Rawlinsius Davidson and Ball, 1998: 361

ROIG-JUÑENT, SERGIO, 2000, The Subtribes And Genera Of The Tribe Broscini (Coleoptera: Carabidae): Cladistic Analysis, Taxonomic Treatment, And Biogeographical Considerations, Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2000 (1), pp. 1-90 : 19-21

Rawlinsius Davidson and Ball, 1998: 361 .

TYPE SPECIES (by original designation): Rawlinsius papillatus Davidson and Ball, 1998 .

DIAGNOSIS: Rawlinsius is distinguished from all broscine genera because it lacks the dorsal standard fixed setae: clypeal, supraorbital, antennal scape, lateral pronotal, parascutellar, and lateral umbilical of the elytra.

DESCRIPTION (from Davidson and Ball, 1998): External morphology: Head without supraorbital seta. antenna with antennomeres 1–4 glabrous, with apical fixed setae on 4, 5–10 setose throughout. Mandibles without scrobal setae. Maxilla with eustipes with three setae laterally. Labium with submentum bisetose; tooth of mentum simple; prementum with glossal sclerite bisetose apically, ventral surface without longitudinal carina. Pronotum moderately constricted apically, without lateral seta. Elytron with parascutellar evident; parascutellar setae absent; lateral umbilical series without setae. Fore and middle tarsomeres of male without adhesive vestiture.

Male genitalia: Median lobe with dorsal surface unsclerotized and basal orifice open dorsally. Internal sac with sclerite X thin, without lateral expansions and constriction; apical plate without tooth, with spiculae only. Left and right parameres setiferous apically, along inner margins.

Female genital tract: Ramus present. Nematiform setae of subapical setose organ present. Spermatheca with helminthoid sclerite broad and short; accessory gland near the spermatheca.

LARVAE: The larval characters of R. papillatus are discussed briefly by Davidson and Ball (1998).

HABITAT: Adults of this species live in the overflow of small stream. Davidson and Ball (1998) provided a complete description of habitat and behavior.

GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: The single species of Rawlinsius is Neotropical, occurring in Sierra Madre, Mexico.

BROSCINA HOPE, 1838 , new concept

TYPE GENUS: Broscus Panzer, 1813 .

DIAGNOSIS: Mentum tooth simple, glossal sclerite with two setae; basal orifice of median lobe partially closed dorsally; right and left parameres setiferous; sclerite X broad, with upturned apical projections; spermatheca with basal sclerite.

INCLUDED TAXA: This subtribe was characterized by Jeannel (1941) for the genera Broscus , Chaetobroscus , Craspedonotus , and Axonya (table 3). Ball (1956) added the austral genera that have sclerites X and Y (table 3), recognizing three monophyletic groups within the subtribe. The cladistic analysis (fig. 15) presented herein shows that each of these three groups is monophyletic, and each is considered as a different subtribe: Broscina , Axonyina , and Nothobroscina . The subtribe Broscina is the second clade (figs. 14– 16) and contains the Holarctic genera that have sclerite X with upturned projections. This new concept coincides with Ball’s (1956) concept in including the genera Miscodera and Broscodera , but differs from it (table 3) in excluding all the austral genera, as well as Axonya and Broscodes (table 4). Figure 16 shows that Broscina genera share two exclusive derived features: upturned apical projections on the sclerite X (593) and accessory gland of bursa copulatrix with Ushaped basal sclerite (711). Within Broscina there are two main clades, one formed by Craspedonotus and Broscus , and the other by the remaining genera.

The subtribe Broscina includes nine genera (table 4) and 52 species. Four of these genera are monospecific. It was not possible to study the genus Tosawabroscus , because the reference to Tosawabroscus amabilis Uéno 1953 , cited by Morita (1990) as nomen nudum, was unavailable.

Most species of Broscina are confined to the Holarctic region and inhabit alpine or grassland habitats. However, the genera Broscodera and Zacotus (both monospecific) occur in coastal forest at low altitude.

Figures

Fig. 16. Bremer support of Broscini clades.