Euploca procumbens (Mill.) Diane & Hilger, in Hilger and Diane, 2003

Feuillet, Christian, 2016, Two new combinations in Euploca Nutt. (Heliotropiaceae, Boraginales) and a conspectus of the species of the Guiana Shield area, PhytoKeys 61, pp. 101-124 : 108-110

Euploca procumbens (Mill.) Diane & Hilger, in Hilger and Diane, 2003

Euploca procumbens (Mill.) Diane & Hilger, in Hilger and Diane: Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 125 (1): 48. 2003.

Heliotropium procumbens Mill., Gard. Dict. ed. 8, Heliotropium n°10. 1768.

Euploca procumbens Type. Jamaica. herb. Miller (coll. Houston?) s.n. (lectotype, designated by Howard 1989, pg. 204: BM n.v. [photo GH!]).

Heliotropium americanum Mill., Gard. Dict. ed. 8, Heliotropium n°11. 1768.

Euploca procumbens Type. Mexico. Vera Cruz, 1731, Houston s.n. (lectotype, designated by Förther 1998, pg. 178: BM n.v.).

Heliotropium inundatum Sw., Prodr. 40. 1788.

Euploca procumbens Type (fide Förther 1998: 201). Jamaica. "insulae caribaeae", probably a Swartz coll. (holotype S?).

Heliotropium decumbens Lehm., Neue Schr. Naturf. Ges. Halle 3(2): 16. 1817. Type. Venezuela. Sucre: Cumana, Humboldt and Bonpland 57 (lectotype, designated by Förther 1998, pg. 190; B-WILLD 3239! [scan!]; isotypes MEL n.v., HAL n.v. [scan!], P! [2 sheets; scans!], P-Bonpl!) [same type collection as Heliotropium procumbens Kunth (below), but different holotype].

Heliotropium canescens Lehm., Pl. Asperif. Nucif. 38. 1818; illegitimate: not Moench 1794.

Euploca procumbens Type. Brazil. Sieber pro Hoffmannsegg s.n. (holotype B-WILLD 3242 n.v.; isotypes MEL 233279 n.v., HAL 71587 n.v. [scan!], P! [scan!], S n.v. [scan!]).

Heliotropium procumbens Kunth, Nov. Gen. Sp. (quarto ed.) 3: 88. 1818; nom. illeg. non Mill. 1768 + homotypic (different holo-) with Heliotropium decumbens Lehm. 1817. Type. Venezuela. Sucre: Cumana, Humboldt and Bonpland 57 (holotype P-Bonpl!; isotypes MEL n.v., HAL n.v., P! [2 sheets], B-WILLD 3239!) [same type collection as Heliotropium decumbens Lehm. (above), but different holotype].

Heliotropium canescens Kunth, Nov. Gen. Sp. (quarto ed.) 3: 88. 1818; nom. illeg. non Moench. 1794: 415.

Euploca procumbens Type. Venezuela. near Cumana, Humboldt 58 (holotype P!; isotype B-WILLD 3240/1!).

Heliotropium cinereum Kunth, Nov. Gen. Sp. (quarto ed.) 3: 89. 1818. Type. Venezuela. [Apure:] bank of the Apures, propre Arichuna, Mar, Bonpland and Humboldt 1202 (holotype P-Bonpl.!; isotypes B-WILLD 3240/2!, F n.v., P! [2 sheets]). [Same type collection as Heliotropium humboldtianum below, but different holotype]

Heliotropium humboldtianum Roem. & Schult., Syst. Veg. 4: 737. 1819. Type. Venezuela. [Apure:] bank of the Apures, propre Arichuna, Mar, Bonpland and Humboldt 1202 (lectotype, designated by Förther 1998, pg. 200: B-WILLD 3240/2!; isotypes F n.v., P! [2 sheets], P-Bonpl!). [Same type collection as Heliotropium cinereum above, but different holotype]

Heliotropium brasilianum Roth, Nov. Pl. Sp.: 103. 1821.

Euploca procumbens Type. Brazil. Mertens s.n. (holotype B † [photo F-17314, GH, NY, US]).

Heliotropium riparium Mart. ex Colla, Herb. Pedem. 4: 226. 1835.

Euploca procumbens Type. Brazil. Rio Belmonte, Martius s.n. (holotype TO n.v.; isotypes BM n.v., BR n.v., K!).

Heliotropium willdenowii G. Don, Gen. Hist. 4: 359. 1838. Type. A renaming of illegitimate Heliotropium canescens Lehm.

Heliotropium rigidulum DC., Prodr. 9: 543. 1845.

Euploca procumbens Type. Mexico. near Matamoros, July 1831, Berlandier pl. exs. 234 (holotype G-DC n.v.; isotypes BM n.v., BP n.v., F n.v. [scan!], G-DC n.v., LE n.v., P! [2 sheets, scans!], W n.v.).

Heliotropium houstonii DC., Prodr. 9: 549. 1845; nom. illeg. renaming of Heliotropium procumbens Mill. Type. Based on Heliotropium procumbens Mill.

Schleidenia elliptica Fresen., Fl. Bras. 8(1): 42. 1857.

Euploca procumbens Type. Brazil. Minas Gerais: near Salvado, Aug 1819, Martius s.n. (lectotype, designated by Förther 1998, pg. 235: M n.v.; isotype M n.v.).

Schleidenia longepetiolata Fresen., Fl. Bras. 8(1): 42. 1857.

Euploca procumbens Type. Brazil. Goyaz: Rio Maranhao, Pohl 2352 and 2384 (sic! distributed as 1593) (lectotype, designated by Förther 1998, pg. 236: W n.v. [photo F-31909, GH, US]; isotypes F n.v. [scan!; photo F-57726], K! [scan!], W n.v.).

Schleidenia inundata (Sw.) Fresen., Fl. Bras. 8(1): 43. 1857. Type. Based on Heliotropium inundatum Sw.

Schleidenia leptostachya Fresen., Fl. Bras. 8(1): 43. 1857.

Euploca procumbens Syntype: Brazil. Bahia: Blanchet 3610 (G n.v., GH n.v. [fragments, scan!], NY!, P! [3 sheets, scans!]). Type. Brazil. Bahia: near Joazeiro, Apr 1819, Martius s.n. (lectotype, designated by Förther 1998, pg. 235: M [photo F-20310, NY, GH]; isotypes FI-W!, GH [fragment], M [2 sheets]).

Heliotropium ellipticum (Fresen.) Gürke, in Engler and Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam.. 4(3a): 97. 1893. Type. Based on Schleidenia elliptica Fresen.

Heliotropium leptostachyum (Fresen.) Gürke, in Engler and Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 4(3a): 97. 1893. Type. Based on Schleidenia leptostachya Fresen.

Heliotropium longepetiolatum (Fresen.) Gürke, in Engler and Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 4(3a): 97. 1893. Type. Based on Schleidenia longepetiolata Fresen.

Heliotropium bridgesii Rusby, Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 4: 224. 1895.

Euploca procumbens Type. Bolivia. Cochabamba, 1891, Bang 950 (holotype NY!; isotypes B †, BM n.v., GH n.v., K n.v., LE n.v., M n.v., MO n.v. [scan!], NY!, US! [2 sheets], W n.v.).

Heliotropium riparium Chodat, Bull. Herb. Boiss., sér. 2, 2: 817. 1902; nom. illeg. non Mart. ex Colla 1835.

Euploca procumbens Type. Paraguay. "ad ripam lacus Ypacaray", Hassler 3893 (holotype G!; isotype P§

Type.

Based on Heliotropium procumbens Mill.

Description.

Annual herbs up to 50 cm long, usually cinereous; stems erect or decumbent, sericeous, trichomes appressed. Leaves: petiole slender, 0.4-2.4 cm long; lamina elliptic, obovate or broadly oblanceolate, 1-6 × 0.3-2 cm, apex acute, mucronate, base attenuate, margin entire, both surfaces sericeous. Inflorescences terminal or axillary, peduncle 1-3 cm long, slender scorpioid cymes, mostly geminate or ternate, bractless, up to 10 cm long, sericeous. Flower subsessile: calyx deeply lobed, lobes unequal, lanceolate to linear, about 2/3 as long as corolla tube; corolla white, tube 1-1.4 mm long, throat yellow, lobes spreading ovate with rounded sinus, <0.5 mm long; stamens subsessile, anthers ovate with a small apical appendage, free; ovary about 0.3 mm diam., style lacking; stigma sessile forming with the ovary a blunt cone. Fruit: depressed-globose, 4-lobed, strigose; nutlets up to 1 mm long.

Distribution.

Venezuela (Amazonas, Bolívar, Delta Amacuro), Guyana, Brazil ( Pará, Roraima); also West Indies and from Southern United States to Argentina.

Selected specimens studied.

Guyana. s.l., Appun 1762 (K); 1839, Rob. Schomburgk 1024 (K); Schomburgk 1026 (K); Upper Takutu-Upper Essequibo, NW Kanuku Mtns, near Nappi Village, 13 Feb 1993, Hoffman 3743 (BRG, F, L, US).

Note.

Förther (1998: 200) placed Heliotropium humboltianum Roem. & Schult. 1819 in the synonymy of Heliotropium procumbens . He designated as the lectotype Humboldt and Bonpland [1202]. Humboldt 1202 is the type of Heliotropium filiforme (see above under Euploca filiformis ).