Dactylorhiza incarnata, 1962

D. M. Moore (ed.), 1980, CCIII Orchidaceae, Flora Europaea, Vol 5: Alismataceae to Orchidaceae, Camebridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 325-350 : 334

4. D. incarnata (L.) Soö ,

Nom. Nov. Gen. Dactylorhiza 3 (1962) ( Orchis incarnata L.).

Tubers deeply 3- to 5-fid, more or less elongated at apex. Stem up to 70 cm, erect, broadly fistular, with 4-5 distant leaves. Leaves lanceolate, gradually attenuate from the wide base, acute, sometimes cucullate at apex; uppermost often as long as or longer than the inflorescence. Raceme cylindrical, dense, many-flowered. Flowers red, pinkish, white or purple; labellum with spots, rarely yellowish-white. Outer perianth-segments 5-6(-9) mm, ovate-oblong, obtuse. Labellum 5-7*5(-9) x 5-9-5 mm, slightly recurved, minutely papillose, ovate- rhombic to orbicular, entire to 3-lobed, shallowly crenulate. Spur deflexed, conical to conical-cylindrical, attenuate, up to 4 as long as ovary. 2n = 40.

Marshes, fens and bogs.

Most of Europe, but rare in the Mediterranean region. Al Au Be Br Bu Cz Da?Fa Fe Ga Ge?Gr Hb He Ho Hs Hu It Ju No Po Rm Rs (N, B, C, W, K, E) Su.

1 Flowers pinkish to lilac, rarely white (a) subsp. incarnata

1 Flowers red or purple

2 Flowers deep crimson (b) subsp. coccinea

2 Flowers purple, often streaked with red

3 Leaves erect, cucullate, usually without spots (c) subsp. pulchella

3 Leaves erecto-patent, not cucullate, usually with dark spots on both surfaces (d) subsp. cruenta