Pariana zingiberina Sagot ex Döll (1877: 377)

Lopes-Neto, Raimundo Balieiro & Viana, Pedro Lage, 2022, Flora of the Serra do Cachimbo (Eastern Amazon, Brazil): Bambusoideae (Poaceae), including the description of two new species, Phytotaxa 550 (2), pp. 99-129 : 120-121

Pariana zingiberina Sagot ex Döll (1877: 377) .

Syntypes:— BRAZIL. Pará : habitat in sylvis ad Cunumá, Martius s.n. (M) . FRENCH GUIANA. In uliginosis umbrosis silvaticis Guianae gallica, Richard s.n. (B-100366202, P-2647596); Yelski s.n. (herbarium unknown).

Rhizomes not seen. Culms dimorphic; vegetative culms 42–46 cm tall, erect, internodes ca. 4 cm long, solid, smooth, shortly-pubescent, with retrorse trichomes; flowering culms ca. 18 cm tall, erect, internodes ca. 4 cm long, pithy in center, smooth, shortly-pubescent; nodes brownish (in siccus), glabrous. Leaf sheaths shortly-pubescent, margins glabrous; ligules ca. 1 mm long, membranous; auricles distinctly developed, fimbriae present, few, 6–7 per leaf, erect, 5–6 mm long; pseudopetioles ca. 3 mm long, flat, puberulent; blades 7.6–7.9 × 1.9–2.7 cm, L:W = 2.9–4, oblonglanceolate, glabrous on both surfaces, midnerve densely pubescent, slightly asymmetrical, base attenuate, margins scabridulous, apex acuminate; flowering culm bladeless, sheath shortly pilose, margins scabridulous. Synflorescences 5.6–7.5 cm long, rachis puberulent. Male spikelets ca. 6 × 3 mm, ellipsoid, dorsally compressed; pedicels ca. 3 mm long, glabrous to glabrescent, densely pubescent at the base, spikelets not covering the pedicels; glumes subequal, 4–5 × 1 mm, ovate-lanceolate, 2-nerved, but only one evident, stramineous (in siccus), shortly pilose, margins scabridulous, apex acute to acuminate; lemma ca. 6 × 3 mm, elliptic, 3-nerved, stramineous (in siccus), shortly pilose, margins glabrous, apex acute; palea ca. 5 × 2 mm, elliptic, 2-nerved, stramineous (in siccus), shortly pilose to glabrescent, margins glabrous, apex acute; stamens 8–10, not fused, exserted, filaments 3–4 mm long, glabrous, anthers ca. 2 mm long, brownish (in siccus). Female spikelets ca. 6 × 3 mm, ovoid, dorsally compressed; glumes 2, subequal, elliptic, 1-nerved, hyaline (in siccus), glabrous, margins scabridulous, apex acute; anthecium ca. 6 × 3 mm, ovoid, stramineous (in siccus), scabridulous toward the apex, margins glabrous, apex cute; lemma 3-nerved; palea 2-nerved; lodicules not seen; staminodes absent; ovary ca. 1 mm long, elliptic, glabrous; style not seen. Caryopsis not seen. Terminal spikelet ca. 7 × 3 mm, sterile and bearing an abortive male spikelet, ellipsoid, 3-nerved, stramineous (in siccus), shortly pilose, margins scabridulous, apex acuminate; abortive male spikelet ca. 7 × 3 mm; lower glume ca. 6 × 3 mm; upper glume ca. 5 × 3 mm; anthecium ca. 5 × 2 mm, elliptic, stramineous (in siccus), scabridulous toward the apex, margins glabrous, apex acute; lemma 3-nerved; palea 2-nerved.

Specimens examined: — BRAZIL. Mato Grosso: Novo Mundo, Parque Estadual do Cristalino, Cruz da malta piloto, trilha de acesso, 347 m, 9°29’43.72”S, 55°09’57.07”W, Diacoppini & Córdova 527 ( CNMT). Pará: Altamira, December 2003, Sobral 10476 ( HUEFS) .

Additional specimens examined: — BRAZIL. Pará : Boca do Rio Juruena, fronteira Amazonas-Pará-Mato Grosso, 31 December 1951, Pires 3701 ( IAN) ; Foz do Rio Juruena , margem direita, 1 January 1952, Pires 3720 ( IAN) . Missão Cururu , cerrado on hillside of white sand and dense forest at base of hill, 140 m, 35’S, 57°31’W, 08 February 1974, Anderson 10645 ( IAN) .

Distribution and habitat: —This species occurs in Bolivia, Brazil, French Guyana, Peru and Venezuela ( Judziewicz et al. 2000). In Brazil, it is registered in the states of Acre, Amapá and Pará (Flora do Brasil 2020b) and this is the first record for the state of Mato Grosso. In the Serra do Cachimbo, it was found in Open ombrophilous forest.

Comments: — Pariana zingiberina differs from P. radiciflora by the sheath auricles distinctly developed, leaf sheaths sparsely fimbriate, 6–7 per leaves, blades with a L:W ratio of 2.9–4, glabrous on both surfaces and apex acuminate. Many morphological characters of these two species are variable and overlapping (see comments under P. radiciflora ). Further study is needed to unravel their delimitation at the species level.