Epiclopus

Vivallo, Felipe, 2014, Taxonomic revision of the cleptoparasitic bee genus Epiclopus Spinola, 1851 (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Ericrocidini), Zootaxa 3857 (1), pp. 41-70 : 61-62

Key to the species of Epiclopus

1 Integument of metasoma with intense bluish metallic reflections ( Figs. 2, 4 , 20 and 22 ). Dorsal pubescence of mesosoma white, with long branches. Mesoscutellum with two spine-like projections on the dorsal surface. Axilla strongly raised. Male: Lower edge of the clypeus strongly angled ( Fig. 43 ). T7 with apex bilobed. Female: Mid tibial spur with bifurcate apex... 2

- Integument of metasoma without metallic reflections, although often with short metallic hairs ( Figs. 11, 13 , 29 and 31 ). Whitish pubescence of the mesosoma with very short branches, appearing simple. Mesoscutellum without spine-like projections on the dorsal surface. Axilla slightly raised. Male: Lower margin of the clypeus not angled ( Figs. 42 and 44 ). T7 apically bidentate. Female: Mid tibial spur without bifurcate apex.......................................................... 3

2 Labrum relatively rectangular, lower half with a slightly raised semicircular carina curved upwards, lacking tooth-like projections ( Fig. 43 ). Female: Pygidial plate parallel-sided. Claws of fore leg with truncate preapical tooth........................................................................................... Epiclopus lendlianus ( Friese, 1910)

- Labrum elliptical, lower half with tooth-like projections oriented diagonally downward, lacking semicircular carina ( Fig. 41 ). Female: Pygidial plate with the sides converging basally. Claws of fore leg with acute preapical tooth............................................................................................. Epiclopus ecphorus new species

3 Male: Clypeus with white pubescence ( Fig. 12 ), extended to frons and postantennal areas in some specimens. Midline of mesoscutum deeply depressed. Mesoscutellum with two poorly developed humps on the dorsal surface. Hairs on posterior terga with metallic green or bluish reflections. Mandible strongly curved apically ( Fig. 12 ). Preapical tooth of middle and hind tarsal claws with acute apex. Female: Hairs on legs, mesosoma, posterior terga and sterna with bluish metallic reflections ( Figs. 11 and 38 ). Clypeus with a longitudinal band of whitish pilosity ( Fig. 10 ). Postantennal area with white pubescence ( Fig. 10 ). Labrum with convex distal margin and with two short preapical projections of rounded apices on the lower half. Mesoscutum longitudinally biconvex. Surface below the wings with black hairs with bluish metallic reflections ( Fig. 11 ). Claws of middle and hind legs with acute preapical tooth. Maxillary palpus with two palpomeres.......... Epiclopus gayi Spinola, 1851

- Male: Clypeus, frons and postantennal area with dark brown to black hairs ( Fig. 30 ). Midline of mesoscutum slightly depressed only anteriorly. Mesoscutellum without humps on the dorsal surface. Posterior terga with dark brown to black hairs, without green or bluish metallic reflections ( Fig. 31 ). Mandible slightly curved apically ( Fig. 30 ). Preapical tooth of the middle and hind tarsal claws with truncate apex. Female: Hairs on legs, mesosoma, posterior terga and sterna with dark brown to black pilosity, without bluish metallic reflections ( Figs. 29 and 40 ). Clypeus and postantennal area with dark brown to black pilosity, without whitish hairs ( Fig. 28 ). Labrum with straight distal margin, without preapical projections. Mesoscutum uniformly convex. Surface below the wings with white, long and dense pubescence. Claws of middle and hind legs with truncate preapical tooth. Maxillary palpus with three palpomeres................................. Epiclopus wagenknechti ( Ruiz, 1938)

Figures

FIGURES 1 – 4. Epiclopus ecphorus new species. Fig. 1. Paratype female (Chile: El Pangue): Head, frontal view (scale bar 1 mm). Fig. 2. Paratype female: Habitus, lateral view (scale bar 5 mm). Fig. 3. Holotype male (Chile: El Pangue): Head, frontal view (scale bar 1 mm). Fig. 4. Holotype male: Habitus, lateral view (scale bar 5 mm).

FIGURES 19 – 22. Epiclopus lendlianus. Fig. 19. Female (Chile: Peñalolén): Head, frontal view (scale bar 1 mm). Fig. 20. Female: Habitus, lateral view (scale bar 5 mm). Fig. 21. Male (Chile: Viña del Mar): Head, frontal view (scale bar 1 mm). Fig. 22. Male: Habitus, lateral view (scale bar 5 mm).

FIGURES 41 – 44. Labrum of males of Epiclopus. Fig. 41. E. ecphorus new species (Holotype, Chile: El Pangue). Fig. 42. E. gayi (Chile: Cajón del Maipo). Fig. 43. E. lendlianus (Chile: Viña del Mar). Fig. 44. E. wagenknechti (Neotype, Chile: Castilla) (scale bars 0.5 mm).

FIGURES 10 – 13. Epiclopus gayi. Fig. 10. Female (Chile: Viña del Mar): Head, frontal view (scale bar 1 mm). Fig. 11. Female: Habitus, lateral view (scale bar 5 mm). Fig. 12. Male (Chile: Cajón del Maipo): Head, frontal view (scale bar 1 mm). Fig. 13. Male: Habitus, lateral view (scale bar 5 mm).

FIGURES 28 – 31. Epiclopus wagenknechti. Fig. 28. Female (Chile: El Tofo): Head, frontal view (scale bar 1 mm). Fig. 29. Female: Habitus, lateral view (scale bar 5 mm). Fig. 30. Neotype male (Chile: Castilla): Head, frontal view (scale bar 1 mm). Fig. 31. Neotype male: Habitus, lateral view (scale bar 5 mm).

FIGURES 37 – 40. Females (dorsal view). Fig. 37. Epiclopus ecphorus new species (Chile: El Pangue). Fig. 38. Epiclopus gayi (Chile: Viña del Mar). Fig. 39. Epiclopus lendlianus (Chile: Peñalolén). Fig. 40. Epiclopus wagenknechti (Chile: El Tofo) (scale bars 2 mm).