., New South Wales, 1838-1842 (holo-, 1072); Barker 356, Bulloo overflow, 1 May 1977 GH 65699!). (NSW 512669); Caskey 14, Byrnedale, c. 30 miles N

of Menindee, Oct. 1969 ( NSW 512559 ); Constable Perennial herbs, rarely annuals. Stems straight 4560, Mulgowen Station, 35 miles by road south of or slightly flexouse, sparsely to densely pubescent Bourke, 17 Oct. 1963 ( NSW 63855); Constable

4651 A, Donald’s Plain, 75 miles W of Cobar , by appressed to semi-spreading, incurved, rarely 27 Oct. 1963 ( NSW 85030, RSA 205366); Couch straight hairs. Leaves sessile to shortly petiolate s.n., Urana , Feb. 1917 ( NSW 1073 ); Coveny 13421 et (petiole up to 0.4-1.6 mm long), (3-)5(-7)-folio- al., NNW of Tibooburra in Sturt National Park, late, sparsely to densely pubescent by appressed, 2 Sep. 1989 ( NSW 238852 ); Crawford s.n., to semi-spreading hairs. Stipules small (0.1- s Moulamein. n., Lake Cargelligo , Aug. 1950, June ( NSW 1936 512623 ( NSW); Crochett 1053); 0.4 mm) but always conspicuous. Rachis 2- Cunningham & Milthorpe 1193, Cootawundi, 7.5 mm long. Leaflets soft to slightly fleshy, 20 Sep. 1973 ( NSW 512782 ); Cunningham & usually obovate, with obtuse apex, rarely acute Milthorpe 1437, West Menindee , 28 Aug. 1973 and/or oblanceolate, those of the lower pair 5- ( NSW 512557 ); Cunningham & Milthorpe 4185, 11.5 mm long, 2.3-5.3 mm wide, upper leaflets (5 NSW km S 513224 of Canbeligo); Cunningham on Nymagee & Milthorpe Rd, 23 Mar 925., 1976 Mt. 6.5-15 mm long, 2.3-7 mm wide. Peduncles 8- Grenfell, 13 Aug. 1973 ( NSW 513215 ); Cunningham 40 mm long, usually of almost the same length as & Milthorpe 928, 83 km on Tilpa Road, N of Cobarsubtending leaves. Foliage leaf on the peduncle Wilcannia road, 12 Aug. 1973 ( NSW 512569 ); 1-3-foliolate. Umbels 1-4-flowered. Bracts pre- Fletcher s.n., Wagga ( NSW 1402 ); Ford s.n., between

Broken Hill and Menindee, 31 Aug. 1946 ( NSW sent, glandular, 0.2-0.6 mm wide, 0.1-0.5 mm 512558); Glenfield Veterinary Research Station long. Flowers (4-)5-9(-10) mm long. Calyx 3- 66/5439, 6 miles SE of Mungindi, Yarrawa, 19 Oct. 6 mm long, tube pubescent outside, teeth shorter 1966 ( NSW 94849); Glenfield Veterinary Research

194

Pacific and Australian Lotus (Leguminosae)

Station, Walgett , 21 Apr. 1937 ( NSW 1059 ) ; Hartley 12 miles SW of Hermannsburg Mission, 5 Sep. 1955 s.n., Cobar-Wilcannia area, 3 Nov. 1974 ( NSW ( NSW 512757 ); Vickery s.n., Finke River, near Palm 517646) ; Honner s.n., “Moorna”, via Wentworth, Valley, Aug. 1960 ( NSW 52966) ; Wilson 708 & Rowe, 24 May 1969 ( NSW 512562 ) ; Irons & Fogarty s.n., Ormiston Gorge , 23°38’S, 132°45’E, 16 Sep. 1990 Enngonia, 17 Sep. 1985 ( NSW 512773 ) ; Jacobs ( NSW 233349 ) .

2316, Fowlers Gap, N of Broken Hill, 9 Oct. 1975 Queensland: Drummond s.n. ( P00202621 ) ; Mueller ( NSW 512555 ) ; Lee 243, c. 19 km NW of s.n., Rockhampton (MW).

Milparinka , 27 Sep. 1971 ( NSW 512666 ) ; Lee 251, South Australia : Agricult. Bureau SA s.n., 45 km SSE of Milparinka, 28 Sep. 1971 ( NSW Lyndhurst, Jan. 1897 ( NSW 1412 ); Chapman s.n., 512553) ; Lee 256, 50 km SSE of Milparinka, 28 Sep. Goyder Channel Shore, Lake Eyre, 2 Sep. 1976 1972 ( NSW 512784 ) ; Lee 261, Near foot of ( NSW 513229 and 513228) ; Eichler 12567, Flinders Koonenberry Mt., 28 Sep. 1971 ( NSW 512780 ) ; Range , Chambers Gorge near Mt. Chambers , Lowe s.n., Combara, 30 Sep. 1971 ( NSW 517647 ) ; c. 60 km ENE of Blinman , 12 Sep. 1956 ( K) ; Gill Maiden 1399, Bogan Gate to Condobolin, Aug. 1897 s.n., Dalhousie Springs, June 1916 ( NSW 1411 ); ( NSW) ; Maiden s.n., Narromine, Sep. 1898 ( NSW Johnson 73/148, Road from Marree 1 mile N of old 1080) ; Maiden s.n., near Wilcannia, June 1896 town Farina, 6 Sep. 1973 ( NSW 513233 ) ; Kuchel ( NSW 1391 ) ; Mauritzon s.n., Near Broken Hill, 2670, c. 170 km ENE of Leigh Creek, Moolawatana 22 Sep. 1936 ( UPS 224679 , 224680 ) ; McBarron Bore , 22 Aug. 1968 ( K) ; Lee s.n., Wilpena Pound near 15942, Brewarrina , 16 Oct. 1968 ( NSW 489855 , “ Cooinda Camp ”, Flinders Ranges, 10 Oct. 1971 81469) ; McBarron 16053, Goodooga, 17 Oct. 1968 ( NSW 513232 ) ; Little 11, Arkaroola, 30°24’S, ( NSW 87467) ; McBarron 18642, 2 miles N of 139°23’E, Aug. 1968 ( NSW 513093 ) ; Norris 225, Bourke, 14 Nov. 1969 ( NSW 517648 ) ; McBarron Western Edge of Flinders Ranges , 31°19’S, 138°31’E, 20833, 20 km E of Goolgowi, 23 Sep. 1913 ( NSW 30 Aug. 1984 ( NSW 512772 ); Rogers 8146/15, 512613) ; McBarron s.n., Balranald township , 24 Sep. Between Beltana and Blinman, Oct. 1915 ( NSW 1973 ( NSW 512561 ); Mueller s.n., Barrier range, 16 513230) ; Rogers s.n., Coward Spring, Sep. 1910 June 1889 ( LE, MW) ; Noble & Bawden s.n., ( NSW 1040 ) ; Smyth 128, Lake Eyre , 29°20’56”S, Birdwood Station, Pooncarie, June 1979 ( NSW 138°19’04”E, 8 Apr. 1997 ( RSA 627811); Spencer 512560) ; Paddison s.n., New Angledool, Oct. 1889 s.n., Lake Eyre, Sep. 1903 ( NSW 1039 ) ; Turvey ( NSW 512833 ) ; Perry 5748, near Tibbooburra, 12900, Ernabella, 31 July 1966 ( NSW 512762 ) ; 8 Sep. 1971 ( NSW 512605 ) ; Pickard 3046, 11 km Turvey MCB14279, Musgrave Ranges, 4 June 1967 SW “Moalie Park”, 29 Oct. 1976 ( NSW 486739 ); ( NSW 512539 ) ; Whibley 272, Refuge Rock Holes , Pile s.n., Wongarbon, SE of Dubbo, Jan. 1920 ( NSW c. 75 km WSW of Whyalla on Whyalla-Kimba road, 1065) ; Reilly s.n., White Cliffs, July 1906 ( NSW 2 Oct. 1958 ( K); Wilson s.n., Frame Downs, Dec. 1068) ; Rodd 5786 et al., Depot Glen., 30 Oct. 1986 1962 ( NSW 513231 ) .

(NSW 196398); Ryan & Everley 33, Kinchega Victoria: D’Alton 16, Lake Albacutya, Jan. 1902 National Park, Menindee, 2-5 June 1969 ( NSW ( NSW 1024 ); Melville s.n., Lower Deddich River , 512564); Schulefield 1100/20, Cryon , Mar. 1920 about 1.5 m from Snowy River Bridge ( K) .

(NSW 1067); Semple s.n., 90 km N of Balranald, Western Australia: Beard 6618, Berringarra Station 21 Sep. 1983 ( NSW 512568 ) ; Shelley s.n., Near Hay, in flood channels of Murchison River , 22 Sep. 1973 Oct. 1921 ( NSW 1054 ) ; Simon 7186/15, Gilgandra, ( NSW 512824 ) ; Drummond 31, 6th collection Sep. 1915 ( NSW 1079 ) ; Vickery s.n., Barham, ( P00202641 ) ; Fitzgerald s.n., Lower Greenough , S of 13 Oct. 1949 ( NSW 10253) ; Whaite 762, Foot of Geraldton ( NSW 512823 ) ; McMahon s.n., Barrier Range, 12 Aug. 1950 ( NSW 512783 ) ; White Wittenoom, 1952 ( NSW 512710 ) ; Speck 1126, et al. s.n., near Mt. Wright, Mootwingee Nat. Park, 1.5 miles S of Koonmarra , Eremean Province , 2 July 19 Sep. 1990 ( NSW 512611 ) ; White s.n., Old 1958 ( NSW 512825 ) ; Vetch 6-12, Wanna Sation, Mootwingee Gorge, Mootwingee Nat. Park, 18 Sep. 23°56’S, 116°33’21”E, Aug. 1970 ( NSW 512711 ) .

1990 (NSW 512609); Wiecek 204 et al., Jump Up,

c. 3.5 km S of “Olive Downs” homestead on Jump

Up loop Rd, Sturt National Park, 2 Sep. 1989 ( NSW Acknowledgements

250358); Wiecek 353, Dead Horse Gully, 6 Sep.

1989 ( NSW 228924 ); Wilson & Murray 5890, 10 km We are indebted to P. MORAT ( P) and P . WESTON NW of “Lachlan Downs” homestead on “Belford” ( NSW) for making available to us material from New road, 23 Mar. 1984 ( NSW 512616 ); Wilson & Caledonia and Australia as well as for helpful discus- Murray 5899, 5 km WNW of Roto, 24 Mar. 1984 sion, reading of specimen lists and clarifying label ( NSW 512766 ). information. We are grateful for help with literature Northern Territory: Chippendale s.n., Illara Creek , and material, and for discussion to U. BRAUN ( HAL), 11 miles NW Temple Downs Homestead, 19 Oct. S . CAFFERTY (BM), K. CHALLIS ( K), R. J. CHINNOCK 1960 ( K); Henry 1013, Ringwood Station , 23°54’S, ( AD), J . FLANAGAN (K), K.N. GANDHI ( GH), 134°39’E ( NSW 512822 ); Perry 5405, Palm Valley , T. C. HUANG ( TAI), I .D. ILLARIONOVA (LE),

ADANSONIA, sér. 3 • 2004 • 26 (2)

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C.E. JARVIS (BM), J.M. LOCK (K), D.H. NICOLSON GILLETT J.B. 1959. — Lotus in Africa south of the (US), A.A. OSKOLSKI (LE), M.G. PIMENOV (Moscow), Sahara (excluding the Cape Verde islands and A.B. SHIPUNOV (K), M. ZHANG (PE), J. YOKOYAMA Socotra) and its distinction from Dorycnium. Kew (TUS). We are thankful to M.V. REMIZOVA for Bull. 3: 361-381. drawing Figures 1 , 5 and 9. S.R. MAJOROV and GRANT W.F. 1995. — A chromosome atlas and inter- S. CAFFERTY scanned type specimens ( Figs 4 ; 8 ). The specific-intergeneric index for Lotus and Tetrawork is supported by President of Russian Federation gonolobus (Fabaceae). Can. J. Bot. 73: 1787-1809. Grant for leading scientific schools (No. HEYN C.C. 1976. — An old question revived: “What 1898.2003.4), by grants from RFBR (No. 03-04- are the stipules of Lotus?”. Lotus Newslett. 7: 3-5. 48831) and Programme “Universities of Russia” (No. HUANG T.C. & OHASHI H. 1993. — Leguminosae, in 07.03.075). D.S. is grateful to The Royal Society and HUANG T.C. (ed.), Flora of Taiwan, ed. 2. Vol. 3. B.D. SCHRIRE for facilitating his visit to U.K. (K, BM) Editorial Committee of the Flora of Taiwan, and to D.H. NICOLSON for kind invitation to visit Taipei: 160-396. USA (US, NY, GH, A). JEANES J. A. 1996. — Lotus, in WALSH N.G. &

ENTWISLE T.J. (eds), Flora of Victoria. Vol. 3.

Inkata Press, Melbourne: 700-705.

KIRKBRIDE J.H. JR 1999. — Distribution of Lotus REFERENCES species by country, in BEUSELINCK P.R. (ed.),

Trefoil: The Science and Technology of Lotus. ALI S.I. & SOKOLOFF D.D. 2001. — A new combina- CSSA Special Publication No. 28: 231-240. tion in Pseudolotus Rech.f. (Leguminosae: Loteae). KRAMINA T.E. & SOKOLOFF D.D. 2001. — Kebirita, a Kew Bull. 56: 721-723. new genus of Leguminosae-Loteae from NW ALLAN G.J., ZIMMER E.A., WAGNER W.L. & Africa. Bull. Moscow Soc. Natur., Biol. Ser. 106 (3): SOKOLOFF D.D. 2003. — Molecular phylogenetic 58-63 (in Russian). analyses of tribe Loteae (Leguminosae): implica- KRAMINA T.E. & SOKOLOFF D.D. 2003. — On Lotus tions for classification and biogeography, in sect. Erythrolotus (Leguminosae) and related taxa. KLITGAARD B. & BRUNEAU A. (eds), Advances in Bull. Moscow Soc. Natur., Biol. Ser. 108 (5): 59-63. Legume Systematics, part 10. Royal Botanic LARSEN K. & ŽERTOVÁ A. 1965. — The Australian Gardens, Kew: 371-393. Lotus species. A comparative taxonomical study. BISBY F.A., ZARUCCHI J.L., ROSKOV Y.R., SCHRIRE Feddes Repert. 72: 1-18. B.D., HEALD J. & WHITE R.J. (eds) 2001. — MORAT P., JAFFRÉ T. & VEILLON J.-M. 2001. — The ILDIS Legumes of the World: Draft Checklist. flora of New Caledonia’s calcareous substrates. Reading. (Electronic resource, 1 CD-ROM). Adansonia, sér. 3, 23 (1): 109-127. BLACK J.M. 1933. — Additions to the Flora of South NORRIS E.H. & HARDEN G.J. 1991. — Lotus, in Australia. Trans. Proc. Roy. Soc. South Australia 57: HARDEN G.J. (ed.), Flora of New South Wales. 153. Vol. 2. New South Wales University Press, Sydney: BRAND A. 1898. — Monographie der Gattung Lotus. 433-445. Bot. Jahrb. 25: 166-232. SOKOLOFF D.D. 1999. — Ottleya, a new genus of CHUANG C.C. & HUANG C. 1965. — The Legumi- Papilionaceae-Loteae from North America. Feddes nosae of Taiwan for Pasture and Soil Improvement. Repert. 110: 89-97. J o i n t c o m m i s s i o n o n r u r a l r e c o n s t r u c t i o n, SOKOLOFF D.D. 2000. — New combinations in Taipei. Acmispon (Leguminosae, Loteae). Ann. Bot. Fennici DAVID A. 1995. — The Voyage of HMS Herald to 37: 125-131. Australia and the South-West Pacific 1852-1861 SOKOLOFF D.D. 2001. — New records of Lotus Under the Command of Captain Henry Mangles (Leguminosae: Papilionoideae: Loteae) from Africa Denham. Melbourne University Press, Melbourne. and southwest Asia. Kew Bull. 56: 715-720. DOMIN K. 1926. — Beiträge zur Flora und SOKOLOFF D.D. 2003. — On system and phylogeny Pflanzengeographie Australiens. Teil 1. Abt. 3. Lf. 1. of the tribe Loteae DC. (Leguminosae). Bull. E. Schweizerbart’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Moscow Soc. Natur., Biol. Ser. 108 (3): 35-48 (in Stuttgart. Russian). ESKOV K. 1992. — Archaeid spiders from the Eocene TAKHTAJAN A. 1978. — The Floristic Regions of the Baltic amber (Chelicerata: Araneida: Archaeidae), World. Nauka, Leningrad. with remarks on the so-called “Gondwanan” ranges TAKHTAJAN A. 1986. — Floristic Regions of the World. of recent taxa. N. Jb. Geol. Palaeontol. Abh. 185 (3): University of California Press, Berkeley. 311-328. VERDCOURT B. 1979. — A Manual of New Guinea ESKOV K.YU. 2002. — Geographical history of Legumes. Office of Forests, Lae, N.G. Insects, in RASNYTSYN A.P. & QUICKE D.L.J. (eds), WALKER E.H. 1976. — Flora of Okinawa and the History of Insects. Kluwer, Dordrecht; Boston; Southern Ryukyu Islands. Smithsonian Institution London: 427-435. Press, Washington, D.C.

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ADANSONIA, sér. 3 • 2004 • 26 (2)

Submitted on 19 May 2003; accepted on 9 September 2004.

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Figures

FIG. 1. — Floral morphology of Lotus australis Andrews var. australis, Koch 831, South Australia, Mt Lofty Ranges, NSW 1042: A, flower; B, standard, side view; C, standard, view from inside; D, wing; E, keel. Scale bars: 2 mm. Drawing by M.V. REMIZOVA and T.E. KRAMINA.

FIG. 5. — Floral morphology of Lotus pacificus Kramina & D.D. Sokoloff, Tateishi & Murata 4794, Japan, Okinawa, Iriomote, Toyohara, TUS 56572: A, flower; B, C, standard, side view; D, standard, view from inside; E, wing; F, keel. Scale bars: 2 mm. Drawing by M.V. REMIZOVA and T.E. KRAMINA.

FIG. 9. — Floral morphology of Lotus anfractuosus (Bak.f.) Kramina & D.D. Sokoloff var. anfractuosus, Veillon 3089, New Caledonia, Île Beautemps-Beaupré, P00106383: A, flower; B, standard, side view; C, standard, view from inside; D, wing; E, keel. Scale bars: 1 mm. Drawing by M.V. REMIZOVA and T.E. KRAMINA.

FIG. 4. — Holotype of Lotus pacificus Kramina & D.D. Sokoloff, Furuse 2385, Japan, Ryukyu, Pref. Okinawa, Ishigaki Is., Ohono, 10 Feb. 1973 (MHA).

FIG. 8. — Lectotype of Lotus anfractuosus (Bak.f.) Kramina & D.D. Sokoloff, R.H. Compton 2252, New Caledonia, Île des Pins (Ouro), 16. Nov. 1914 (BM). By courtesy of The Natural History Museum, London.