Passiflora

Mezzonato-Pires, Ana Carolina, Bernacci, Luís Carlos, Teixeira, Gabriel Henrique Gomes De Souza Freitas, Cruz, Priscila de Freitas, Pacheco, Georgia, Mendonça, Cláudia Barbieri Ferreira & Gonçalves-Esteves, Vania, 2025, Palynological characterization and taxonomical delimitation of the subgenera within Passiflora L. (Passifloraceae: Malpighiales), the largest genus of lianas in the Neotropics, European Journal of Taxonomy 981, pp. 239-264 : 249-252

Passiflora subgenus Passiflora

Figs 7–9

(287 spp.)

Taxonomic description

Vines slender to woody; monoecious; tendrils entire, adhesive disks absent; stipules minute to foliaceous in most species; glands (0)2–many, distributed across the petiole; leaves simple, entire to lobed in most species; ocelli absent; main ribs 3; inflorescences 1-flowered (in most species), 2-flowered, racemose, or cymose; bracts 3, minute to well-developed in most species, bracteoles absent; hypanthium campanulate, cylindrical, cylindrical-campanulate, funnelform, or patelliform; flowers whitish, purple, violet, pink, red, or their combination, with corona presenting these colors and colored bands; sepals 5; petals 5; corona with 1–20 series of filaments; operculum present, curved or erect, filamentous at the apex; nectariferous disk present, rarely inconspicuous or absent; limen absent, annular, membranaceous, or cupuliform; trochlea absent in most species, stamens 5; styles 3, stigmas 3; fruit a berry ( Figs 7–8 ).

Pollen description

Pollen grains medium, large, or very large; isopolar or non-polar; when isopolar, oblate-spheroidal, prolate-spheroidal, suboblate, or prolate; polar area small or large; amb circular; 6-colpate, 5-, 6-, 7-, 8-, 9-, 10-, 12-, and / or 14-syncolpate, colpi long and narrow or wide; endoaperture absent; pseudopercula 3, 5–10, 12, 14, pontopercula 0 or 3; sexine semitectate (muri continuous, simplicolumellate, or duplicolumellate; lumina large (11.1–16.1 µm) or small (4.4–10.6 µm); bacula numerous). Sexine thicker or less thick than nexine, total exine 6.0–16.2 µm ( Fig. 9 ).

Figures

Fig. 7. External morphology of Passiflora subgen. Passiflora. A. Climbing habit of P. amethystina J.C.Mikan. B. Detail of the glands of P. nitida Kunth. C. Detail of the glands of P. alata Curtis. D. Detail of the glands of P. araujoi Sacco. E. Detail of the stipules of P. villosa Vell. F. Detail of the stipules of P. amethystina J.C.Mikan. G. Arrangement of stipules in P. sidifolia M.Roem. H. Leaf blade of P. recurva Mast. I. Leaf blade of P. glandulosa Cav. J. Leaf blade of P. cincinnata Mast. K. Bracts of P. edulis Sims. L. Bracts of Passiflora sp. M. Bracts of P. nitida Kunth. Photographs were taken by A.C. Mezzonato.

Fig. 8. Floral morphology of Passiflora subgen. Passiflora. A. P. edmundoi Sacco. B. P. alata Curtis. C. P. cincinnata Mast. D. P. amethystina J.C.Mikan. E–G. P. acuminata DC. Photographs were taken by A.C. Mezzonato.

Fig. 9. Pollen grains of Passiflora subgen. Passiflora. A–B. P. actinia Hook (A.C. Cervi et al. s.n., MBM 385343). C. P. mediterranea Vell. (A.S. Grotta et al. s.n., RBR 23995) D. P. tenuifila Killip (G.M. Hastschbach et al. 23133, MBM). E. P. mucronata Lam. (A. Costa et al. s.n., R 208564). F–H. P. alata Curtis (A.C. Mezzonato et al. 55, R) I. P. caerulea L. (G.M. Hastschbach et al. 78178, MBM). J. P. edulis Sims (A.C. Mezzonato & M. Milward 77, R). K–L. P. racemosa Brot. (J.G. Silva et al. 615, R). M–N. P. silvestris Vell. (M.M. Souza s.n., UPCB 60269) O. P. subrotunda Mast. (J. Sacco 2391, R). General aspect (A–D), polar view (E–G, J–K, M, O), equatorial view (H, I, L, N). Abbreviations: mes = mesocolpium; ps = pseudoperculum; pt = pontoperculum; arrowheads = apertures. Scale bars = 10 µm.