Polyosmylus excelsus Ansorge, 1996

Makarkin, Vladimir N., Ansorge, Jörg & Khramov, Alexander V., 2021, Revision of Epigambriinae Handlirsch, stat. nov., a subfamily of Early Jurassic Ithonidae s. l. (Neuroptera), Palaeoentomology 4 (6), pp. 516-531 : 519-521

Polyosmylus excelsus Ansorge, 1996

( Figs 2–4 )

Polyosmylus excelsus Ansorge, 1996: 68 , 107, Fig. 53; Pl. 10, Figs 7 , 8 ; Ansorge, 2003: Fig. 3J .

Type material. Holotype LGA 1033 (part only), deposited in MNB. A well-preserved, nearly complete forewing overlapping an incompletely preserved hind wing.

Paratype LGA 540 (part only), deposited in MNB. Arather poorly preserved complete forewing. The same locality and horizon as the holotype.

Type locality and horizon. Germany: Grimmen. Early Jurassic (early Toarcian; “Grüne Serie”, Harpoceras falciferum zone).

Re-description. Holotype LGA 1033. Forewing 8.7 mm long, 2.9 mm wide. Costal margin medially markedly concave. Costal space relatively narrow, broadened proximally and distally. Basal subcostal veinlets incompletely preserved; middle veinlets terminally curved to apex or forked with distal branch longer than proximal; some distal veinlets of Sc rather deeply once forked; some veinlets of RA twice forked. Subcostal space moderately broad distally; only basal crossvein detected located slightly proximad origin of RP. Sc, RA stout, distally approaching, probably not fused ( Fig. 3A ). RA space relatively narrow, nearly equal width throughout length; five, rather regularly spaced crossveins in middle part. RP originating near wing base; anterior trace forked distally, not zigzagged, with nine branches. RP1 , RP3 , RP4 , RP9 dichotomously forked distad outer gradate series; RP2 , RP5 , RP6 , RP8 once shallowly forked; RP7 simple. Two crossveins between Rand Min basal part: 1r-m short, connecting R, M; 2r-m long, connecting RP proximad origin of RP1 , MA. Mbasally not fused with R; forked far proximad origin of RP1 . MA basally (proximad 2r-m) poorly discernible, forked distad outer gradate series (incompletely preserved). MP pectinately forked, with three long branches; each branch once shallowly forked. Crossveins in radial to medial spaces rare: two crossveins (between MA, MP and MP, CuA) form posterior part of inner gradate series; outer gradate series probably complete, eight crossveins detected from RP7 to CuA (some poorly preserved). Cu dividing into CuA, CuP relatively near wing base. CuA pectinately forked, with four long branches (three proximad distal crossvein between MP, CuA; one distad); each branch once or twice shallowly forked. CuP deeply forked, each branch shallowly once forked near margin. Two long crossveins between CuA, CuP. One long distal crossvein between CuP, A1 (basal crossvein not discernible). A1 dichotomously branched. A2, A3 similarly configured, with two to three very short branches.

Hind wing 5.9 mm long as preserved (estimated complete length ca. 7.0– 7.5 mm), 2.1 mm wide as preserved (estimated completewidth ca. 2.2 mm). Preserved portion of costal space narrow. Subcostal veinlets oblique, mediallysimpleoronceshallowly forked. Subcostal space rather broad, crossveins not detected. Sc, RA stout. RA space slightly wider than subcostal space; with five preserved crossveins nearly perpendicular to RA. RP with seven preserved branches (possibly eight in life). RP 1– RP 4 deeply dichotomously forked; RP 5, RP 6 shallowly forked. Mforked far distad origin of RP 1. MA, MP shallowly forked. Crossveins in radial to medial spaces poorly preserved; four crossveins partly preserved forming single gradate series. CuA pectinate, but only two branches fragmentarily preserved. CuP, anal veins not preserved.

Paratype LGA 540. Forewing 8.1 mmlong, 3.0 mm wide. Costal margin medially markedly concave. Costal space relatively narrow, broadened proximally, distally. Humeral veinlet recurrent, with two very short branches; five basal subcostal veinlets simple, with their apices curved to wing apex; middle to distal veinlets bent toward apex, mainly once forked (often shallowly), rarely twice forked. Subcostal space moderately broad distally; only basal crossvein detected located slightly proximad origin of RP. Sc, RA stout, distally approaching, probably not fused ( Fig. 3B ). RA space relatively narrow, nearly equal width throughout length; four crossveins detected in middle part. RP originating near wing base; anterior trace forked distally, not zigzagged, with nine branches. RP3 dichotomously deeply forked far proximad outer gradate series; RP1 , RP2 , anterior branch of RP3 , RP7 dichotomously forked distad outer series; posterior branch of RP3 , RP4 – RP6 once forked; RP8 , RP9 simple. One long crossvein between R, Min basal part detected (2r-m), connecting RP proximad origin of RP1 , MA. M basally not fused with R; forked far proximad origin of RP1 . MA basally (proximad 2r-m) poorly discernible; pectinately forked distad outer gradate series with two forked branches. MP pectinately forked, with two long branches; each branch once shallowly forked. Crossveins of inner gradate series not detected; outer gradate series complete, nine crossveins detected from RP7 to CuA (some poorly preserved). Two crossveins detected between MP, CuA. Cu dividing into CuA, CuP relatively near wing base. CuA pectinately forked, with four long branches (all proximad distal crossvein between MP, CuA); each branch once or twice shallowly forked. CuP deeply forked, each branch shallowly forked near margin (twice or three times). One long distal crossveins between CuA, CuP detected. Two long crossveins between CuP, A1 . A1 dichotomously branched. A2 dichotomously branched near wing margin .

Remarks. The holotype and paratype are certainly conspecific based on their very similar wing venation and their wings lacking spots.

Figures

FIGURE 2. Polyosmylus excelsus Ansorge, 1996, holotype LGA 1033. A, Photograph. B, Forewing venation. C, Hind wing venation. Scale bar = 1 mm (all to same scale).

FIGURE 3. Polyosmylus excelsus Ansorge, 1996, paratype LGA 540. A, Photograph (wetted with ethanol). B, Forewing venation. Scale bar = 1 mm (both to same scale).

FIGURE 4. Apical portion of the forewing of Polyosmylus excelsus Ansorge, 1996. A, Holotype LGA 1033. B, Paratype LGA 540. Both wetted with ethanol. Scale bars = 0.2 mm.

FIGURE 7. Rasnitsyneura sp., specimen PIN 5552/37. A, Photograph. B, Forewing venation. Scale bar = 1 mm (both to same scale).

FIGURE 8. Epigambriinae gen. et sp. indet., PIN 5552/48. A, Photograph. B, Hind wing venation. Scale bar = 1 mm (both to same scale).