Xantharia baizilongi Chu & Li, 2023

Chu, Chang, Li, Shuqiang, Yao, Yanbin & Yao, Zhiyuan, 2023, One new genus and four new species of Liocranidae Simon, 1897 (Arachnida, Araneae) from China and Vietnam, ZooKeys 1181, pp. 219-240 : 219

publication ID	https://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1181.108822
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:1DF5630C-7459-4525-892B-647A84C2098F
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/8C40E936-5033-4547-B6A0-9CCEFB91AD51
taxon LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:act:8C40E936-5033-4547-B6A0-9CCEFB91AD51
treatment provided by	ZooKeys by Pensoft
scientific name	Xantharia baizilongi Chu & Li
status	sp. nov.

Treatment

Xantharia baizilongi Chu & Li sp. nov.

Figs 6 View Figure 6 , 7 View Figure 7 , 8 View Figure 8 , 11B View Figure 11

Type material.

Holotype: 1♂ (IZCAS-Ar44621), China, Yunnan, Xishuangbanna, Mengla County, Menglun Town, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, 21°53.886′N, 101°16.719′E, 568 m, hand catch in leaf litter, 12 May 2019, Z. Bai leg. Paratypes: 1♂ (IZCAS-Ar44622) and 2♀ (IZCAS-Ar44623, 44624), same data as holotype.

Etymology.

The specific name is a patronym in honour of the collector Zilong Bai; noun (name) in genitive case.

Diagnosis.

The new species resembles X. floreni Deeleman-Reinhold, 2001 (cf. Figs 6 View Figure 6 - 8 View Figure 8 , 11B View Figure 11 and Deeleman-Reinhold 2001: 217, figs 235, 246, 247, 257-263) as the males have a similar long looping sperm duct (Fig. 6A-C View Figure 6 ), wide and elliptical embolic base (Fig. 6B View Figure 6 ) and females have similar laminar fertilization ducts (Fig. 7B View Figure 7 ). Males can be distinguished by the embolic tip not exceeding bulb distally (Fig. 6B View Figure 6 ; present), by the palp with conductor without tegular apophysis (Fig. 6A-C View Figure 6 ; vs. palp with indistinct conductor and tegular apophysis), and by the retrolateral tibial apophysis arising from rear part of the tibia distally, invisible in ventral view (Fig. 6A-C View Figure 6 ; vs. retrolateral tibial apophysis arising from middle part of tibia distally, visible in ventral view). Females can be distinguished by the epigyne without anterior hood (Fig. 7A View Figure 7 ; present), by the vulva with glandular appendages (Fig. 7B View Figure 7 ; absent), by the primary spermathecae and secondary spermathecae connected to each other (Fig. 7B View Figure 7 ; vs. primary spermathecae and secondary spermathecae separated from each other), and by the primary spermathecae larger than secondary spermathecae (Fig. 7B View Figure 7 ; vs. primary spermathecae smaller than secondary spermathecae). This species also resembles X. galea Zhang, Zhang & Fu, 2010 (cf. Figs 6 View Figure 6 - 8 View Figure 8 , 11B View Figure 11 and Zhang et al. 2010: 66, figs 1-11) as the males have a similar long looping sperm duct (Fig. 6A-C View Figure 6 ), wide and elliptical embolic base (Fig. 6B View Figure 6 ), membranous conductor (Fig. 6A-C View Figure 6 ), and females have similar tubular copulatory ducts (Fig. 7B View Figure 7 ) and laminar fertilization ducts (Fig. 7B View Figure 7 ). Males can be distinguished by the embolus originating 8:00 o’clock, embolic tip not exceeding bulb distally, with slight retrolateral curvature (Fig. 6B View Figure 6 ; vs. embolus originating 9:00 o’clock, embolic tip exceeding bulb distally, with slight prolateral curvature), and by the long retrolateral tibial apophysis (Fig. 6A-C View Figure 6 ; vs. short retrolateral tibial apophysis). Females can be distinguished by the epigyne without an anterior hood (Fig. 7A View Figure 7 ; present), by the copulatory openings triangular (Fig. 7A View Figure 7 ; vs. copulatory openings circular), by the vulva with glandular appendages (Fig. 7B View Figure 7 ; absent), by the primary spermathecae and secondary spermathecae connected to each other (Fig. 7B View Figure 7 ; vs. primary spermathecae and secondary spermathecae separated and with common horizontal plane), and by the primary spermathecae larger than secondary spermathecae (Fig. 7B View Figure 7 ; vs. primary spermathecae smaller than secondary spermathecae).

Description.

Male (holotype; Figs 8A, B View Figure 8 , 11B View Figure 11 ). Total body length 3.62, carapace 1.65 long, 1.23 wide, opisthosoma 1.97 long, 0.95 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.09, ALE 0.11, PME 0.08, PLE 0.10; AME-AME 0.06, AME-ALE 0.02, PME-PME 0.11, PME-PLE 0.09, AME-PME 0.09, ALE-PLE 0.04. Carapace yellowish-brown without pattern, pear-shaped; fovea reddish-brown. Chelicerae yellowish-brown, with several setae on anterior surface, with two promarginal and two retromarginal teeth. Endites yellowish-brown, longer than wide, widest anteriorly, concave laterally, with diagonal depression in middle, subapically with semicircular membranous area and dense scopula. Labium reddish-brown, nearly isosceles trapezoidal, with constriction subbasally and sparse scopula apically. Sternum yellow without pattern, margin yellowish-brown, narrowing anteriorly, with precoxal triangles and intercoxal extensions. Legs yellowish without pattern; legs I distinctly darker and stouter than legs II-IV. Leg spination: femora II pl 2, III-IV do 2; tibiae III-IV pl 1; metatarsi III-IV pl 1 rl 1 plv 2 rlv 2. Palp and leg measurements: palp 1.49 (0.56, 0.21, 0.29, -, 0.43), I 4.44 (1.22, 0.78, 1.04, 0.98, 0.42), II 3.73 (1.09, 0.62, 0.81, 0.82, 0.39), III 3.35 (0.95, 0.50, 0.65, 0.87, 0.38), IV 4.46 (1.28, 0.63, 0.96, 1.16, 0.43). Leg formula: 4123. Dorsal opisthosoma grey, posteriorly yellow occupying more than half of dorsal surface, with dark margin around spinnerets. Lateral opisthosoma with dark stripes. Ventral opisthosoma grey with dark margin around spinnerets. Spinnerets yellowish.

Palp (Fig. 6A-C View Figure 6 ). Retrolateral tibial apophysis short, curvature distally, with wide base and narrow tip. Bulb oval, subtegulum sclerotized, visible in ventral view; sperm duct distinct, running around tegulum. Embolus originating at 8:00 o’clock, embolic base sclerotized, wide and elliptical; embolic tip membranous, situated distally at 12:00 o’clock. Conductor membranous, nearly fan-shaped, originating distally to bulb.

Female (paratype; Fig. 8C, D View Figure 8 ). Total body length 3.71, carapace 1.69 long, 1.23 wide, opisthosoma 2.02 long, 1.11 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.09, ALE 0.10, PME 0.08, PLE 0.11; AME-AME 0.06, AME-ALE 0.02, PME-PME 0.11, PME-PLE 0.08, AME-PME 0.09, ALE-PLE 0.04. Carapace yellowish without pattern, ocular area yellowish-brown; fovea shorter. Chelicerae, endites and labium yellowish; endites with indistinct diagonal depression in middle. Sternum without distinct precoxal triangles. Leg spination: femora II-IV do 2; tibiae III-IV pl 1; metatarsi III-IV pl 1 rl 1 plv 2 rlv 2. Palp and leg measurements: palp 1.51 (0.57, 0.24, 0.29, -, 0.41), I 4.72 (1.30, 0.78, 1.13, 1.03, 0.48), II 4.07 (1.14, 0.63, 0.88, 0.97, 0.45), III 3.73 (1.04, 0.55, 0.72, 1.01, 0.41), IV 4.91 (1.40, 0.65, 1.13, 1.25, 0.48). Leg formula: 4123. Dorsal opisthosoma grey with dark spots. Other characters same as holotype.

Epigyne (Fig. 7A, B View Figure 7 ). Epigynal plate simple; copulatory openings triangular, originating centrally to epigynal field. Copulatory ducts long, with sharp twist at its base, presenting spherical. Glandular appendages round. Primary spermathecae large, elliptical, almost adjacent to each other; secondary spermathecae small, nearly globular, separated by more than their diameter; primary spermathecae and secondary spermathecae connected to each other. Fertilization ducts originating anteriorly to primary spermathecae, pointing laterally.

Variation.

Paratype male: total body length 3.33, carapace 1.58 long, 1.14 wide, opisthosoma 1.75 long, 1.04 wide. Second paratype female: total body length 4.30, carapace 1.80 long, 1.38 wide, opisthosoma 2.50 long, 1.24 wide.

Distribution.

China (Yunnan, type locality; Fig. 12 View Figure 12 ).