Lingulatus luzhishen Lin & Li, 2023

Lin, Yejie, Li, Shuqiang & Pham, Dinh-Sac, 2023, Taxonomic notes on some spider species (Arachnida: Araneae) from China and Vietnam, Zoological Systematics 48 (1), pp. 1-99 : 42-44

Lingulatus luzhishen Lin & Li , sp. nov. ( Figs 33– 34 , 47E–F )

Etymology. The species is named after Lu Zhishen, one of the 108 outlaws in the classical Chinese literature Outlaws of the Marsh; noun in apposition.

Diagnosis. Males of the new species can be distinguished from all congeners by the absence of ventral and dorsal tibial apophyses and a posterior tegular sheet, the small anterior tegular sheet and the blunt tip of the retrolateral tibial apophysis. The female of the new species is similar to L. brevis Mu & Zhang, 2022 by the curved copulatory ducts and oval spermatheca. However, the new species can be distinguished by the S-shaped copulatory ducts (vs. slightly curved in L. brevis ).

Description. Male (holotype). Total length 3.77; carapace 1.71 long, 1.49 wide, opisthosoma 2.06 long, 1.25 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.12, ALE 0.11, PME 0.09, PLE 0.16, AME–AME 0.05, AME–ALE 0.02, PME–PME 0.12, PME–PLE 0.07, AME–PME 0.10, ALE–PLE 0.08. Chelicerae with two promarginal and three retromarginal teeth. Leg measurements: I 7.17 (1.94, 2.78, 1.77, 0.68), II 5.37 (1.45, 1.94, 1.29, 0.69), III 4.12 (1.09, 1.35, 1.08, 0.60), IV 6.34 (1.71, 1.93, 1.81, 0.89). Leg spination: I femur 4pv, 2d, tibia 7pv, 8rv, metatarsus 4-4v; II femur 3pv, 2d, tibia 6pv, 7rv, metatarsus 4pv, 3rv, III femur 2d, IV femur 2d.

Coloration ( Fig. 47E ). Carapace brown, edge black. Chelicerae brown. Endites and labium dark brown. Sternum yellow-brown. Leg I red, others yellow-brown with black setae. Opisthosoma oval, dorsum brown, terminus with a white spot, dorsal scutum covering almost all of opisthosoma, laterally black, ventrally yellow-brown. Spinnerets yellow.

Palp ( Fig. 33 ). Femoral apophysis weak, almost three times longer than the width of patella, with groove. Patella almost as long as wide. Ventral tibial apophysis and dorsal tibial apophysis absent. Retrolateral tibial apophysis long, almost as long as tibia, terminus blunt. Cymbium two times longer than wide. Bulb oval. Sperm duct U-shaped. Tegular apophysis triangular, small, inconspicuous. Anterior tegular sheet small, pointed tip, arising at clock 1:30 position. Posterior tegular sheet absent. Embolus with broad base and pointed tip, slightly curved.

Female (IZCAS-Ar43935). Total length 3.80; carapace 1.66 long, 1.45 wide, opisthosoma 2.14 long, 1.15 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.11, ALE 0.11, PME 0.09, PLE 0.09, AME–AME 0.06, AME–ALE 0.03, PME–PME 0.13, PME–PLE 0.07, AME–PME 0.10, ALE–PLE 0.09. Chelicerae with two promarginal and four retromarginal teeth. Leg measurements: I 6.59 (1.92, 2.30, 1.74, 0.63), II 5.53 (1.46, 2.08, 1.29, 0.70), III 4.22 (1.13, 1.35, 1.11, 0.63), IV 6.49 (1.75, 2.04, 1.81, 0.89). Leg spination: I femur 4pv, 2d, tibia 8pv, 9rv, metatarsus 4pv, 3rv; II femur 3pv, 2d, tibia 7pv, 6rv, metatarsus 4pv, 3rv, IV femur 1d.

Coloration ( Fig. 47F ). Similar to that of male except paler and dorsal scutum absent.

Epigyne ( Fig. 34 ). Epigynal plate rectangular, ventrum strongly curved. Copulatory openings at middle of epigynal plate. Copulatory ducts strongly curved and thick, S-shaped. Bursae large, almost oval, wider than long, covering nearly 2/3 of epigynal plate. Glandular appendages short, transverse, directed laterally. Spermathecae oval, terminally separated. Fertilization ducts directed toward clock 12:00 position from spermathecae.

Material examined. Holotype ♂ (IZCAS-Ar43932), Vietnam: Vinh Phuc, Tam Dao National Park, Natural Forest , Pitfall traps, 1–30 March 2008, Dinh-Sac Pham leg. Paratypes. 2♂ 1♀ (IZCAS-Ar43933–Ar43935), same data as holotype .

Distribution. Known only from the type locality.

Figures

Figure 33. Lingulatus luzhishen Lin & Li, sp. nov., holotype male. A. Left palp, ventral view; B. Same, retrolateral view. Abbreviations: aTS—anterior tegular sheet; E—embolus; RTA—retrolateral tibial apophysis; SD—sperm duct; TA—tegular apophysis. Scale bars=0.1mm.

Figure 34. Lingulatus luzhishen Lin & Li, sp. nov., paratype female. A. Epigyne, ventral view; B. Vulva, dorsal view. Abbreviations: B—bursa; CD—copulatory duct; CO—copulatory opening; FD—fertilization duct; GA—glandular appendage; S—spermatheca. Scale bars=0.1mm.

Figure 47. Habitus of Phrurolithidae species, male (A, C, E, G, I, K) and female (B, D, F, H, J, L) dorsal view.A–B. Lingulatus liying Lin & Li, sp. nov.; C–D. L. longfeiae Lin & Li, sp. nov.; E–F. L. luzhishen Lin & Li, sp. nov.; G–H. L. zhangqing Lin & Li, sp. nov.; I–J. L. zhutong Lin & Li, sp. nov.; K–L. Otacilia liuxinyei Lin & Li, sp. nov. Scale bars=0.5mm.