ENOPLOTEUTHOIDEA PFEFFER, 1900

Fernández-Álvarez, Fernando Á, Taite, Morag, Vecchione, Michael, Villanueva, Roger & Allcock, A Louise, 2022, A phylogenomic look into the systematics of oceanic squids (order Oegopsida), Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 194 (4), pp. 1212-1235 : 1227

SUPERFAMILY ENOPLOTEUTHOIDEA PFEFFER, 1900

(57 SPECIES)

Diagnosis: Oegopsida with eight or the remnants of eight buccal supports, the ventral supports attached to the dorsal margins of ventral arms; with photophores; two series of arms suckers usually with hooks; four series of tentacle suckers in young stages, sometimes reduced in adults; spermatangia usually attached to specialized tissue in the nuchal region.

Remarks: According to Berry (1920), this superfamily included the families Benthoteuthidae Pfeffer, 1900 (= Bathyteuthidae ), Enoploteuthidae , Gonatidae , Histioteuthidae , Lampadioteuthidae Berry, 1916 , Lycoteuthidae , Octopoteuthidae and Onychoteuthidae . This taxonomic composition does not agree with our phylogenetic results ( Fig. 3 ).

Figures

Figure 3. Maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree of oceanic squids constructed with IQTREE v.2. Values on nodes represent bootstrap percentages from the maximum likelihood analysis and posterior probabilities from the Bayesian inference analysis, respectively. A, Ommastrephes caroli (Furtado, 1887) (Ommastrephidae). B, Thysanoteuthis rhombus (Thysanoteuthidae), modified from Fernández-Álvarez et al. (2021). C, Leachia sp. (Cranchiidae). Photograph by Steven Kovacs. D, Abraliopsis sp. B (Enoploteuthidae), from Young & Tsuchiya (2014). E, Chiroteuthis sp. (Chiroteuthidae), modified from Vecchione (2019). F, Pholidoteuthis massyae (Pholidoteuthidae).Photograph by Mark C.Benfield (Louisiana State University).G,Octopoteuthis sicula (Octopoteuthidae). H, Lepidoteuthis grimaldii (Lepidoteuthidae). Photograph by Alejandro Escánez (University of La Laguna). I, Brachioteuthis sp. (Brachioteuthidae). Photograph by David Shale. J, Cycloteuthis sirventi (Cycloteuthidae). K, Discoteuthis laciniosa (Cycloteuthidae). L, Neoteuthis theilei (Neoteuthidae), modified from Vecchione & Young (2019c). M, Architeuthis dux (Architeuthidae). Photograph by T.Kubodera, curator emeritus of National Museum of Nature and Science (Tokyo).