Indoseges, Choudhury & Siliwal & Das & Giroti, 2021
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publication ID |
https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.4963.1.4 |
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publication LSID |
lsid:zoobank.org:pub:DCC8AE3C-BD6C-43B4-A54F-FAB366DFDAAE |
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DOI |
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4696982 |
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persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4608A06B-9942-9A1F-2F9D-9FD26B1A26EA |
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treatment provided by |
Plazi |
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scientific name |
Indoseges |
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gen. nov. |
Indoseges View in CoL gen. nov. Siliwal, Das, Choudhury & Giroti
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:4A00F387-0EBB-4B58-A2DA-66056B230B2F
Diagnosis: Indoseges gen. nov. resembles Ariadninae genera, but differs from Segestriinae genera Gippsicola Hogg, 1900 and Segestria Latreille, 1804 by having labium narrowed distally ( Fig. 1 B View FIGURE 1 , 4 B View FIGURE 4 , 6 B View FIGURE 6 , 9 B View FIGURE 9 , 11 B View FIGURE 11 , 13 B View FIGURE 13 , 15 B View FIGURE 15 ), posterior eyes in a straight line or slightly recurved ( Fig. 1 D View FIGURE 1 , 4 D View FIGURE 4 , 6 D View FIGURE 6 , 9 D View FIGURE 9 , 11 D View FIGURE 11 , 13 D View FIGURE 13 , 15 C View FIGURE 15 ), lateral basal transverse ridge present on chelicerae, and chelicerae with three promarginal and one retromarginal teeth ( Fig. 6 E View FIGURE 6 , 11 E View FIGURE 11 , 13 E View FIGURE 13 , 15 D View FIGURE 15 ) ( Beatty, 1970; Grismado, 2008; Ramírez, 2014; Giroti & Brescovit, 2015,2017,2018; Marsh et al. 2018; Fomichev & Marusik, 2020). Among Ariadninae , it differs from both Ariadna and Citharoceps by having: male tarsi I–II incrassate and with ventral scopulae ( Fig. 2 F,G View FIGURE 2 ), presence of 4–5 ventral spines on metatarsi Iof males, and female femur I–II with one macrosetae. Additional characters that separates it from Ariadna : labrum as long as labium and distally with a row of dorsal median microsetae ( Fig. 1 B View FIGURE 1 , 4 B View FIGURE 4 , 6 B View FIGURE 6 , 9 B View FIGURE 9 , 11 B View FIGURE 11 , 13 B View FIGURE 13 , 15 B View FIGURE 15 ), but in Ariadna labrum longer than the labium and without dorsal median microsetae; males lack apophysis on metatarsi I ( Fig. 2 A,B View FIGURE 2 ), but in Ariadna apophysis may or may not present on metatarsi Iof males; males with a cluster of stridulatory macrosetae on femur I, which could be on tubercle-like apophysis ( Fig. 2 A–D View FIGURE 2 , 7 A–C View FIGURE 7 ), but in Ariadna a cluster of stridulatory macrosetae may or may not present on femur Iof males and apophysis absent; female palp tarsi with more than ten macrosetae ( Fig. 4 F View FIGURE 4 , 9 F View FIGURE 9 , 11 G View FIGURE 11 , 13 G View FIGURE 13 , 15 E View FIGURE 15 ), but in Ariadna number of macrosetae five or more; and presence of conspicuous median flap in female genitalia ( Fig. 5 C,E View FIGURE 5 , 10 C,E View FIGURE 10 , 12 B,D View FIGURE 12 , 14 B,D View FIGURE 14 , 16 B,D View FIGURE 16 ), but absent in Ariadna . Additional characters that separates it from Citharoceps : stridulatory apparatus in the cephalic area absent, but present in Citharoceps ; a stridulatory thorn in the prolateral region of femur I absent, but present in Citharoceps ; presence of tubular invaginations on posterior receptaculum in females ( Fig. 5 B–E View FIGURE 5 , 10 B–E View FIGURE 10 , 12 A–C View FIGURE 12 , 14 A–C View FIGURE 14 , 16 A–D View FIGURE 16 ), but absent in Citharoceps ; and labium-sternum junction length is greater than the endite-sternum junction; but in Citharoceps labium-sternum junction is equal or smaller than the length of endite-sternum junction ( Beatty, 1970; Grismado, 2008; Ramírez, 2014; Giroti & Brescovit, 2015, 2018; Siliwal et al. 2017; Marsh et al. 2018).
Description ( Fig. 1–17 View FIGURE 1 View FIGURE 2 View FIGURE 3 View FIGURE 4 View FIGURE 5 View FIGURE 6 View FIGURE 7 View FIGURE 8 View FIGURE 9 View FIGURE 10 View FIGURE 11 View FIGURE 12 View FIGURE 13 View FIGURE 14 View FIGURE 15 View FIGURE 16 View FIGURE 17 ): Colouration: Spider in life blackish-brown with glossy integument (17 A,B), overall males darker than females. In ethanol, carapace greenish-brown (thoracic area) to brownish-black (cephalic area) ( Fig. 1 A View FIGURE 1 , 4 A View FIGURE 4 , 6 A View FIGURE 6 , 9 A View FIGURE 9 , 11 A View FIGURE 11 , 13 A View FIGURE 13 , 15 A View FIGURE 15 ); median eyes translucent and lateral eyes pale, all eyes with black rim ( Fig. 4 D View FIGURE 4 , 6D View FIGURE 6 , 9D View FIGURE 9 ); legs and palp orangish-green except brownish-black femora and greenish-brown tibia, few small black patches on patella and tibia ( Fig. 1 A View FIGURE 1 , 3 View FIGURE 3 , 4 A View FIGURE 4 , 6 A View FIGURE 6 , 8 View FIGURE 8 , 11 A View FIGURE 11 , 13 A View FIGURE 13 , 15 A View FIGURE 15 ), ventrally pale greenish-brown ( Fig. 1 B View FIGURE 1 , 4 B View FIGURE 4 , 6 B View FIGURE 6 , 9 B View FIGURE 9 , 11 B View FIGURE 11 , 13 B View FIGURE 13 , 15 B View FIGURE 15 ); abdomen dorsally greyish-brown with few pale patches ( Fig. 1 A View FIGURE 1 , 4 A View FIGURE 4 , 6 A View FIGURE 6 , 9 A View FIGURE 9 , 11 A View FIGURE 11 , 13 A View FIGURE 13 , 15 A View FIGURE 15 ), ventrally pale greyish mottled with pale dots or without any pattern, two orange spots and black patches on epigastric area ( Fig. 5 A View FIGURE 5 , 10 A View FIGURE 10 ); labium orangish-brown, lighter anteriorly ( Fig. 1 B View FIGURE 1 , 4 B View FIGURE 4 , 6 B View FIGURE 6 , 9 B View FIGURE 9 , 11 B View FIGURE 11 , 13 B View FIGURE 13 , 15 B View FIGURE 15 ); endites orangish-brown except for white proximal end ( Fig. 1 B View FIGURE 1 , 4 B View FIGURE 4 , 6 B View FIGURE 6 , 9 B View FIGURE 9 , 11 B View FIGURE 11 , 13 B View FIGURE 13 , 15 B View FIGURE 15 ); sternum orangish-brown with faint black patches laterally and medially ( Fig. 1 B View FIGURE 1 , 4 B View FIGURE 4 , 6 B View FIGURE 6 , 9 B View FIGURE 9 , 11 B View FIGURE 11 , 13 B View FIGURE 13 , 15 B View FIGURE 15 ); chelicerae brownish-black ( Fig. 1 B View FIGURE 1 , 4 B View FIGURE 4 , 6 B View FIGURE 6 , 9 B View FIGURE 9 , 11 B View FIGURE 11 , 13 B View FIGURE 13 , 15 B View FIGURE 15 ). Morphometry and setae (male, female): Total length 6.82–7.50 (5.09–12.80), carapace 3.32–3.89 long, 2.09–2.58 wide (2.48–4.89 long, 0.99–2.82 wide), abdomen 3.50–3.83 long, 2.00–2.31 wide (2.61–8.58 long, 1.67–4.33 wide). Carapace: longer than broad, narrowed anteriorly; cephalic area higher than thoracic area; integument rough, covered with long and short brown hairs; caput slightly raised; thoracic fovea indistinct ( Fig. 1 A View FIGURE 1 , 4 A View FIGURE 4 , 6 A View FIGURE 6 , 9 A View FIGURE 9 , 11 A View FIGURE 11 , 13 A View FIGURE 13 , 15 A View FIGURE 15 ). Eyes: six, grouped in three pairs, anterior median eyes absent, lateral eyes placed on a single tubercle, posterior row straight or slightly recurved ( Fig. 1 D View FIGURE 1 , 4 D View FIGURE 4 , 6 D View FIGURE 6 , 9 D View FIGURE 9 , 11 D View FIGURE 11 , 13 D View FIGURE 13 , 15 C View FIGURE 15 ). Chelicerae: conical with rough integument due to files or hairs; having distinct retrolateral basal transverse ridge; covered with stiff hairs with tuberculated base except for posterior and basal lateral sides; prominent depression on the posterior distal region to fit distal part of endites; fangs short, shaft with an internal serrula and about 2.5 times longer than wide, with three promarginal teeth and one retromarginal tooth ( Fig. 6 E View FIGURE 6 , 11 E View FIGURE 11 , 13 E View FIGURE 13 , 15 D View FIGURE 15 ). Labium: longer than wide, narrowed down in anterior one-third, separated from sternum by partially membranous suture, covered with few long and short black hairs ( Fig. 1 B View FIGURE 1 , 4 B View FIGURE 4 , 6 B View FIGURE 6 , 9 B View FIGURE 9 , 11 B View FIGURE 11 , 13 B View FIGURE 13 , 15 B View FIGURE 15 ). Labrum: well developed and is about length of the labium ( Fig. 1 B View FIGURE 1 , 4 B View FIGURE 4 , 6 B View FIGURE 6 , 9 B View FIGURE 9 , 11 B View FIGURE 11 , 13 B View FIGURE 13 , 15 B View FIGURE 15 ), distal end having a row of median microsetae. Endites: broader at the base, narrowed medially and rounded proximally, covered with long black hairs ( Fig. 1 B View FIGURE 1 , 4 B View FIGURE 4 , 6 B View FIGURE 6 , 9 B View FIGURE 9 , 11 B View FIGURE 11 , 13 B View FIGURE 13 , 15 B View FIGURE 15 ), dorso-distally depressed to fit cheliceral distal end, serrula with a single row of fine minute teeth forming a ridge-like structure. Sternum: longer than wide, margins with precoxal triangles, concave anteriorly, rebordered and not fused with carapace or pedicel, covered with long black hairs ( Fig. 1 B View FIGURE 1 , 4 B View FIGURE 4 , 6 B View FIGURE 6 , 9 B View FIGURE 9 , 11 B View FIGURE 11 , 13 B View FIGURE 13 , 15 B View FIGURE 15 ). Abdomen: longer than wide, uniformly hairy ( Fig. 1 A View FIGURE 1 , 4 A View FIGURE 4 , 6 A View FIGURE 6 , 9 A View FIGURE 9 , 11 A View FIGURE 11 , 13 A View FIGURE 13 , 15 A View FIGURE 15 ), coated with short setae, and scattered long setae among them; book lung and tracheal opening weakly sclerotized ( Fig. 5 A View FIGURE 5 , 10 A View FIGURE 10 ). Spinnerets: three pairs, covered with brown hairs; anterior lateral spinnerets with three segments, the basal segment crossed by a diagonal membranous stripe, colulus distinct, short and covered with long hairs ( Fig. 1 C View FIGURE 1 , 4 C View FIGURE 4 , 6 C View FIGURE 6 , 9 C View FIGURE 9 , 11 C View FIGURE 11 , 13 C View FIGURE 13 ). Legs: robust, prograde, with third pair directed forward; each leg with three tarsal claws, two paired claws with long dentitions ( Fig. 4 E View FIGURE 4 , 9 E View FIGURE 9 , 11 F View FIGURE 11 , 13 F View FIGURE 13 ), teeth largest on leg I, unpaired claw with one small tooth ( Fig. 4 E View FIGURE 4 , 9 E View FIGURE 9 , 11 F View FIGURE 11 , 13 F View FIGURE 13 ), true claw tufts absent; leg pairs I–II with more setae and macrosetae than pairs III–IV; metatarsi and tarsi IV with ventral brush of thickened and serrated setae and metatarsi IV with preening comb on distal ventro or ventro-retrolateral ( Fig.7 D View FIGURE 7 ); trichoboth- ria on dorsal subdistal region of metatarsi I–IV and dorsal basal half of tibia I–IV; male tarsi I–II incrassate and with ventral scopulae or tenant setae ( Fig. 2 F,G View FIGURE 2 ); in males femur, tibiae and metatarsi of all legs with macrosetae; male metatarsi Ilacks any apophysis ( Fig. 2 A,B View FIGURE 2 ) and with thorn-like or cuspule-like macrosetae on ventral side of distal half; males with or without distinct pointed basal tibial apophysis on prolateral side of tibiae I ( Fig. 2 A–C View FIGURE 2 , Fig. 7 A–C View FIGURE 7 ), male tibiae Ialso with a row of short macrosetae on retrolateral side or ventro-retrolateral side ( Fig. 2 B View FIGURE 2 , 7 A View FIGURE 7 ); males with a cluster of stridulatory macrosetae on femur I, that could be on tubercle-like apophysis ( Fig. 2 A–D View FIGURE 2 , 7 A–C View FIGURE 7 ); in females tarsi I–II with ventro-prolateral lines of thickened tactile setae, interspersed with lines of chemosensory setae; females tibiae and metatarsi of all legs with macrosetae, but only ventro-prolateral, ventroretrolateral, and sometimes prolateral and retrolateral; female femur I–II with one macroseta. Leg formula in male 1243 or 2143 and female 1243 or 1423. Palp: tibiae of male palp incrassate/swollen basally slightly to distinctly, longer than cymbium, with one dorsal trichobothrium and without any macrosetae; cymbium with distal notch dividing it into two unequal short processes, prolateral portion slightly longer than retrolateral one and without any scopulae or sensory setae; bulb pear-shaped, abruptly narrowed in mid-portion between bulb and embolus, embolus long, tubular, tapers and gradually bends dorsally, twists at the base 90° or 110° along with distal bulb and spatulated distally with an embolic opening on one side; spermatic duct broad, emerging at the base of bulb, coiling gradually towards mid-portion and enters embolus ( Fig. 3 A–D View FIGURE 3 , 8 A–D View FIGURE 8 ); female palp short and robust, with one smooth claw, turned inward almost 90°; macrosetae present on prolateral sides of tibiae and tarsi, tarsi with more than ten macrosetae ( Fig. 4 F View FIGURE 4 , 9 F View FIGURE 9 , 11 G View FIGURE 11 , 13 G View FIGURE 13 , 15 E View FIGURE 15 ); tibiae with a single dorsal trichobothrium. Female genitalia: epigynal plate distinct and sclerotized; internal genitalia composed by anterior receptaculum, uterus externus, interpulmonary fold and posterior receptaculum; anterior receptaculum divided into dorsal and ventral lobe; dorsal lobe small, weakly sclerotized and transparent; ventral lobe strongly sclerotized and with multiple elongated entapophyses; glandular duct plate sclerotized and located in central area at the junction of both lobes; uterus externus indistinct or weakly sclerotized and transparent; interpulmonary fold strongly sclerotized forming a median flap; posterior receptaculum sac-like or shape variable, and with small tubular invaginations ( Fig. 5 A–E View FIGURE 5 , 10 A–E View FIGURE 10 , 12 A–D View FIGURE 12 , 14 A–D View FIGURE 14 , 16 A–D View FIGURE 16 ).
Etymology: The name is a combination of two words, ‘Indo’ and ‘seges’, Indo, relates to India from where the new genus is discovered and seges, refers to ‘Segestriidae’, the family name to which the new genus belongs.
Type species: Indoseges malkangiri View in CoL sp. nov., based on male and female specimens deposited at Indraprastha University Museum ( IPUM), New Delhi .
Distribution: Odisha, India
No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.