Enantiobuninae, Mello-Leitao, 1931

Taylor, Christopher K., 2011, Revision of the genus Megalopsalis (Arachnida: Opiliones: Phalangioidea) in Australia and New Zealand and implications for phalangioid classification 2773, Zootaxa 2773 (1), pp. 1-65 : 30-31

Enantiobuninae Mello-Leitão 1931

Enantiobuninae Mello-Leitão 1931: 92 (type genus Enantiobunus Mello-Leitão 1931 )— Šilhavý 1970: 171, 175; Hunt & Cokendolpher 1991: 134–135; Crawford 1992: 4, 8; Cokendolpher 2007a: 121, 123.

Monoscutinae Forster 1948a: 313 (type genus Monoscutum Forster 1948a ; new synonym)— Crawford 1992: 4, 9; Cokendolpher & Taylor 2007: 119–120; Taylor 2008a: 176.

Monoscutidae Forster — Crawford 1992: 4, 9; Cokendolpher et al. 2007: 110–111; Cokendolpher & Taylor 2007: 118–120; Taylor 2008a: 176.

Megalopsalinae Forster 1949: 60 (incorrect original spelling; type genus Megalopsalis Roewer 1923 ; new synonym)— Šilhavý 1970: 175; Gruber & Hunt 1973: 384.

Megalopsalidinae Forster— Hunt 1990 b: 193–194; Crawford 1992: 4, 9; Cokendolpher & Taylor 2007: 119–120; Taylor 2008a: 176.

Megalopsalididae Forster — Martens 1976: 64; Shear 1982: 109-110.

Included taxa. Acihasta Forster 1948a , Australiscutum Taylor 2009b , Forsteropsalis new genus, Hypomegalopsalis new genus, Megalopsalis Roewer 1923 , Monoscutum Forster 1948a , Neopantopsalis Taylor & Hunt 2009 , Pantopsalis Simon 1879 , Spinicrus Forster 1949 , Templar Taylor 2008a , Tercentenarium new genus, Thrasychiroides Soares & Soares 1947 , Thrasychirus Simon 1884 (senior synonym of Enantiobunus Mello-Leitão 1931 ).

Definition. Eupnoi sharing a more recent common ancestor with Enantiobunus spinulosus Mello-Leitão 1931 (junior synonym of Thrasychirus gulosus Simon 1884 ) than Phalangium opilio , Phalangium quadridentatum , Caddo agilis , Neopilio australis or Ballarra drosera Hunt & Cokendolpher 1991 .

Diagnosis. Enantiobuninae can be distinguished from other Phalangioidea by the presence of lateral bristles or bristle groups at the junction of penile shaft and glans (not a lateral barbed process as in Ballarrinae ). Many Enantiobuninae can also be distinguished by the lack of a mobile junction between basitarsus and distitarsus of each leg (present in Australiscutum , Thrasychirus ).

Description. Lateral bristle groups or isolated bristles at junction between glans and shaft of penis, usually in anterior and posterior pairs. No lateral processes on glans. Spiracle usually with covering grill of slender, anastomosing spines in one or few rows, arising from anterior margin of spiracle. Pedipalp with well-developed claw; dorsal angle between patella and tibia 180° or more; patella (excluding apophysis if present) usually shorter than tibia (only slightly longer if otherwise); tarsus longer than patella or tibia.

Comments. The phylogenetic analysis reported on above found both Enantiobuninae and Monoscutinae as recognised by Crawford (1992) nested within Megalopsalidinae ; the three taxa are therefore united herein as a single subfamily for which the name Enantiobuninae Mello-Leitão 1931 takes priority.