Martinella tomentosa Kataoka & L.G.Lohmann, 2021

Kataoka, Eric Y. & Lohmann, Lucia G., 2021, Taxonomic revision of Martinella Baill. (Bignonieae, Bignoniaceae), PhytoKeys 177, pp. 77-116 : 77

5. Martinella tomentosa Kataoka & L.G.Lohmann sp. nov. Fig. 11

Type.

Brazil. Amazonas: Manaus, Reserva Florestal Adolfo Ducke, Rodovia Manaus Itacoatiara , km 26, 02°53'S, 59°58'W, 19 Jun 1995, M.A.D de Souza & C.F. da Silva, 39 (holotype: SPF-102015!; isotypes: INPA-179938!, MO not seen) .

Diagnosis.

Martinella tomentosa differs from other Amazonian species of Martinella by the tomentose leaflets and branches, and inflorescences arranged in thyrses, as opposed to the glabrous to lanuginose leaflets and inflorescences arranged in racemes or lax thyrses of all other Amazonian species.

Description.

Lianas; branches with solid pith, cylindrical, green, drying brown, smooth, tomentose, densely covered with simple eglandular trichomes and stipitate glandular trichomes, with scattered patelliform glandular trichomes more frequently at interpetiolar region; prophylls of the axillary buds densely covered with simple eglandular trichomes and stipitate glandular trichomes. Leaves 2-foliolate, with the terminal leaflet generally modified into a trifid tendril; petioles terete, not pulvinated, 38.1-58.6 mm long, densely covered with simple eglandular trichomes and stipitate glandular trichomes with few scattered patelliform glandular trichomes; petiolules terete, pulvinated, 27-31.5 mm long, densely covered with simple eglandular trichomes and stipitate glandular trichomes with occasional patelliform glandular trichomes; leaflets concolorous, chartaceous, ovate, apex acuminate, base cordate, margins entire and slightly revolute, 16.5-19.0 × 12.0-14.0 cm, adaxial surface glabrescent with simple eglandular trichomes and stipitate glandular trichomes at the canaliculi of veins, abaxial surface tomentose, densely covered with simple eglandular trichomes and stipitate glandular trichomes, and patelliform glandular trichomes concentrated near the base and few scattered along the midvein. Inflorescences in thyrses; 10-19.5 cm long, tomentose, densely covered with simple eglandular trichomes and stipitate and few patelliform glandular trichomes; bracts linear, ca. 2 mm long, pubescent, densely covered with simple eglandular trichomes and stipitate glandular trichomes; pedicels terete, 4.3-9.4 mm, pubescent, with simple eglandular trichomes and stipitate glandular trichomes. Flowers with calyx green, chartaceous, campanulate, 14-21.8 × 18.1-21.3 mm, densely covered with simple eglandular trichomes and stipitate glandular trichomes, with few patelliform glandular trichomes, lobes 2-4, apex acuminate, pubescent; corolla white to lilac, membranous, 44.9-48.7 mm long, narrowly tubular basal portion 14.5-14.9 mm long × 2.9-3.2 mm wide, upper campanulate portion 28.4-30.2 mm long × 12.1-14.9 mm wide, lobes subcircular, 6.5-7.8 × 11.8-12.1 mm; stamens in two lengths, longer ones 14.4-15.4 mm, shorter ones 10.3-10.5 mm, thecae 2.6-3.1 mm, glabrous; staminode not seen; gynoecium 28.4-36.3 mm long; ovary glabrous; style glabrous; stigma lanceolate, glabrous; nectariferous disk 2.3-2.5 × 1-1.1 mm. Fruits and seeds not seen.

Distribution and habitat.

Martinella tomentosa is restricted to the central portion of Amazonia (Fig. 12 ), where it occurs in Terra Firme forests from Brazil (state of Manaus).

Etymology.

The species epithet relates to the distinguished tomentose indumentum in leaves and branches of M. tomentosa .

Phenology.

Flowering specimens were collected in June.

Conservation status.

Data deficient (DD); known from only three specimens of two localities.

Discussion.

Martinella tomentosa is a new species whose description is strongly supported by morphological and molecular phylogenetic data (Kataoka and Lohmann in prep). The tomentose leaves and branches are the most striking characteristics that easily distinguish M. tomentosa from all other species of Amazonian Martinella . This new taxon is only known from very few collections from Central Amazonia, none of which was collected during the fruiting season.

Specimens examined.

Brazil. Amazonas: Estrada Castanho-Tupana, entre o km 50-40, solo argiloso, margem da estrada sempre alagada, 18 Jul 1972, M.F. Silva 855 (INPA); Manaus, Igarape do Passarinho , terreno firme, argiloso, capoeira grossa, 15 May 1962, W. Rodrigues 4444 (INPA); Reserva Florestal Adolfo Ducke , Manaus Itacoatiara , km 26, 2°53'S, 59°58'W, 28 Sept 1995, C.D. Leme 39 (INPA) .

Figures

Figure 11. Martinella tomentosa Kataoka & L. G. Lohmann A flowering branch B leaflet indumentum C ridge at the interpetiolar region and patelliform glandular trichomes D trifid tendril E abaxial side of leaflet with patelliform glandular trichomes F calyx external view G calyx indumentum H open flower showing anthers, trichome distribution, and reduced (ca. 1 mm) staminode I gynoecium. Illustrated by Klei Sousa, based on M. A. D. de Souza 39 (A-C, F-I), SPF; W. Rodrigues 4444 (E), M. F. Silva 855 (D), INPA.

Figure 12. Distribution map of Martinella tomentosa.