Paridea (Paridea) taiwana ( Chujo , 1935)

Lee, Chi-Feng & Bezdek, Jan, 2014, Revision of the genus Paridea Baly, 1886 from Taiwan (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Galerucinae), ZooKeys 405, pp. 83-125 : 99-103

Paridea (Paridea) taiwana ( Chujo, 1935) stat. r.

Paraulaca taiwana Chûjô, 1935: 167; Kimoto 1966: 29 (as synonym of Paridea sauteri ).

Paraulaca (Carapaula) taiwana : Chûjô 1962: 200 (redescription); Chûjô 1965: 98.

Type locality.

Taiwan, Hualien.

Type material.

Lectotype male (TARI), pinned, here designated to fix the concept of Paraulaca taiwana Chûjô and to ensure the universal and consistent interpretation of the same, labeled: "Formosa [p] / Karenko [= Hualien], -- 9. [p] / VII 20-VIII 4. [p] / T. Okuni, [p, w] // COTYPE [p, circle label with yellow letters] // Paraulaca [h] / taiwana Chûjô [h] / DET. M. CHUJO [p, g] // 2186 [p, w] // Lectotypus [p] / Paraulaca taiwana ♂ [p] / Chûjô, 1935 [p] / des. C.-F. Lee, 2014 [p, r]". Paralectotypes: 3♀♀ (TARI), same as lectotype but with "756, 2188, and 2189"; 1♂ (TARI): "Arisan [= Alishan], [h] / 1912-X-10 [h] / Col. I. Nitobe [p, w] // Paridea n sp. [h] / Det. Shiraki [p, w] // Aulacophora ? [h] / quadriplagiata Baly [h] / Det. Shiraki [p, w] // COTYPE [p, circle label with yellow letters] // Paraulaca [h] / taiwana Chûjô [h] / DET. M. CHUJO [p, g] // 755 [p, w]"; 1♀ (TARI): "Arisan [= Alishan] [p] / Formosa [p] / 25.X.1933 [p] / Col. M. CHUJO [p] // COTYPE [p, circle label with yellow letters] // Paraulaca [h] / taiwana Chûjô [h] / DET. M. CHUJO [p, g] // No. 1338 [p, w]"; 1♂ (TARI): "Rakuraku [in Hualien] [p] / 18.IV.1924 [p] / T. Shiraki [p, w] // COTYPE [p, circle label with yellow letters] // Paraulaca [h] / taiwana Chûjô [h] / DET. M. CHUJO [p, g] // 2191 [p, w]"; 1♀ (TARI): "Funkiko [= Fenchihu, in Chiayi] [h] / 16.II.1926 [h] / Col. J. Sonan [p, w] // COTYPE [p, circle label with yellow letters] // Paraulaca [h] / taiwana Chûjô [h] / DET. M. CHUJO [p, g] // 2190 [p, w]"; 1♀ (TARI): "Raisha [= Laiyi, in Pingtung] [p] / 30-VIII-1927 [p] / J. Sonan [p, w] // COTYPE [p, circle label with yellow letters] // Paraulaca [h] / taiwana Chûjô [h] / DET. M. CHUJO [p, g] // 2187 [p, w]"; 1♀ (SDEI): "Suisharyo [= Shuisheliao, in Chiayi] [p] / Formosa [p] / H. Sauter X.11 [p, w] // Syntypus [p, r] // Paraulaca [h] / taiwana [h] / Chûjô [h] / DET. M. CHUJO [p, g] // DEI Müncheberg [p] / Col - 04211 [p, g]"; 1♂ (SDEI): "Taihorinsho [= Talin, in Chiayi] [p] / Formosa [p] / H. Sauter [p] X 09 [h, w] // Syntypus [p, r] // Paraulaca [h] / taiwana [h] / Chûjô [h] / DET. M. CHUJO [p, g] // DEI Müncheberg [p] / Col - 04212 [p, g]". Each paralectotype has a type label: "Paralectotypus [p] / Paraulaca taiwana ♂ [or ♀] [p] / Chûjô, 1935 [p] / des. C.-F. Lee, 2014 [p, pink label]"

Additional material examined

(n = 503).TAIWAN:Chiayi: 1♀, Arisan (= Alishan), 2-23.X.1918, leg. J. Sonan & M. Yoshino (BMHH); 2♀♀, Alishan, 5-9.VIII.1981, leg. L. Y. Chou and S. C. Lin; 1♀, same locality, 27.VI.2010, leg. U. Ong; 2♂♂, Laichitashan, 19.III.2009, leg. H. Lee; Hsinchu: 1♀, Litungshan, 3.V.2008, leg. Y.-L. Lin; 1♂, Mamei, 4.V.2008, leg. H.-F. Yu; 1♀, same locality, 18.V.2008, leg. M.-H. Tsou; 1♂, Shihlei, 6.III.2010, leg. Y.-L. Lin; 1♂, Talu logging trail, 29.IV.2008, leg. Y.-L. Lin; 1♀, same locality, 19.VI.2010, leg. Y.-L. Lin; 1♂, same locality, 17.III.2012, leg. Y.-L. Lin; Hualien: 1♂, Huitouwan, 10.VII.2007, leg. C.-F. Lee; 1♀, Tayuling, 9-16.VI.1980, leg. K. S. Lin and B. H. Chen; Ilan: 1♂, Mingchi, 20.IV.2007, leg. H.-H. Li; 1♀, Taipingshan, 12.VI.2007, leg. Y.-C. Chang; 1♂, Tuchang, 1.III.2007, leg. H.-H. Li; Kaoshiung: 1♂, Chungchihkuang, 16.IV.2012, leg. L.-P. Hsu; 2♂♂, 1♀, 10-13.X.2012, leg. L.-P. Hsu; 15♂♂, Erchituan, 1.III.2009, leg. U. Ong; 2♂♂, 1♀, same locality, 1.V.2009, leg. U. Ong; 3♂♂, 1♀, same locality, 21.VI.2010, leg. U. Ong; 1♂, same locality, 8.III.2013, leg. B.-X. Guo; 1♂, Southern C.-I. Hwy, 19.IX.2008, leg. L. Dembick (BMNH); 1♂, Shihshan logging trail, 23.III.2009, leg. H. Lee; 4♀♀, Tengchih, 2-5.VI.2008, leg. C.-F. Lee; 2♂♂, same locality, 12.III.2013, leg. Y.-T. Chung; 1♂, same locality, 19.III.2013, leg. Y.-T. Chung; 3♂♂, same locality, 31.III.2013, leg. W.-C. Liao; 2♂♂, same locality, 8.VI.2013, leg. W.-C. Liao; 1♀, same locality, 15.VI.2013, leg. B.-X. Guo; 2♂♂, same locality, 6.VII.2013, leg. W.-C. Liao; 2♂♂, 10.VIII.2013, leg. W.-C. Laio; 1♂, 1♀, Tona logging trail, 25.II.2013, leg. Y.-T. Chung; Nantou: 2♀♀, Hoshe, 22.VII.1982, leg. L. Y. Chou and T. Lin; 1♀, Hsitou, 12.IX.2009, leg. C.-F. Lee; 1♂, same locality, 10.V.2010, leg. Y.-T. Wang; 1♀, Lushan, 28.VI.1981, leg. K. S. Lin and W. S. Tang; 1♀, same locality, 6.VIII.2008, leg. H. Medel & M. V. L. Barclay (BMNH); 1♀, same locality, 8.VIII.2008, leg. H. Medel, U. Ong, M. V. L. Barclay & R. Ewers (BMNH); 1♀, Meifeng, 10.V.1979, leg. K. C. Chou; 3♂♂, 3♀♀, same locality, 20- 22.VI.1979, leg. K. S. Lin and B. H. Chen; 2♀♀, same locality, 29.VIII-10.IX.1979; 3♂♂, same locality, 2-12.X.1979; 1♂, 1♀, same locality, 24.X.1979, leg. K. C. Chou; 1♂, 1♀, same locality, 25.X-7.XI.1979; 1♀, same locality, 2-4.VI.1980, leg. L. Y. Chou & C. C. Chen; 3♀♀, same locality, 8.VI.1980, leg. K. S. Lin and B. H. Chen; 1♂, 3♀♀, same locality, 26.VIII.1980, leg. K. S. Lin and C. H. Wang; 1♂, 4♀♀, same locality, 5-9.X.1980, leg. C. C. Chen and C. C. Chien; 4♂♂, 7♀♀, same locality, 7-9.V.1981, leg. K. S. Lin and S. C. Lin; 2♀♀, same locality, 24-26.VI.1981, leg. K. S. Lin and W. S. Tang; 1♂, same locality, 28-29.VIII.1981, leg. L. Y. Chou and S. C. Lin; 1♀, same locality, 22.V.1982, leg. L. Y. Chou; 1♀, same locality, 15.VII.1982, leg. S. C. Lin and C. N. Lin; 1♂, same locality, 4-7.X.1982, leg. K. C. Chou; 1♂, 1♀, same locality, 8-11.V.1984, leg. K. C. Chou and C. C. Pan; 1♀, Mong Gwu, 14 km E of Puli, 20.IV.2002, leg. D. Anstine, G. Fabián & O. Merkl (JBCB); 1♀, Sungkang, 13-15.IX.1984, leg. K. S. Lin and S. C. Lin; 1♀, same locality, 3.VII.2008, leg. M.-H. Tsou; 1♀, Tsuifeng, 8.V.1981, leg. K. S. Lin and S. C. Lin; 1♀, same locality, 12-14.IX.1984, leg. K. S. Lin and S. C. Lin; 1♂, Tungpu, 20-22.VI.1980, leg. C. C. Chen; 6♂♂, 8♀♀, same locality, 25-29.IX.1980, leg. L. Y. Chou and T. Lin; 8♂♂, 9♀♀, same locality, 28.IV-2.V.1981, leg. T. Lin and C. J. Lee; 9♂♂, 6♀♀, same locality, 5-8.X.1981, leg. T. Lin and W. S. Tang; 9♂♂, 11♀♀, same locality, 18-23.XI.1981, leg. T. Lin and W. S. Tang; 9♂♂, 21♀♀, same locality, 19-23.VII.1982, leg. L. Y. Chou and T. Lin; 2♂♂, 4♀♀, same locality, 22-25.XI.1982, leg. K. C. Chou and S. P. Huang; 5♂♂, 6♀♀, same locality, 20-24.VI.1983, leg. K. C. Chou and C. Y. Wong; 16♂♂, 28♀♀, same locality, 23-27.VII.1984, leg. K. C. Chou and C. H. Yang; 2♂♂, same locality, XI.1985, leg. K. S. Lin; 1♂, 1♀, Salihsien-shi near Tungpu, 23.XI.2002, leg. L. Ronkay & O. Merkl (JBCB, HNHM); 2♂♂, 2♀♀, Wanfengtsun, 2.IV.2008, leg. W.-T. Liu; 1♀, same locality, 24.IV.2008, leg. W.-T. Liu; 1♂, same locality, 8.VII.2008, leg. W.-T. Liu; 2♂♂, Wushe, 19-23.VI.1979, leg. K. S. Lin and B. H. Chen; 1♀, same locality, 20-22.VI.1980, leg. C. C. Chen; 2♀♀, same locality, 8.X.1980, leg. C. C. Chen and C. C. Chien; 2♀♀, same locality, 6-11.V.1981, leg. K. S. Lin and S. C. Lin; 1♀, same locality, 23-28.VI.1981, leg. K. S. Lin and W. S. Tang; 1♀, same locality, 4.VIII.1981, leg. T. Lin and W. S. Tang; 1♂, same locality, 14.VII.1982, leg. S. C. Lin and C. N. Lin; 10♂♂, 4♀♀, same locality, 30.VIII.-2.IX.1982, leg. L. Y. Chou and K. C. Chou; 4♂♂, 1♀, same locality, 7-8.X.1982, leg. K. C. Chou; 3♂♂, 3♀♀, same locality, 19-22.IV.1983, leg. K. C. Chou and S. P. Huang; 2♂♂, 2♀♀, same locality, 7.V.1984, leg. K. C. Chou and C. C. Pan; 2♂♂, 2♀♀, same locality, 17.VIII.1984, leg. K. S. Lin; 1♂, same locality, 11-15.IX.1984, leg. K. S. Lin; 6♂♂, 1♀, same locality, 23.III.2009, leg. U. Ong; 1♂, same locality, 21.VI.2009, leg. U. Ong; 1♂, 11♀♀, Kao-Leng Dyi, 18 km W of Wushe, 18.-19.IV.2002, leg. D. Anstine, G. Fabián & O. Merkl (HNHM, 1♀ JBCB); Pingtung: 1♀, Lilungshan, 5.XI.2009, leg. M.-H. Tsou; 4♂♂, Machia, 11.III.2013, leg. Y.-T. Chung; 1♂, Peitawushan, 25.VI.2012, leg. J.-C. Chen; 2♂♂, 1♀, Tahanshan, 24.VI.2007, leg. C.-F. Lee; 4♂♂, 4♀♀, same locality, 18-20.VII.2007, leg. C.-F. Lee and M.-H. Tsou; 1♀, same locality, 25.V.2008, leg. C.-F. Lee; 1♂, 1♀, same locality, 4.VII.2008, leg. M.-H. Tsou; 2♀♀, 21.III.2009, leg. M.-H. Tsou; 1♀, same locality, 5.IV.2009, leg. C.-F. Lee; 1♀, same locality, 18.V.2009, leg. M.-L. Jeng; 1♂, same locality, 28.VI.2009, leg. Y.-T. Chung; 1♂, same locality, 7.IX.2009, leg. U. Ong; 1♀, same locality, 3.XI.2009, leg. M.-H. Tsou; 1♂, 11.I.2010, leg. J.-C. Chen; 1♂, same locality, 28.VIII.2010, leg. Y.-L. Lin; 1♀, same locality, 5.VII.2011, leg. M.-H. Tsou; 1♂, same locality, 14.VIII.2011, leg. Y.-T. Wang; 2♂♂, same locality, 6.I.2012, leg. Y.-T. Chung; 1♀, same locality, 3.VI.2012, leg. W.-C. Liao; 1♀, same locality, 30.VII.2012, leg. Y.-T. Chung; 3♂♂, same locality, 20.X.2012, leg. W.-C. Liao; 1♀, same localtity, 10.XI.2012, leg. W.-C. Liao; 1♂, same locality, 15.XII.2012, leg. W.-C. Liao; 1♂, same locality, 14.I.2013, leg. Y.-T. Chung; 3♂♂, same locality, 26.II.2013, leg. Y.-T. Chung; 1♀, same locality, 14.III.2013, leg. Y.-T. Chung; 8♂♂, 2♀♀, same locality, 26.III.2013, leg. C.-F. Lee; 1♂, 2♀♀, same locality, 3.IV.2013, leg. Y.-T. Chung; 2♀♀, same locality, 25.V.2013, leg. Y.-T. Chung; 1♀, same locality, 2.VII.2013, leg. Y.-T. Chung; 1♀, same locality, 3.VII.2013, leg. B.-X. Guo; 2♂♂, 1♀, same locality, 1.X.2013, leg. Y.-T. Chung; 6♂♂, 5♀♀, Wutai, 12.IV.2009, leg. U. Ong; 2♀♀, same locality 9-12.V.1009, leg. U. Ong; 1♂, same locality, 17.V.2009, leg. U. Ong; 1♂, same locality, 1.IV.2010, leg. U. Ong; Taichung: 2♂♂, Anmashan, 16.VII.2007, leg. M.-H. Tsou; 1♀, same locality, 22.IX.2007, leg. M.-H. Tsou; 2♀♀, same locality, 7.VI.2010, leg. C.-F. Lee; 2♂♂, Chiapaotai, 14-18.X.1980, leg. K. S. Lin and C. H. Wang; 2♀♀, Kukuan, 14-17.X.1980, leg. K. S. Lin and C. H. Wang; Tainan: 2♂♂, 1♀, Kantoushan, 14.III.2010, leg. M.-H. Tsou; 1♀, Meiling, 28.XII.2008, leg. U. Ong; 2♂♂, 5♀♀, same locality, 24.III.2011, leg. U. Ong; 1♀, same locality, 24.IV.2013, leg. B.-X. Guo; 1♂, same locality, 7.VI.2013, leg. Y.-T. Chung; 1♂, Pichien, 11.II.2009, leg. U. Ong; Taipei, 1♀, Chutzuhu, 26.V.1983, leg. K. C. Chou; 1♂, same locality, 29.IV.2007, leg. M.-H. Tsou; Taitung: 1♀, Chihpen, 17-18.II.1982, leg. L. Y. Chou and K. C. Chou; 2♂♂, 1♀, Guanshan, 31.X.2009, leg. P.-F. Wang; 7♂♂, Hsiangyang, 14.VIII.2012, leg. C.-F. Lee; 1♂, Lichia, 2.VI.2009, leg. U. Ong; 1♀, Litao, 23.VI.2010, leg. M.-H. Tsou; 1♀, same locality, 4.X.2010, leg. M.-H. Tsou; 1♀, Liyuan, 19.VI.2013, leg. C.-F. Lee; 5♀♀, Motien, 23-24.VI.2010, leg. M.-H. Tsou; 12♂♂, same locality, 5.X.2010, leg. C.-F. Lee; 1♂, same locality, 19.VI.2011, leg. C.-F. Lee; 4♂♂, Taimali, 20.III.2008, P.-F. Wang; 1♂, Wulu logging trail, 26.IX.2007, leg. J.-F. Tsai; Taoyuan: 1♂, Paling, 3-5.V.1983, leg. K. C. Chou and C. C. Pan; 2♂♂, 2♀♀, Sankuang, 17.X.2009, leg. Y.-L. Lin. If not otherwise stated, all specimens deposited in TARI.

Diagnosis.

This species is similar to Paridea (Paridea) sinensis in general color pattern but differs in possessing extremely variable black spots on the elytra, the smaller external process on the penis and the abruptly widened apex of the penis in lateral view (the external processes are extremely long and the penis is slender in lateral view in Paridea (Paridea) sinensis ) and the modified apical margin of the fifth abdominal ventrite of females (Fig. 87).

Males.

Length 5.1-5.9 mm, width 2.8-3.2 mm. General color (Figs 74-76) yellowish brown, two pairs of black spots on elytra, anterior one near humerus and other subapical, sizes of spots variable, sometimes spots enlarged and connected with each other (Fig. 77), even whole elytra black except apices (Fig. 78), sometimes black spots reduced (Fig. 79); outer margins of femora and tibiae black; metathoracic ventrites black. Eighth abdominal tergite (Fig. 88) weakly sclerotized, transverse and wide, apical margin slightly emarginate at middle, with dense long seta along apical margin. Penis (Figs 83-84) wide; apex tubular, curved from lateral view; strongly widened near apex from lateral view; external process small, smaller than medial process; medial process wide apex with several setae.

Females.

Length 4.8-7.1 mm, width 2.7-3.7 mm. Similar to male; apical margin of last abdominal ventrite emarginate at middle, slightly convex at emargination. Gonocoxae (Fig. 86) slender, apex of each gonocoxa with seven or eight setae from apical 1/7 to apex; connection of gonocoxae extremely slender, base slender. Sternite VIII (Fig. 89) weakly sclerotized; apex wide, apical margin concave at middle, surface with dense long setae along apical margin, spiculum short. Spermathecal receptaculum (Fig. 15) slightly swollen; pump extremely long, strongly curved; spermathecal duct short, stout, shallowly projecting into receptaculum.

Distribution.

Endemic to Taiwan. It is the most common and widespread species of the genus in Taiwan (Fig. 66).

Host plant.

Cucurbitaceae : Thladiantha nudiflora Hemsl. ex Forbes & Hemsl.