Coarctana parvula, Domahovski & Cavichioli, 2023

Domahovski, Alexandre Cruz & Cavichioli, Rodney Ramiro, 2023, Phylogenetic analysis and revision of the leafhopper genus Acuera DeLong & Freytag (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Gyponini) based on morphological data, Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 81, pp. 79-164 : 79

Coarctana parvula sp. nov.

Figs 25 , 31M, N

Diagnosis.

Pygofer (Fig. 25G ) strongly tapered apically, subacute. Subgenital plate (Fig. 25H ) with filiform setae near outer margin. Aedeagus (Fig. 25L, M ) apodemal process slender and tapered, external surface bearing a small process near mid-length; shaft with pair of subapical processes short, directed dorsally and pair of apical processes curved ventrally, with half length of the subapical processes.

Measurements.

Total length: holotype male 8.8 mm; paratypes, males (n = 5) 8.5-8.8 mm.

Description.

Head, in frontal view (Fig. 25B ), frons 1.1 × wider than long; frontogenal suture distant from eye margin by approximately the width of scape; clypeus very wide, 1.1 × wider than long; lateral margins straight and parallel near base and apically strongly convergent; apex straight. Head, in lateral view (Fig. 25C ), crown-face transition thin, with 3 transverse carinae; clypeus slightly inflated. Profemur AV row with 5-6 setae; PV row with 2 setae. Protibia PD row with 5 setae and undifferentiated intercalary setae; PV row with 5 setae and undifferentiated intercalary setae. Metatibia PD, AD and AV rows with 24-26, 13 and 13-15 macrosetae respectively. Metatarsomere I elongated 4 × longer than apical width; inner row of the ventral surface with 7-8 setae. Other characteristics as in generic description.

Coloration.

Head and thorax (Figs 25A, B , 31M, N ) reddish-brown. Head (Fig. 25A ) with pair of small circular black spots, near posterior margin, behind ocellus. Face (Fig. 25B ) yellowish without maculae. Pronotum (Fig. 25A ) with black punctures; pair of circular black spots, near anterior margin, behind eye; proepimeron (Fig. 25C ), with narrow black band below pronotal carina. Forewing (Fig. 25D ) with black maculae on apex of anal veins, cross veins of discal and apical cells. Metatibia (Fig. 25C ) with cucullate bases of setae blacks.

Male terminalia.

Sternite VIII (Fig. 25E ) 1.5 × wider than long; lateral margins parallel; posterior margin slightly rounded. Valve (Fig. 25F ) 1.5 × wider than long; posterior margin tapered and rounded. Pygofer, in lateral view (Fig. 25G ), 2 × longer than maximum height; basodorsal process thin and long, extending ventrally to almost half height of lateral lobe; anteroventral margin rounded; posterodorsal margin straight; posteroventral margin excavated; apex strongly tapered, subacute. Subgenital plate, in lateral view (Fig. 25G ), short, not reaching pygofer apex; in ventral view (Fig. 25H ), elongated, 3.7 × longer than wide, maximum width near half length; dorsal surface with filiform setae near outer margin; lateral margins slightly rounded; apex rounded. Connective (Fig. 25I ) wider than long; anterior margin moderately excavated; dorsal keel and stem reduced. Style, in dorsal view (Fig. 25J ), with outer lobe small and truncated; in lateral view (Fig. 25K ), with blade slightly wider near base and tapered toward apex; dorsal and ventral margins slightly sinuate; ventral margin with apical third serrated; apex truncated, forming a small dorsal process. Aedeagus (Fig. 25L, M ) preatrium not developed; dorsal apodeme with dorsal margin slightly excavated, lateral margins produced ventrolaterally; apodemal process slender and tapered toward apex, curved in right angle near base, external surface bearing small process near mid-length; apex acute, curved anterad; shaft cylindrical, very long and thin, strongly curved dorsally near base and slightly curved anterad at apical third; apex with pair of subapical processes short, directed dorsally and pair of apical processes curved ventrally, with half length of the subapical processes. Other characteristics as in generic description.

Female.

Unknown.

Material examined.

Holotype male: Peru: " Peru, Cuzco, Estrada 30 C\ 26km W Quincemil, 23.viii.2012, (light)\ 13°21′18″S 70°53′22″W,\ 985m R.R. Cavichioli leg." (MUSM) . Paratypes: 4♂, same data as holotype (DZUP) ; 1♂, " Peru: Dept. Amazonas,\ Distr. Águas Verdes,\ Bagua \ Taporoto Rd (5N)\ at Km 403; Malaise \ 30.I-\ 6.II.2009; ME Irwin, GA \ Amaya , 1125m;\ 05°41′23″S 77°38′13″W (DZRJ) .

Etymology.

The new species name refers to the aedeagus with apodemal processes bearing very small projections at the mid-length of external.

Remarks.

Coarctana parvula sp. nov. (Fig. 7 ) was strongly supported (SR = 92) as sister group to C. apena comb. nov. + C. occultata sp. nov. This clade was supported by three synapomorphies: 26:0, clypeus wider than long; 27:2, clypeus with lateral margins strongly convergent apically; 29:1, clypeus tumid in lateral view; and three homoplastic characters: 9:1, crown-face transition with three carinae; 31:1 absence of black irregular maculae near anterior margin of pronotum; and 94:1, pygofer with basodorsal processes strongly developed. Coarctana oricula sp. nov. can be differentiated from C. apena comb. nov. and C. occultata sp. nov. by the apodemal processes of aedeagus (Fig. 25L, M ) with a small process near mid-length of external surface, and the shaft with a pair of subapical processes short, directed dorsally and a pair of apical processes curved ventrally.

Figures

Figure 7. Phylogenetic relationships of Acuera found in the implied weighting analysis for the two equally most parsimonious trees, K = 3.700 and 4.284, length = 514, consistency index = 0.362, retention index = 0.771. Symmetric resampling values (<50) are marked next to branches; red stars represent the type species of the three subgenera of Acuera. Synapomorphies are marked with black circles, while homoplasies are marked with empty circles.

Figure 25. Coarctana parvula sp. nov., holotype male. A head and thorax, dorsal view. B head, ventral view. C head and thorax, lateral view. D forewing. E sternite VIII, ventral view. F valve, ventral view. G pygofer, valve and subgenital plate, lateral view. H subgenital plate, ventral view. I connective, dorsal view. J style, dorsal view. K style, lateral view. L aedeagus, lateral view. M aedeagus, posterior view. Scale bars in mm.

Figure 31. Species of Coarctana gen. nov., dorsal (left) and lateral (right) views. A, B C. apena comb. nov., holotype male, AMNH. C, D C. asymmetrica sp. nov., holotype male, DZUP. E, F C. glabra sp. nov., holotype male, DZRJ. G, H C. nigromedia sp. nov., holotype male, DZUP. I, J C. occultata sp. nov., holotype male, DZUP. K, L C. oricula sp. nov., holotype male, DZUP. M, N C. parvula sp. nov., holotype male, DZUP.