Cimeliomorpha novarana ( Felder & Rogenhofer, 1875 )

Pinkaew, Nantasak & Horak, Marianne, 2019, Revision of the genus Cimeliomorpha Diakonoff (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), Zootaxa 4615 (3), pp. 457-480 : 463-464

Cimeliomorpha novarana ( Felder & Rogenhofer, 1875)

( Figs. 2 , 5 , 12−13 , 25, 36, 44−46 )

Grapholitha novarana Felder & Rogenhofer, 1875 : pl. 137, fig. 49.

Laspeyresia cymbalora ; Meyrick, 1937: 99 [ novarana erroneously synonymised with cymbalora ]; Meyrick, 1939: 52 [followed by note by T. B. Fletcher] that this food plant information refers to novarana and not cymbalora ].

Enarmonia novarana ; Diakonoff, 1949: 137 [revokes Meyrick’s synonymisation of novarana with cymbalora ].

Cimeliomorpha cymbalora ; Robinson et al. 1994: 104, pl. 17 fig. 5 [misidentification].

Mehteria novarana ; Brown et al. 2005: 416.

Diagnosis. This species differs from members of the egregiana group by the pure white basal half of fore- and hindwing. It is most similar to C. nabokovi ; the two share a valva with a large ovate sacculus and a slender, curved cucullus. However, the phallus of C. novarana is shorter and relatively wider than that of C. nabokovi . The wing pattern is most similar to that of C. cymbalora , but the inner edge of the dark brown hindwing tip runs straight across the wing except near costa rather than strongly curved and extended nearly to the anal angle as in C. cymbalora .

Description. Head: Frons and labial palpus white. Labial palpus porrect and rather slender, second segment widened medially, apical segment rather thick ( Fig. 5 ). Antenna light brown; scape, pedicel and flagellum with few black scales dorsally, with some scattered white scales on basal segments.

Thorax: Pronotal collar, tegulae and mesonotum white, without raised posterior scale tufts. Forewing broadly triangular, length 6.7−6.8 mm in males (n = 15) ( Fig. 12 ), 7.1−7.2 mm in females (n = 11) ( Fig. 13 ); costa evenly curved, male costal fold absent, termen rather rounded with slightly notch below apex; basal third of wing white, with 6−7 small, dark brown dots along costa; posterior 2/3 of wing with brownish orange ground colour, its inner margin edged by very narrow black line; with well-developed strigulae as black spots alternating with yellow spots along costa; with a distinct transverse silvery band across middle of wing, angled near costa, with three oblique sil- very lines from costa, the first ending in silvery spot at R 4, the second from apical third of costa to termen between M 1 and M 2, the third across apex, preceded by a parallel yellow band; ocelloid patch large, roundish area of fine longitudinal white and grey striation scattered with black dots and distally delineated by two convergent, curved silvery streaks; with large 4 spots of raised silvery scales, shadowed by black, an angled series of three behind CuA 1, the fourth at the anterior angle of the discal cell, with brown fringe scales along termen. Underside of forewing dark brown with small yellowish grey spots along costa, with white patch basally, and white transverse band at basal 2/3, extending from Sc to dorsum. Hindwing white with apical half black, its inner margin with black scaling extending to basal 1/3 costa and roughly straight from near anterior angle of discal cell to end of CuP. Underside of hindwing white, with area of blackish scaling as upper part. Fringe grey to CuA 1, then white; basal line somewhat darker.

Abdomen. Male genitalia ( Figs. 25 , 36 ) with tegumen moderately sclerotised, short and wide, dorsally round with dense scale sockets, pedunculus with large, distally rounded, anterior subtriangular process; uncus absent; socii ovate, hairy; vinculum short and wide; juxta moderately large, caulis short; phallus short, wide and slightly tapering to apex, vesica with several spine-shaped cornuti with sockets; valva with costa evenly convex, with large ovate, hairy and distally projecting sacculus, followed by narrow deep emargination at base of curved, long, slender, tapering, hairy cucullus, ending in a strong spine. Female genitalia ( Figs. 44−46 ) with papillae anales densely setose; tergum VIII with moderately dense scales sockets posteriorly and on lateral triangular extensions; membranous lamella postvaginalis with dense microtrichia and only few apical scale sockets; sternum VII weakly sclerotised, posterior margin with roundish emargination; entrance to ostium a large long funnel behind posterior margin of sternum VII; colliculum small, sclerotised, ring-like, wider than long; ductus bursae gradually widening into corpus bursae, moderately long, granulated anterior to colliculum, ductus seminalis arising just below colliculum; corpus bursae small, granulate, with a rather small, concave granulate signum.

Holotype. ♀, ‘ins. nicobarica, Kondul (20. Martio 1858, Frauenfeld M.C.)’ (could not be located, see Com- ments; data as in figure caption of original description).

Specimens examined. Thailand: 1♀, Kanchanaburi Prov., Thong Pha Phum N.P., 14˚39′02″N 98˚31′40″E, 850 m ., 17 Aug 2002, specimen no. np330, genitalia slide NP442, N. Pinkaew ( KKIC) ; 1♂, Kanchanaburi Prov., Thong Pha Phum N.P., 14˚39′02″N 98˚31′40″E, 850 m ., 18 Jul 2003, specimen no. np804, genitalia slide NP757, N. Pinkaew ( KKIC) ; 1♂, Nakhon Si Thammarat Prov., Khao Nan N.P., 8˚75′48″N 99˚52′99″E, 126 m ., 18 Apr 2007, specimen no. np2275, N. Pinkaew ( KKIC) ; 1♂, Nakhon Si Thammarat Prov., Khao Nan N.P., 8˚75′48″N 99˚52′99″E, 126 m ., 10 Mar 2008, specimen no. np2571, N. Pinkaew ( KKIC) ; 1♀, Nakhon Si Thammarat Prov., Khao Nan N.P., 8˚75′48″N 99˚52′99″E, 126 m ., 10 Mar 2008, specimen no. np2566, genitalia slide NP1236, N. Pinkaew ( KKIC) ; 1♀, Nakhon Si Thammarat Prov., Khao Nan N.P., 8˚75′48″N 99˚52′99″E, 126 m ., 2 May 2008, specimen no. np2668, N. Pinkaew ( KKIC) ; 1♀, Nakhon Si Thammarat Prov., Khao Nan N.P., 8˚75′48″N 99˚52′99″E, 126 m ., 8 Oct 2008, specimen no. np2908, N. Pinkaew ( KKIC) ; 1♂, Trat Prov., Trat Agroforestry R.St., 12˚23′43″N 102˚40′32″E, 30 m ., 19−20 Oct 2011, specimen no. np5458, N. Pinkaew ( KKIC) ; 1♂, Trat Prov.: Ang-et Com. For. , 12˚36′04″N 102˚19′50″E, 33 m ., 22-23 Dec 2011, specimen no. np8817, N. Pinkaew ( KKIC) ; 1♂, Chanthaburi Prov., Entomol. R.St. (East), 13˚02′22″N 102˚16′88″E, 199 m ., 5 Aug. 2013, specimens no. np5912, N. Pinkaew ( KKIC) ; 1♂, Chanthaburi Prov., Entomol. R.St. (East), 13˚02′22″N 102˚16′88″E, 199 m ., 5 Aug. 2013, specimens no. np5914, N. Pinkaew ( KKIC) ; 1♂, Chanthaburi Prov., Entomol. R.St. (East), 13˚02′22″N 102˚16′88″E, 199 m ., 5 Aug. 2013, specimens no. np5915, N. Pinkaew ( KKIC) ; 1♂, Chanthaburi Prov., Entomol. R.St. (East), 13˚02′22″N 102˚16′88″E, 199 m ., 5 Aug. 2013, specimen no. np5917, genitalia slide NP2002, N. Pinkaew ( KKIC) ; 1♀, Chan- thaburi Prov. , Entomol. R.St. (East), 13˚02′22″N 102˚16′88″E, 199 m ., 5 Aug. 2013, specimens no. np5913, N. Pinkaew ( KKIC) ; 1♀, Chanthaburi Prov., Entomol. R.St. (East), 13˚02′22″N 102˚16′88″E, 199 m ., 5 Aug. 2013, specimen no. np5916, genitalia slide NP2001, N. Pinkaew ( KKIC) ; 1♂, Chanthaburi Prov., Khao Khitchakut N.P., 12˚51′04″N 102˚12′10″E, 98 m ., 9-10 Apr 2013, specimen no. np5788, genitalia slide NP1960, N. Pinkaew ( KKIC) ; 1♀, Chanthaburi Prov., Khao Khitchakut N.P., 12˚51′04″N 102˚12′10″E, 98 m ., 9-10 Apr 2013, specimen no. np5789, genitalia slide NP1961, N. Pinkaew ( KKIC) ; 1♂, Chonburi Prov., Khao Kheow Open Zoo , 13˚12′45″N 101˚04′12″E, 275 m ., 16 Oct 2015, specimen no. np7876, N. Pinkaew ( KKIC) ; 1♂, Nakhon Nayok Prov., Khao Yai N.P., 14˚17′13″N 101˚23′37″E, 400 m ., 2 May 2016, specimen no. np8604, N. Pinkaew ( KKIC) . Sarawak: 1♂, foot of Mt. Dulit, Junction of rivers, Tinjar & Lejok, 26 IX 1932 (light trap) ( NHMUK) ; 1♂, foot of Mt. Dulit, Junction of rivers, Tinjar & Lejok, 26 VII 1932, Oxford Univ. Exp., B.M. Hobby & A.W. Moore. B.M. 1933−254 ( NHMUK) ; 1♀, foot of Mt. Dulit, Junction of rivers, Tinjar & Lejok, 26 VII 1932, Oxford Univ. Exp., B.M. Hobby & A.W. Moore. B.M. 1933-254 (Abdomen missing) ( NHMUK) ; 1♀, Optocla (blad), De. v.d. Veckl , Bhulentong , Brit. Mus. 1938-158, 27 III 1935 ( NHMUK) ; 1♀, on Derris elliptica (leaves), Buitenzorg , 11 I 1937, Coll. Tjoo Tjien Mo. 1938-158, B.M. genitalia slide no. 33126 ( NHMUK) . Sumatra : 1♂, Pematang Siantar , i 1995, A. Kallies, B.M. genitalia slide no. 33127 ( NHMUK) . S.W. Celebes: 1♀, Pangean, near Maros. 2,000 ft. March 1938, J.P.A. Kalis, B.M. 1938-397 (Abdomen missing) ( NHMUK) .

Distribution. Nicobar Island, Thailand (new record), Malaysia, Indonesia. Specimens from Thailand were collected from evergreen and dry evergreen forest.

Comments. The type of novarana , already a fragment by 1937, could not be located despite searches by Kevin Tuck and David Lees in the NHMUK and Martin Lödl in the Naturhistorisches Museum, Vienna. As discussed by Diakonoff (1949), Meyrick (1937) treated novarana and cymbalora as synonymous based on a study of the fragmentary type specimen of novarana he states to have borrowed from Vienna. However, because in his copy of Felder & Rogenhofer (1875), the bases of the fore- and hindwing of the hand-coloured figure of novarana are blackish instead of clear white as in the type specimen, he concluded that he could not adopt Felder & Rogenhofer’s name. Diakonoff (1949) rejected this, based on the figure of novarana in his copy of ‘Die Reise der Fregatte Novara’, even though he reports that in the figure in his copy the colour of the body is yellow and the basal parts of the wing are orange. The figure of novarana in the copy held in the ANIC perfectly agrees with Figs. 9 and 10 , with a white body and white base to both fore- and hindwing, and the dividing line across both wings nearly straight ( Fig. 2 ). It is well known that pigments in hand-coloured plates may be unstable with especially lead white turning black if exposed to sulphur dioxide, but the image in the ANIC copy looks perfect with just a hint of faint pink discolouration. Establishing the true wing pattern of novarana allowed identification of one of the unknown Cimeliomorpha from Thailand as this species, described from the Nicobar Islands across the Andaman Sea from Thailand and southern Myanmar, with a distribution extending across South East Asia to Indonesia.

Figures

FIGURES 1−2. Illustrations of Cimeliomorpha species (as Grapholitha) in copy of Felder & Rogenhofer’s (1875) ‘Reise der Oesterreichischen Fregatte Novara um die Erde’ kept at the ANIC in Canberra. 1. Grapholitha egregiana F. & R. ♀, ‘Amboina (Doleschall)’ pl. 139, fig. 40. 2. Grapholitha Novarana F. & R. ♀, ‘ins. nicobarica Kondul (20. Martio 1858, Frauenfeld M. C.)’ pl. 137, fig. 49.

FIGURES 4−9. Labial palpi of Cimeliomorpha spp. 4. C. cymbalora, female (Thailand, KKIC, np2895). 5. C. novarana, female (Thailand, KKIC, np5789). 6. C. egregiana, male (Amboyna, Doherty, 1892 No.41343, NHMUK). 7. C. jarujini, male (Thailand, holotype). 8. C. perspinosa, male (West Papua, holotype). 9. C. inflata, male (Woodlark Id, holotype).

FIGURES 10−15. Adults of cymbalora group (scale bars = 2 mm). 10. C. cymbalora, male (Thailand, KKIC, np2895). 11. C. cymbalora, female (Thailand, KKIC, np5734). 12. C. novarana, male (Thailand, KKIC, np5916). 13. C. novarana, female (Thailand, KKIC, np5917). 14. C. nabokovi, male (Vietnam, courtesy of S. V. Nedoshivina). 15. C. nabokovi, female (Vietnam, courtesy of S. V. Nedoshivina).

FIGURES 44−46. Cimeliomorpha novarana (Thailand, KKIC, genitalia slide NP1961). 44. Female genitalia. 45. Ostium. 46. Signum.

FIGURES 24−26. Male genitalia of cymbalora group. 24. C. cymbalora (Thailand, KKIC, genitalia slide NP1936). 25. C. novarana (Thailand, KKIC, genitalia slide NP2001). 26. C. nabokovi (reproduced from Kuznetsov, 1997).

FIGURES 35−40. Socii of Cimeliomorpha spp. 35. C. cymbalora (Thailand, KKIC, genitalia slide NP1936). 36. C. novarana (Thailand, KKIC, genitalia slide NP2001). 37. C. egregiana (Amboyna, B.M. genitalia slide no. 33120). 38. C. jarujini (Thailand, holotype). 39. C. perspinosa (West Papua, holotype). 40. C. inflata (Woodlark, holotype)