Hylomyrma immanis Kempf, 1973

Ulysséa, Mônica Antunes, 2021, Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical ant genus Hylomyrma Forel, 1912 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Myrmicinae), with the description of fourteen new species, Zootaxa 5055 (1), pp. 1-137 : 46-50

Hylomyrma immanis Kempf, 1973

Figures 34 , 35 , 36 , 80B , 82E , 88 (map)

Hylomyrma immanis Kempf, 1973: 241 (W, Q). Holotype: COLOMBIA:Amaz.[Amazonas]: 7km NW Letícia, 20–25 Feb 1972, #230, forest litter, berlesate, S. & J. Peck [leg.] (1W) ( MCZ35420 ) [ MCZC] [examined]. Paratypes: same data as holotype (6W 1Q) (MCZ35420) [MCZC] [examined]; (7W) ( MZSP67328 , MZSP67329 , MZSP67330, MZSP67331 , MZSP67332 ) [MZSP] [examined]. GUYANA: [Cuyuni-Mazaruni]: Betw R. Cuyuni & R. Mararuni, Br, 8.ix.1935, N.A. Weber col., #357 (1W) (MCZ35420) [MCZC] [examined].

Diagnosis. Large-sized; subopaque integument; body with thin striae (microsculpture) superimposed on vermicular and longitudinal striae (macrosculpture), macrosculpture absent on postpetiole and gaster, interspaces between thin striae indistinguishable; propodeal spine long; dorsal margin of petiole continuous, convex; dorsal margin of postpetiole subtriangular; subpostpetiolar process prominent, subtriangular; profemur posterior surface and protibia extensor surface striae; very long striae on tergum of first gastral segment.

Redescription. WORKER (n=9) ( Fig. 34A–C ): HL 1.20 (1.10–1.28); HW 1.15 (1.10–1.28); ML 0.78 (0.74–0.88); SL 0.84 (0.82–0.98); MOD 0.28 (0.24–0.30); PNW 0.80 (0.77–0.90); WL 1.56 (1.51–1.75); PSL 0.44 (0.36–0.58); PL 0.73 (0.68–0.82); PW 0.28 (0.27–0.30); PPL 0.36 (0.36–0.45); PPW 0.38 (0.36–0.42); GL 1.34 (1.24–1.44); TL 5.97 (5.67–6.47); CI 95.83 (95.76–101.61); SI 73.04 (70.50–79.64); OI 24.34 (21.81–24.77). Large-sized. Subopaque integument, except for the shiny gaster. Dark brown head and mesosoma, other body parts lighter. Many thin and unbranched setae ( Fig. 80B ), long to midsized, erect to subdecumbent.

Head subquadrate; posterior margin slightly concave at middle. Mandible masticatory margin with 6 teeth. Anterior margin of clypeus straight medially, with a pair of medium teeth laterally; median area of clypeus with clypeus centrally striate, 2–4 regular, longitudinal and thicker striae (macrosculpture) covered with thinner striae (microsculpture), interspaces between thin striae indistinguishable. Frontal triangle with 1 sagittal stria. Short scape, not reaching head posterior margin; apical antennomere shorter than previous 3 antennomeres together. Frontal carina straight. Eye drop-shaped, midsized, larger diameter with 13 ommatidia. Head dorsum with thin striae (microsculpture) superimposed on vermicular and longitudinal striae (macrosculpture), interspaces between thin striae indistinguishable. Head lateral and laterodorsal regions with same striation of head dorsum, striae converging to eye margin; gena striate, irregular and semicircular striae circumscribe the torulus, not reaching eye margin. Interspaces between striae on head ventral surface distinguishable.

Mesosoma sculpture similar to head dorsum. Promesonotal junction indistinct. Transverse carina inconspicuous (LV). Metanotal groove discernible by a slight depression (LV). Dorsal margin of mesosoma slightly discontinuous, convex. Propodeal lobe bidentate, dorsal tooth slightly longer and acute than the shorter and blunt ventral tooth; dorsal tooth length 1 / 2 shorter than propodeal spine length. Propodeal spine long, straight (LV), divergent (DV), sculptured. Procoxa striae of uniform thickness; irregular and transverse striae on C2 and C3. Profemur covered with irregular to regular striae, mostly transverse on anterior and dorsal surfaces, longitudinal on apical region. Protibia entirely covered with regular and longitudinal striae.

Dorsal margin of petiole continuous, convex; sculpture similar to mesosoma; ventral surface regular and smooth. Longitudinal and adjacent striae on postpetiole and subpostpetiolar process; dorsal margin of postpetiole subtriangular; subpostpetiolar process prominent, subtriangular.

First gastral segment striation similar to postpetiole striae; long striae on tergum, 11 / 2 × longer than postpetiole length; sternite striation covering entirely the basal region.

QUEEN (n=7) ( Fig. 35A–C ): HL 1.13 (1.13–1.36); HW 1.06 (1.06–1.36); ML 0.73 (0.73–0.92); SL 0.82 (0.82–1); MOD 0.29 (0.28–0.36); PNW 0.90 (0.90–1.08); WL 1.62 (1.62–2.08); PSL 0.40 (0.39–0.50); PL 0.71 (0.71–0.94); PW 0.28 (0.28–0.35); PPL 0.42 (0.42–0.52); PPW 0.39 (0.39–0.51); GL 1.46 (1.46–1.74); TL 6.07 (6.07–7.54); CI 93.80 (93.80–101.50); SI 77.35 (69.23–73.77); OI 27.35 (23.73–27.05). Large-sized. Color, pilosity, and some sculpture characters shared with conspecific workers, only slightly larger. Larger diameter of eye with 14–15 ommatidia. Vermicular striae on scutum going from an anterior central point towards transcutal suture, interspaces indistinguishable. Longitudinal striae of uniform thickness on anepisternum and katepisternum, mostly regular, interspaces indistinguishable. Axilla and scutellum with same sculpture of scutum. Scutoscutellar sulcus conspicuous. Transverse striae on propodeum (DV). Lateral surface of mesosoma with vermicular striae directed in part to propodeal dorsum and in part to propodeal spine, interspaces indistinguishable. Wings unknown.

MALE (first description) (n=4) ( Fig. 36A–C ): HL (0.98–1.04); HW (0.82–90); ML (0.58–0.63); SL (0.30–0.34); MOD (0.35–0.36); PNW (0.90–0.98); WL (1.70–1.84); PL (0.78–0.85); PW (0.29–0.30); PPL (0.44–0.52); PPW (0.42–0.43); GL (1.34–1.48); TL (5.96–6.26); CI (83.67–90.81); SI (35.95–37.77); OI (40–42.68). Brownish body, yellowish appendices, darker gaster. Mandible with 6 teeth. Scutum covered with striation, striae mostly longitudinal, regular to irregular, interspaces distinguishable. Anepisternum and katepisternum mostly covered with longitudinal, regular and thinner striae, interspaces distinguishable. Scutellum with irregular to vermiculated-areolated striae, thicker than scutum striae, interspaces distinguishable. Propodeum with irregular striae assuming multiple directions, interspaces distinguishable. Propodeal lobe subquadrate. Petiole mostly covered with longitudinal and irregular striae, interspaces indistinguishable. Postpetiole with longitudinal and anastomosed striae. First gastral tergum striate on basal region. Interspaces between striae smooth. Wings as in Fig. 82E .

Etymology. The name refers to the species size (Latin, immanis = large, huge). Hylomyrma immanis is the largest species of the genus.

Comments. Hylomyrma immanis and H. praepotens are the largest species in the genus (TL 5.67–6.47 mm, WL 1.51–1.58 mm). Both have a long propodeal spine, and an elongated and continuous dorsal margin of the petiole, but H. immanis is easily distinguished by the subopaque integument (shiny in H. praepotens ), and the body covered by thin striae with interspaces indistinguishable (thick striae with interspaces distinguishable in H. praepotens ). Hylomyrma immanis is more easily sampled than H. praepotens , the former has a broad distribution in the center-north of South America ( Fig. 88 ), whereas the latter is only known from two localities in Colombia, two in Ecuador, and one in Brazil ( Fig. 90 ). Both species co-occur in a locality 7 km NW of Letícia, Amazonas, Colombia.

Distribution. This species is widely distributed in northwest South America ( Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, and Venezuela), Trinidad ( Trinidad and Tobago), and in eastern portions of Brazil ( Fig. 88 ).

Natural history. This species inhabits forested areas in Atlantic and other tropical rainforests of South America. Most specimens were sampled in leaf-litter with winkler extractors, which suggests that H. immanis nests between leaves, in fallen logs, rotten wood, or inside natural cavities of the superficial soil layers.

Additional material examined (194 workers, 30 queens, 4 males): BOLIVIA: Cochabamba: Villa Tunari, 67.5k E Valle Sajta, 17°06′19″S, 64°46′57″W, 6.ii.99, R.Anderson, Lowland rain forest, litter, #18525 (2W) [ MZSP] ; same except 07.ii.99, #18528 (1W) [ MZSP] ; La Paz : Caranavi , Saraana [Sara Ana], 410m, 1.xi.2011, col. A. Aduviri, Bosque, Berlese(1W) [ CBF]. BRAZIL:AC[Acre]: Mâncio Lima, P.N. da Serra do Divisor, 245m, 7°26′17.19″S, 73°39′27.39″W, 15–18.xi.2016, R.M. Feitosa, T.S. Silva & A.C. Ferreira cols. (3W) [ DZUP] ; same except 260m, 7°27′9.22″S, 73°39′58.24″W (1W) [ DZUP] ; AL[Alagoas]: Murici, ESEC Murici , ICMBio, 23.ix.2014, 09°14′57.04″S, 35°47′28.88″W, Lorenzo E.P. col. (2W) [ UFGD, MZSP] ; AM[Amazonas]: PNJ Rio Carabinani , mar. esq., Cachoeira Paredão , 2°10′20″S, 61°32′22″W, 29.vii–1.viii.1995, A. Santos col., F. Primária 2, Arm. Pitfall (4) (1W) [ INPA] ; Manaus, BR 174 km 46-EEST, 8.v.1991, Eq. A.Y. Harada, isca sardinha, mata, 115 (1W) [ INPA] ; Pres [idente] Figueiredo , Terra-firme , Ig. Poraque, 1°54′57″S, 59°26′94″W, 23/04/94, Queiroz col., Mata primária, Arm. de solo (1W) [ MPEG] ; BA[Bahia]: Aritaguá, 14°39′39″S, 39°04′33″W, 05/x/1998, Col. J.C.S. Carmo & J.R.M. Santos, 477 (3W) [ CEPLAC] ; Jaguaripe, 9-03-[19]94, Nascimento I.C., 4817 (4W) [ CEPLAC] ; Ilhéus, Mata da Boa Esperança, 14°47′47″S, 09°03′56″W, 09.ix.2000, Santos J.R.M. col., Winkler 30 (1W) [ MZSP] ; same except Winkler 7 (1W) [ MZSP] ; Winkler 8 (1W) [ MZSP] ; Winkler 11 (1W) [ MZSP] ; Winkler 16 (1W) [ MZSP] ; Winkler 12 (1W) [ MZSP] ; Winkler 20 (1W) [ MZSP] ; Winkler 3 (1W) [ MZSP] ; Winkler 48 (3W) [ MZSP] ; Ilhéus-Banco do Pedro, 12.i.98, 144051S, 0391524W, Santos J.R.M. dos, Carmo J.C.S. do, Mata W-A23 (3W) [ CEPLAC] ; Mata São João, Reserva Sapiranga, 12°33′29.3″S, 33°02′35.2″W, 21-28.vii.2001, Silva R.R., Brandão C.R.F. cols., Winkler 40 (2W) [ MZSP] ; same except Winkler 38 (1W) [ MZSP] ; Winkler 27 (1W) [ UFGD] ; Winkler 44 (1W covered with gold) [ MZSP] ; Winkler 45 (1W) ( MZSP67469 ) [ MZSP] ; Winkler 41 (2W) [ MZSP] ; Winkler 41 (1W 1Q) ( MZSP67335 ) [ MZSP] ; Porto Seguro, E.E. Pau Brasil, 16°23′33″S, 39°10′99″W, 16.vi.2000, Santos J.R.M., Soares J.C. cols., Winkler 31 (1W) [ MZSP] ; same except Winkler 27 (3W) [ MZSP] ; Winkler 12 (1W) [ MZSP] ; Winkler 44 (1W) [ MZSP] ; Travessão, 14°08′13″S, 39°16′39″W, 28/04/1997, Santos J.R.M. (3W) [ CEPLAC] ; Ubaitaba, 14°15′01″S, 39°19′27″W, 10-11/04/1997, Col. J.C.S. Carmo (2W 1Q) [ CEPLAC] ; Una, 15°16′45″S, 39°05′29″W, 29/ 09-22/11/1996, Santos J.R.M. (1W) [ CEPLAC] ; same data (1Q 1M) ( MZSP67334 ) [ MZSP] ; MA[Maranhão]: Açailândia, Horto Faz. Pompéia, 04°52′30″S, 47°17′40″W, 12-22.vi.2006, Silva R.R. & Feitosa R.M. cols., Winkler 4 (1W) [ MZSP] ; same except 13-22.vi.2006, Winkler 04 (1W) [ MZSP] ; Winkler 01 (1W) [ MZSP] ; MT[Mato Grosso]: Sinop, 55°37′W, 12°31′S, x.1974, Alv. & Roppa, 12568 (1W) [ MZSP] ; same except 12567 (2M) ( MZSP67333 ) [ MZSP] ; Alta Floresta, Frag. 67—C8, 58°82′36″E, 89°19′35″N, 8.v.2008, Castuera L.O. (3W) [ MZSP] ; Novo Mundo, P.E. Cristalino, xi.2012, R.E. Vicente col., (PPBIO), parc.9, pitfall 7 (1W) [ MZSP] ; parc.2, pitfall 4 (1W) [ MZSP] ; PA[Pará]: Belém, Utinga Forest Preserve, 45m, 48.42876°′W, 1.41739°′S, 3.ii.2009, J. Sosa-Calvo, rainforest, Winkler sample, JSC090203-LS03 (2W) [ USNM] ; same except JSC090203-LS05 (1Q) [ USNM] ; Monte Dourado, Área 75, 0°42.38-146″S, 52°42.10102″W, 27-29.iv.2011, Marsh C.J. col., Floresta primária, Pt. PS-P04,? (1W) [ MZSP] ; Jari, Amazônia, corte-seletivo, 0°53′S 52°36′W, 2011, Silva E.A. col., estrato EPI, parcela 21, pto B (1W) [ DZUP] ; same except parcela 7, pto F (1W) [ DZUP] ; PE[Pernambuco]: Recife, Horto Dois Irmãos, 08°00′32″S, 34°56′40″W, 15-24.vii.2002, Silva R.R. & Eberhardt F. cols., Winkler 27 (1W) [ MZSP] ; same except Winkler 38 (1W) [ UTLP] ; Winkler 40 (2W) [ MZSP] ; Winkler 44 (1W) [ MZSP] ; Winkler 50 (1W) [ MZSP] ; Winkler 45 (1W) [ MZSP] ; Winkler 18 (3W) [ MZSP] ; Winkler 15 (3W 1Q) [ MZSP] ; Winkler 14 (2W) [ MZSP] ; Winkler 12 (2W) [ MZSP] ; Winkler 4 (2W) [ MZSP] ; Winkler 26 (1W) [ MZSP] ; Winkler 16 (2W 1Q) [ MZSP] ; Winkler 2 (1Q) [ MZSP] ; Winkler 19 (1Q) [ MZSP] ; Winkler 46 (1Q) [ MZSP] ; Timbaúba, Engenho Água Azul, 07°36′05.56″S, 35°22′30.51″W, 15.vi.2013, Lorenzo E.P. col. (3W) [ UFGD] ; RO[Rondônia]: Porto Velho, UHE SAE, Módulo Jiráu, 09.43726°S, 064.68475°W, 09.i.2011, C.E.D. Sanhudo col. (1W) [ MZSP] ; same locality, Área Abunã,A10P1, 09°35′48″S, 64°21′56″W, 2-16.x.2013, Mazão G.R. e Mendonça R.T.T. cols. (2W 1Q) [ DZUP] ; same except A10P3, 09°35′53.1″S, 65°22′00.1″W, 04-18.ix.2012, Ulysséa, M.A. & Prado, L.P. cols. (1W) [ MZSP] ; A11P2 , 09°38′05.6″S, 65°27′11.2″W, 04-18.ix.2012, Ulysséa, M.A. & Prado, L.P. cols. (1Q 3W) [ MZSP] ; A12P2 , 09°36′38″S, 65°22′05″W, 2-16.x.2013, Mazão G.R. e Mendonça R.T.T. cols. (1W) [ DZUP] ; Porto Velho, Área Caiçara , C1P4, 09°26′31″S, 64°51′40″W, 2-16.x.2013, Mazão G.R. e Mendonça R.T.T. cols. (1W) [ DZUP] ; same except C3P2, 09°26′46.8″S, 64°49′31.1″W, 4-18.ix.2012, Vicente R.E. e Oliveira J. cols. (2W 1Q) [ DZUP] ; 04- 18.ix.2012, Ulysséa, M.A. & Prado, L.P. cols. (3W) [ MZSP] ; C3P4 , 09°26′46.8″S, 64°49′31.1″W, 17-30.vi.2012, Sanhudo, C.E.D. & Andriolli, F.S. (2W) [ MZSP] ; 04-18.ix.2012, M.A. Ulysséa & L.P. Prado (5W) [ MZSP] ; Porto Velho, Área Mutum , M7P2, 09º35′25″S, 65º04′08″W, 11-19.v.2010, R.R. Silva & R.M. Feitosa cols. (1W) [ MZSP] ; same except M7P3, 09°35′41.6″S, 65°03′54.2″W, 4-18.ix.2012, Vicente R.E. e Oliveira J. cols. (1W) [ DZUP] ; M7P4 , 09°35′41.6″S, 65°03′54.2″W, 17-27.vii.2013, Mazão G.R. e Probst R.S. cols. (1W) [ DZUP] ; 04-18.ix.2012, Ulysséa, M.A. & Prado, L.P. cols. (1W) [ MZSP] ; SE[Sergipe]: Sta. Luiza do Itanhy, Crasto , 11°22′39.3″S, 37°25′07.4″W, 29.vii-03.viii.2001, Silva R.R., Brandão C.R.F., Winkler 15 (1W) [ MZSP] ; same except Winkler 2 (1W) [ MZSP] ; Winkler 34 (2W) [ MZSP] ; Winkler 38 (1W) [ MZSP] ; Winkler 46 (2W) [ MZSP] ; Winkler 20 (2W) [ MZSP] ; Winkler 47 (3W) [ MZSP] ; Winkler 48 (1W) [ MZSP] ; Winkler 17 (2W) [ MZSP] ; Winkler 28 (1W) [ MZSP] ; Winkler 34 (3W) [ MZSP] ; Winkler 1 (1W 1Q) [ MZSP]. COLOMBIA: Caquetá: [Puerto] Solano , PNN [Serranía de] Chiribiquete, R. Sararamano, B. Verde military, 300m, 0°10′48″N, 72°37′24″W, 9.iv.2000, E. González leg., Winkler 14 (3W) [ IHVL] ; Amazonas: Araracuara , 300m, G. Ganghi (1W) [ IHVL] ; Guaviare: RN Nukak Maku, Cñ Cucuy Cr Moyano, Rebalse , 02°10′40N, 71°11′25W, feb. 96, F. Fernandez F.E. (1W) [ IHVL] ; Nariño: Orito, Territorio Kofan , 700m, 00°30′N, 77°13′W, 29.ix.1998, E.L. González leg., Bosque caída, T2T4 (1W) [ IHVL]. ECUADOR: Napo: 20km S of Tena , 600m, 11Jul 1976, S. & J. Peck, B360 (2W) [ MCZC] ; [Sucumbíos]: Cuyabeno, 12/10-05/11/94, J.P. Caldwell, #10427 (1W) [ CEPLAC]. FRENCH GUIANA: [ Cayenne ]: Nouragues Field Station, H Trail, 108m, 52°40.856′W, 4°5.108′N, 1.viii.2005, T.R. Schultz, J.S. LaPolla, D. Price, 1° forest, litter sample, Winkler sample, TRS050801-03-LS12 (1W 1Q) [ USNM] ; Nouragues Natural Reserve Station , 102km SW of Cayenne, lat 4.08799, lon -52.67978, 145m, 21.viii-1.ix.2018, Rainforest, Ant Course 2018 (1W) [ MZSP] ; Nouragues , 4°04′58″N, 52°40′28″O, 120-160m, 29.iii.2006, Jérôme Orivel (+autres), Fourmis de litière, FLWTr45 (1W 1Q) [ MZSP] ; [Saint Laurent du Maroni]: Maripassoula, 21/ 23.vi.2000, Delabie, Durouh, Dejean, Corbara & Giberneau [leg.], Winkler (1Q) [ CEPLAC] ; Mitaraka, Pente , 2.238226N - 54.45203W, 03.iv.2015, J. Orivel & F. Petitclerc cols., Winkler 48h, Transect A, Plot P 2, Point 2MI15-0374-27 (1W) [ ECOFOG]. GUYANA: [Cuyuni-Mazaruni]: Calm Water Creek, along Essequibo River nr. Bartica , 58°37.16′W, 6°28.06′N, 24.ix.2002, J.S. LaPolla, 1° forest, litter sample, =020923-7, JSL020923-01-LS03 (1W) [ USNM] ; same except =020923-6, JSL020923- 01-LS02 (1W 1Q) [ USNM] ; =020923-5, JSL020923-01-LS01 (1W) [ USNM] ; =020923-10, JSL020923-01-LS06 (1W) [ USNM] ; =020923-9, JSL020923-01-LS05 (1W) [ USNM] ; [Potaro-Siparuni]: Iwokrama For. Res., Whitewater Camp , 60m, 58°50.992′W, 4°43.89′N, 5.xi.2002, J.S. LaPolla et al., 1° forest, litter sample, =021105-1-LS13, JSL021105-01-LS13 (1W) [ USNM] ; same except =021105-1-LS17, JSL021105-01-LS17 (2W) [ USNM] ; =021105- 1-LS18, JSL021105-01-LS18 (1W) [ USNM] ; =021105-1-LS20, JSL021105-01-LS20 (2W) [ USNM] ; =021105-1- LS9, JSL021105-01-LS09 (1W) [ USNM] ; Dicymbe Forest , 717m, 59°54.63′W, 5°17.76′N, 6.x.2002, T.R. Schultz, J. LaPolla, C. Marshall, R. Williams, Dicymbe forest, litter sample, TRS021006-01-LS18 (1Q) [ USNM] ; [Upper Demerara-Berbice]: Mabura Hill, camp at end of rd. From Georgetown to Letham Rd. , 64m, 58°41.982′W, 5°9.313′N, 29.x.2002, J.S. LaPolla et al., 1° forest, litter sample, JSL021029-01-LS10 (1W) [ USNM] ; same except JSL021029-01-LS15 (1W 1Q) [ USNM] ; JSL021029-01 - LS17 (1W) [ USNM] ; JSL021029-01 - LS14 (1W) [ USNM] ; JSL021029-01 - LS14 (1Q) [ USNM] ; Upper Takutu-Upper Essequibo: Acarai Mts., nr. Romeo’s Camp , 293m, 58°56.804′W, 1°23.171′N, 10.x.2006, T.R. Schultz & J. Sosa-Calvo, 1° forest, litter sample, Winkler sample, JSC061010-LS04 (2W 2Q 1M) [ USNM] ; same except 314m, 58°56.787′W, 1°23.137′N, JSC061010-LS06 (1Q) [ USNM]. PERU: Loreto: Campamento San Jacinto, 11.july.1993, R. Leschen, #86, rainforest, flower fall, berlasete (4W) [ MCZC] ; Madre de Dios: Los Amigos Field Station, Trail 6, Huangana , 277m, 70°6′3.1W, 12°34′8.4S, 6.x.2004, T.R. Schultz, C. Marshall, J. Sosa-Calvo, 1° forest, litter sample, =JSC041006-20, TRS041006-01-LS-20 (2W 1Q) [ USNM] ; same except =JSC041006-16, TRS041006-01-LS-16 (1W) [ USNM] ; Trail 3, =JSC041009-10, TRS041009-01-LS-10 (1W) [ USNM] ; Trail 3, =JSC041009-18, TRS041009-01-LS-18 (1W) [ USNM] ; Trail 3, =JSC041009-05, TRS041009-01-LS-05 (1W) [ USNM] ; Trail 3, =JSC041009-04, TRS041009-01-LS-04 (2W 1Q) [ USNM] ; across River from Cocha Cashu , 19.90°S, 71.36°W, 23 Sept. 1999, D.W. Davidson, Ex sifted litter, FAS— 000948 (1W) [ UNMSM] ; Pto [Puerto] Maldonado, nr. Lake Sandoval , 260m, 13-16.vi.81, C. Kugler & R.R. Lambert cols., 1°(?) for., in sandy soil, berl. lf. lit. (4W 1Q) [ MCZC] ; Cusco: Est. Biol. Villa Carmen , 590m, 5-15. viii.2013, -12.902437° -71.407672° + 30m, Ant Course 2013, bamboo forest, secondary vegetation, KAM #422 (1W) [ MZSP]. [ TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO]: TRINIDAD: [Rio Claro-Mayaro/Sangre Gandre]: Nariva Swamp, 22.iv.35, N.A. Weber, 139 (1W) [ MCZC] ; [Princes Town]: 13.5km E Preau, 27 July 2004, J.K. Wetterer, #528 (1W) [ MCZC] ; [Sangre Grande]: 2km NW Howson, 12 July 2004, J.K. Wetterer, #506 (1Q) [ MCZC] ; [Couva-Tabaquite-Talaro]: Arena Forest, Barker Trace, 20 May 2004, J.K. Wetterer, #416 (1W) [ MCZC] ; N Balata Branch, 31 Oct 2003, Wetterer, #218 (1Q) [ MCZC] ; [Tunapuna-Piarco]: Mt. Tucuche, 25.vi.76, J. Noyes, QCAZ I 57120 (1W) [ MZSP] ; Blanchisseuse Rd. , 2km N Asa Wright, 30 Oct 2003, Wetterer , #212 (1W) [ MCZC]. VENEZUELA: Amazonas: Alto Rio Siapa , 495m, 01°42′50″N, 64°33′40″O, 8.ii.89, J. Lattke (1Q) [ MIZA] ; same except 4.ii.89 (1Q) [ MIZA] .

Figures

FIGURE 34. Worker of Hylomyrma immanis (MZSP67469). A) frontal view; B) dorsal view; C) lateral view. Photos by Ricardo Kawada.

FIGURE 35. Paratype queen of Hylomyrma immanis (MCZ35420). A) frontal view; B) dorsal view; C) lateral view. Photos by M.A. Ulysséa.

FIGURE 36. Male of Hylomyrma immanis (MZSP67333). A) frontal view; B) dorsal view; C) lateral view. Photos by Ricardo Kawada.

FIGURE 80. Types of setae found in the species of Hylomyrma. Unbranched setae: A) Hylomyrma adelae, H. blandiens, H. macielae; B) H. immanis; C) H. marielleae. Branched setae: D) H. dentiloba, H. lispectorae, H. mitiae, H. peetersi, H. virginiae; E) H. balzani, H. lopesi; F) H. blandiens, H. jeronimae, H. versuta; G) H. dolichops; H) H. transversa; I) H. longiscapa; J) H. balzani, H. lopesi, H. primavesi, H. reitteri, H. versuta; K) H. plumosa.

FIGURE 82. Male’s wings. A) Hylomyrma balzani (MZSP67323); B) H. reitteri [MZSP 67431], C) H. versuta (MEXICO: VeraCr.: Pueblo Nuevo, nr. Tetzonapa, Aug. 14-53, E.O. Wilson, #221, rain forest [MCZC]); D) H. longiscapa (MZSP67353); E) H. immanis (MZSP67334]); F) H. blandiens (USNMENT00537690). Venation: costa (C), radial (R), radial sector (Rs), media (M), cubitus (Cu), anal (A), radial-subcosta (R+Sc), media-cubitus (M+Cu), cubitus-anal crossvein (cu-a), first mediacubitus crossvein (1m-cu), radial sector-media 1 (Rs+M1), second radial-radial sector crossvein (2r-rs), radial-subcosta (R+Sc), media-first radial sector-media (M+1rs-m), submarginal 1+2 (2rs-m). Cells: basal (B), sub-basal (BS), discal (D), sub-marginal 1 (SM1), marginal (M), sub-marginal 2 (SM2).

FIGURE 88. Distribution records of Hylomyrma immanis, H. mariae, H. primavesi, and H. versuta.

FIGURE 90. Distribution records of Hylomyrma praepotens.