Opsiphanes fabricii numatius Fruhstorfer, 1912

Piovesan, Mônica, Casagrande, Mirna Martins & Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik, 2022, Systematics of Opsiphanes Doubleday, [1849] (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae, Satyrinae, Brassolini): an integrative approach, Zootaxa 5216 (1), pp. 1-278 : 199-205

Opsiphanes fabricii numatius Fruhstorfer, 1912 stat. nov.

( Figs 178 , 181 , 186 )

Opsiphanes cassina numatius Fruhstorfer, 1912 , in Seitz. Gross-Schmett. Erde 5, p. 303, 304; male, Colombia.— Stichel, 1932. Lep. Cat. 51, p. 49.— D’Abrera, 1987. Butt. Neotrop. Reg. 3, p. 412, 416 (fig. male d).— Bristow, 1991. Zool. Jour. Linn. Soc. 101 (3): 270, 273, 277, 285, figs 27e, f (male d, v), 28e (female d, v); syn.: periphetes .— Casagrande, 2004. Brassolini , in Lamas (ed.) Checklist: Part 4A, Hesperioidea-Papilionoidea, in Heppner (ed.). Atlas Neotrop. Lep. 5A, p. 204; syn.: periphetes , aucotti.—Coral-Acosta & Pérez-Torres, 2017. Rev. colomb. Ent. 43 (1): 95, 96.

Opsiphanes numatius ; Chacón et al., 2012. Bull. Allyn Mus. 166: 3.

Taxonomic history. D’Abrera (1987) illustrated the specimen mentioned by Bristow (1991) as a holotype of Opsiphanes cassina numatius Fruhstorfer, 1912 . Bristow (1991) synonymized Opsiphanes cassina periphetes with Opsiphanes cassina numatius ; this decision was followed by Casagrande (2004), who also included as a synonym Opsiphanes cassina aucotti syn. nov. Chacón et al. (2012) referred to the status of subspecies when mentioning “ O. numatius ” as a species, without an explanation.

Type material. Opsiphanes cassina numatius Fruhstorfer, 1912 was described based on an unspecified number of specimens from Colombia. Bristow (1991) stated that the male holotype was deposited at the NHMUK, with the following labels: / Type/ Holotype / Columbien ex coll. H. Fruhstorfer/ cassina numatius Fr. / Fruhstorfer Coll. B.M. 1937-285./ In fact, this specimen is not the holotype, since the original description does not mention the number of specimens. However, according to article 74.6 of the ICZN, this holotype should be interpreted as the lectotype designation. The following labels will also be attached: / LECTOTYPUS / Lectotypus Opsiphanes cassina numatius Fruhstorfer, 1912 , Bristow (1991); confirmed by Piovesan, Casagrande & O. Mielke det. 2022/ ( Fig. 186 ).

Diagnosis. Opsiphanes fabricii numatius stat. nov. differs from Opsiphanes fabricii fabricii and Opsiphanes fabricii camposi Bristow, 1991 stat. nov. in that the female has an intense-yellow oblique band on the DFW. DHW with the submarginal band, from M 2, with rusty red shades, reaching the anal region and crossing the wing toward the basal region. Males of these subspecies are indistinguishable ( Fig. 178 ).

Variation. FW, length: male: 35–38 mm (n=6), female: 38 mm (n=1). VFW, the width of the oblique band. VHW, the size of the eyespot between Sc+R 1 and M 1 ( Fig. 178 ).

Comments. In describing Opsiphanes fabricii numatius stat. nov., Fruhstorfer (1912) indicated that the type locality is Colombia, without further details. Lack of a precise location and morphological variation makes it difficult to interpret the taxon. In this study, we associate Opsiphanes fabricii numatius stat. nov. with specimens from the western side of the Oriental Cordillera, from Colombia and Venezuela, since specimens from these localities, are morphologically similar to the lectotype here designated as Opsiphanes fabricii numatius stat. nov.

Natural history. Unknown.

Geographic distribution. Colombia (Santander, Bolívar, Antioquia, Caldas, Atlántico) ; Venezuela (Zulia) ( Fig. 181 ) .

Temporal distribution. January, March, April, July–October.

Etymology. Unknown.

Specimens examined. Photos of the lectotypus of Opsiphanes fabricii numatius Fruhstorfer, 1912 stat. nov., and the following specimens: COLOMBIA: Santander –Barrancabermeja (Casabe—across Río Magdalena), 28-X-1956, 1 male, D. S. Bos leg., AMNH_IZC 00352771 (AMNH), 1 male, D. S. Bos, USNMENT01590068 (USNM). Bolívar — Santa Rosa del Sur (Guamocó), 1 male, ex-coll. F. Johnson, AMNH_IZC 00352776 (AMNH); Cartagena de Indias, 6-IV-1975, 1 male, Schmidt-Mumm leg., DZ 41.607 (DZUP). Antioquia —Medellín, 4- III-1984, 1 female, O. Flint leg., USNMENT01590070 (USNM), 25-IX-[19]30, 1 male, USNMENT01590066

(USNM), 1 male, ex-coll. Archer, USNMENT01590067 ( USNM). Caldas — Río La Miel , 800 m, 20-VII-1973 , 1 male, Schmidt-Mumm leg., DZ 41.608 ( DZUP); Victoria , I-1960 , 3 males, Schmidt-Mumm leg., DZ 41.611, 41.613, 41.614 ( DZUP). Atlántico —Barranquilla , VIII-1961 , 1 female, Schmidt-Mumm leg., DZ 41.615 ( DZUP). VENEZUELA: Zulia — Maracaibo , 4-VIII-1974 , 1 male, M. Johnson leg., USNMENT01590170 ( USNM) .

Figures

FIGURE 178. Opsiphanes fabricii numatius Fruhstorfer, 1912 stat. nov.: Male, dorsal and ventral views: Colombia: a. (USN- MENT01590066-USNM), b. (USNMENT01590067-USNM) Medelin. Female, dorsal and ventral views: Colombia: c. (USN- MENT01590070-USNM) Medelin.

FIGURE 181. Geographical distribution of Opsiphanes fabricii fabricii (Boisduval, 1870), Opsiphanes fabricii camposi Bristow, 1991 stat. nov. and Opsiphanes fabricii numatius Fruhstorfer, 1912 stat. nov.

FIGURE 186. Opsiphanes fabricii numatius Fruhstorfer, 1912 stat. nov. Lectotype of Opsiphanes fabricii numatius Fruhstorfer, 1912 stat. nov.; a. dorsal view, b. ventral view.