Trichocyclus arabana, HUBER, 2001

HUBER, BERNHARD A., 2001, The Pholcids Of Australia (Araneae; Pholcidae): Taxonomy, Biogeography, And Relationships, Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2001 (260), pp. 1-1 : 1-

Trichocyclus arabana , new species Figures 204 –214

TYPE: Male holotype from 9.8 km WSW of Mt. Bray, Mt. Barry Station (28°11̍S, 134°42̍E), South Australia, Australia ; Sept. 18–21, 1996 (Stony Desert Survey), in SAM (N1999/814).

ETYMOLOGY: Named for the Arabana (Ngarabana), an aboriginal tribe of the Lake Eyre area, South Australia. The species name is a noun in apposition.

DIAGNOSIS: Distinguished from the very similar T. balladong by the much narrower dorsal apophysis on the procursus (compare figs. 206 and 229); from all other congeners by the short but wide distal apophyses on the male chelicerae (fig. 211).

MALE (holotype): Total length 2.7, carapace width 1.35. Leg 1: 24.2 (6.8 + 0.5 + 6.7 + 8.9 + 1.3), tibia 2: 4.7, tibia 3: 3.2, tibia 4: 4.8; tibia 1 l/d: 50. Habitus as in fig. 204. Prosoma shape as in T. nullarbor (cf. figs. 187–189); carapace pale ochre with light brown pattern similar to that of T. nullarbor (cf. fig. 187), but without radial marks and with only two pairs of lateral spots instead of three. Distance PME­PME 0.165; diameter PME 0.095; distance PME­ALE 0.035; diameter AME 0.105. Clypeus with pair of brown bands converging distally; sternum pale ochre, light brown speckled. Chelicerae as in fig. 211, ochre, with pair of short, wide distal apophyses and proximal pair laterally, and stridulatory ridges. Palps as in figs. 205 and 206, procursus with rounded dorsal apophysis (fig. 212). Legs pale ochre, with light brown rings on femora (subdistally) and tibiae (proximally and subdistally), patellae also darker; legs without spines, curved, and vertical hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium of tibia 1 at 12%; tarsal pseudosegments very indistinct, only distally ~7 discernible. Opisthosoma dorsoposteriorly long (fig. 204), gray, covered with many black spots except ventrally. Genital plate light brown; gonopore without epiandrous spigots (fig. 207). Several piriform gland spigots on ALS (fig. 209).

VARIATION: Tibia 1 in 24 males: 5.1–7.7 (x = 6.6). In some specimens the pattern on the carapace resembles more that of T. nullarbor , that is, there are radial marks and a third pair of lateral spots; some specimens have a very long opisthosoma, but it is only the dorsal part that is elongated, projecting far beyond the spinnerets.

FEMALE: In general very similar to male, but dark pattern on carapace more distinct, and sternum darker (brown). Tibia 1 in 14 females: 4.9–7.2 (x = 5.80). Palpal tarsal organ as in fig. 208. Pseudosegmentation of tarsus 1 near tip as in fig. 210. Opisthosoma frontodorsally with pair of indistinct, transparent humps. Epigynum as in fig. 213, dorsal view as in fig. 214.

DISTRIBUTION: Widely distributed in South

Australia, southern Northern Territory, and eastern Western Australia (map 10).

MATERIAL EXAMINED: AUSTRALIA: South Australia: Mt. Barry Station: Holotype above; Jimmy Waterhole, Mt. Barry Station (28°13̍S, 134°32̍E), Sept. 18–21, 1996 (Stony Desert Survey), 13 ( SAM N1999 / 813); 5.5 km NW of Mt. Minyalcooroo, Arckaringa Station (27°57̍S, 135°06̍E), Sept. 15–20, 1996 (Stony Desert Survey), 13 ( SAM N1999 /816); 31.5 km SE of Ucutanna Hill, Allendale Station (27°25̍S, 135°54̍E), Nov. 14–17, 1995 (Stony Desert Survey), 13 ( SAM N1999 /817); sanddune 4.5 km NE of Cheesman Peak (27°22̍S, 130°42̍E), Oct. 25, 1996 (Pitjantjatjara Lands Survey), 13 ( SAM NN9021 ); 4.1 km ESE of Parke Camp Waterhole, Todmorden Station (27°21̍S, 134°29̍E), Sept. 21–25, 1996 (Stony Desert Survey), 13 ( SAM N1999 /818); 9.7 km S of Ampeinna Hills (27°09̍S, 131°08̍E), Mar. 19–23, 1995 (D. Hirst; Pitlands Survey), 13 ( SAM N1999 / 820); 10.2 km E of Ampeinna Hills (27°05̍S, 131°14̍E), Mar. 19–23, 1995 (D. Hirst; Pitlands Survey), 13 ( SAM N1999 /821); 14.2 km ESE of Maryinna Hill (27°00̍S, 131°21̍E), Mar. 14–18, 1995 (Pitjantjatjara Lands Survey), 13 ( SAM NN9022 ); 5.8 km SSW of Mt. Goodair, Witjira National Park (26°42̍S, 135°36̍E), Nov. 24, 1995 (Stony Desert Survey), 13 ( SAM N1999 /819); Serpentine Lake , west side on base of cliffs (28°30̍S, 129°00̍E), Apr. 17, 1994 (D. Hirst), 13 5♀ ( SAM N1999 /823–8); quartzgibber plain 4.6 km ESE of Patsy Dam (28°37̍S, 135°58̍E), Oct. 26–31, 1995 ( Lake Eyre South Survey ), 13 ( SAM N1999 /815); 4 km N of Halifax Hill (29°41̍S, 135°49̍E), Sept. 29–Oct. 5, 1995 (Painted Hills Survey), 13 ( SAM N1999 /812); Stuart Highway, roadside rest area (29°50̍S, 135°08̍E), May 11, 1999 (M. Gray, G. Milledge, H. Smith), 11♀, 1 juvenile ( AMS KS56195 );

Figs. 211–218. Trichocyclus arabana (211–214), T. nigropunctatus (215–218). 211, 215. Male chelicerae, frontal views. 212, 216. Left procursus, retrolaterodorsal views. 213, 217. Epigynum, ventral views. 214, 218. Epigynum, dorsal views. Scale lines: 0.5 mm (213, 214, 217, 218), 0.2 mm (211, 212, 215).

Stuart Highway , N of Port Augusta (31°15̍S, 136°32̍E), May 10, 1999 (M. Gray, G. Milledge, H. Smith), 13 1 juvenile ( AMS KS56194 ) ; Hanker Caravan Park (31°53̍S, 138°25̍E), May 1, 1989 (D. C. Lee, D. Hirst), 13 ( SAM N1999 /810) ; Stone Dam, Paney Station, Gawler Ranges (32°35̍S, 135°25̍E), Dec. 11, 1989 (D. Hirst), 13 2♀ ( SAM N1999 /802–4) ; Middleback Station (32°57̍S, 137°23̍E), Dec. 1983 (B. Guerin), 23 ( SAM N1999 /808–9). Western Australia: Warburton Mission (26°08̍S, 126°25̍E), inside house, Aug. 25, 1970 (J. Lowry), 13 1♀ 1 juvenile ( WAM 99 /1960–2) ; Warri Well (24°53̍S, 125°06̍E), July 19, 1982 (B. Muir), 13 1♀ ( WAM 99 /1735–6) ; Canning Stock Route, Well 25 (22°59̍S, 123°24̍E), inside dry well, July 31, 1987 (A. E. de Jong), 23 2♀ 1 juvenile ( WAM 99 /1626– 30) ; 7–8 km WNW of Point Salvation (28°12̍S, 123°36̍E), Nov. 8–10, 1990, and Feb. 25–Mar. 5, 1991 (E. R. Pianka), 23 ( WAM 99 /1660–1) ; 39 km E of Laverton (28°28̍S, 122°50̍E), Nov. 1–4, 1989 (E. R. Pianka), 13 ( WAM 99 /1658) ; Red Sands (28°12̍S, 123°35̍E), Nov. 5–7, 1989 (E. R. Pianka), 13 ( WAM 99 /1662) ; Halls Creek (18°14̍S, 127°40̍E), July 1, 1981 (D. Hirst), 13 (with a non­conspecific female!) ( SAM N1999 /867–8). Northern Territory: West MacDonnell Natl. Park, Serpentine Gorge (23°46̍S, 132°59’), under rock, May 17, 1999 (M. Gray, G. Milledge, H. Smith), 13 ( AMS KS56178 ) ; Stuart Highway at 21°38̍S, 133°45̍E, May 18, 1999 (M. Gray, G. Milledge, H. Smith), 13 2♀ 1 juvenile ( AMS KS65696 ) .

Trichocyclus nigropunctatus Simon, 1908

Figures 215–225

Trichocyclus nigropunctatus Simon, 1908: 407 .—

Deeleman­Reinhold, 1993: 325–327, figs. 1A–F.

TYPE: Female lectotype (designated by Deeleman, 1993) from Yalgoo (28°21̍S,

116°41̍E), Western Australia, Australia; 1905 (W. Michaelsen), in MNHN (collection Simon 23021; examined).

NOTES: As already noted by Deeleman­ Reinhold ( 1993), the penultimate male in the Zoological Museum Hamburg that was collected at the same locality during the same expedition, and was identified by Simon himself as T. nigropunctatus , is not a holotype (contra Rack, 1961), but a paralectotype.

Unfortunately, I could not study any new material collected at the type locality. Because females of Trichocyclus species are hardly or not at all distinguishable, the material described herein is only tentatively identified as T. nigropunctatus , based primarily on geographic proximity. Yalgoo is only 120 km from the nearest locality of the material listed below, while it is 270 km from the nearest locality of the next species ( T. balladong ). Collecting males at and around Yalgoo should easily solve this problem.

DIAGNOSIS: Distinguished from congeners by the distal male cheliceral apophyses that appear divided into two parts each (fig. 215), and by the tip of the procursus (fig. 216).

MALE (Bush Bay): Total length 3.1, carapace width 1.35. Leg 1: 26.0 (7.3 + 0.5 + 7.2 + 9.5 + 1.5), tibia 2: 5.2, tibia 3: 3.5, tibia 4: 5.9; tibia 1 l/d: 54. Prosoma shape, colors, and pattern as in T. nullarbor (cf. figs. 186–189); ocular area with dark median mark posteriorly. Distance PME­PME 0.145; diameter PME 0.095; distance PME­ALE 0.045; diameter AME 0.120. Clypeus with large brown mark tapering distally; sternum ochre, with brown speckles medially and posteriorly. Chelicerae as in figs. 215 and 223; ochre, with distinctive distal apophyses that appear divided into long lateral and shorter medial part. Palps in general as in T. arabana (cf. figs. 205, 206), only procursus different, with much wider dorsal apophysis (fig. 216); with brush of hairlike structures (fig. 221). Bulb very similar to T. nullarbor (cf. figs. 191, 192); distal view as in fig. 220. Legs ochre, with brown rings on femora (subdistally) and tibiae (proximally), patellae also darker; legs without spines, without curved and vertical hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium of tibia 1 at 14%; tarsus 1 distally with ~9 barely distinguishable pseudosegments, proximally pseudosegmentation not visible. Opisthosoma higher than long, but posteriorly rounded, gray, covered with many black and white spots except ventrally. Genital plate light brown; gonopore without epiandrous spigots (fig. 219). Several piriform gland spigots on ALS (fig. 224).

VARIATION: Tibia 1 in 80 males: 5.3–8.0 (x = 6.7).

FEMALE: In general very similar to male, but sternum darker, and chelicerae without stridulatory ridges. Tibia 1 in 22 females: 4.1–6.5 (x = 5.4). Palpal tarsus tip as in fig. 222. Opisthosoma frontodorsally apparently without humps. Epigynum as in fig. 217, dorsal view as in fig. 218. (Note that it is hardly distinguishable from that of T. arabana ; cf. figs. 213, 214.) Spigots on ALS as in male (fig. 225).

DISTRIBUTION: Known from several localities in western Western Australia (map 10).

MATERIAL EXAMINED: AUSTRALIA: Western Australia: Yalgoo: Female holotype above ; Greenough River , 2 km SW of Eradu (28°43̍S, 115°02̍E), under rock, Feb. 22, 1979 (M. R. Gray), 13 ( AMS KS14914 ) ; Zuytdorp (27°16̍S, 114°04̍E), Aug. 26, 1994 – May 18, 1995 (A. Sampey, M. S Harvey ‘‘et al.’’), 43 5 juveniles ( WAM 99 / 2026–34) ; Nerren Nerren Station (27°00̍S, 114°32̍E), Aug. 25, 1994 – Aug. 18, 1995 (P. West, N. McKenzie, J. Rolfe, J. M. Waldock, N. Hall), 43 2♀ 3 juveniles ( WAM 99 / 1972–8) ; same locality at 27°03̍S, 114°36̍E, Aug. 25, 1994 – May 28, 1995 (J. M. Waldock, P. West, N. McKenzie, J. Rolfe), 23 2♀ 1 juvenile ( WAM 99 /1979–83) ; Polelle Station (26°55̍S, 118°33̍E), Aug. 5, 1982 (B. Y. Main), 13 ( WAM 99 /2102) ; Nanga Station (26°29̍S, 114°03̍E), Aug. 23, 1994 – Aug. 30, 1995 (A. Sampey, N. Hall, N. McKenzie, J. Rolfe, P. West), 113 4♀ 4 juveniles ( WAM 99 /1952–71) ; Hamelin Pool (26°24̍S, 114°10̍E), Nov. 27, 1991 (M. S. Harvey, M. E. Blosfelds), 13 1 juvenile ( WAM 99 /1645–6) ; Woodleigh Station (26°12̍S, 114°32̍E), Oct. 11, 1994 – May 17, 1995 (P. West, N. McKenzie, J. Rolfe), 83 1♀ 5 juveniles ( WAM 99 /1993–7, 1999– 2007) ; same locality at 26°11̍S, 114°32̍E, May 17–Aug. 21, 1995 (N. Hall), 1♀ ( WAM 99 /1998), assigned tentatively ; same locality at 26°12̍S, 114°31̍E, Aug. 22–Oct. 10, 1994 (M. Harvey ‘‘et al.’’), 23 ( WAM 99 /2008– 9) ; same locality at 26°12̍S, 114°25̍E, Aug. 22, 1994 – Aug. 21, 1995 (N. McKenzie, J. Rolfe, P. West, N. Hall, M. S. Harvey), 93 5♀ 3 juveniles ( WAM 99 /2010–25) ; same locality at 26°13̍S, 114°35̍E, Jan. 17–May 17, 1995 (P. West ‘‘et al.’’), 33 1♀ ( WAM 99 /1989 –92) ; same locality at 26°13̍S, 114°35̍E, Jan. 12–Aug. 21, 1995 (N. Hall, P. West), 33 1♀ 1 juvenile ( WAM 99 /1984–8) ; Francois Peron National Park (25°50̍S, 113°36̍E), Oct. 12, 1994 – May 27, 1995 (M. S. Harvey, N. McKenzie, J. Rolfe), 53 1♀ 1 juvenile ( WAM 99 /1900–6) ; Meedo Station (25°43̍S, 114°36̍E), Aug. 22–Oct. 11, 1994 (P. West ‘‘et al.’’), 23 1 juvenile ( WAM 99 /1949 –51) ; same locality at 25°37̍S, 114°42̍E, May 28–Aug. 21, 1995 (N. Hall), 13 1 juvenile, 1 prosoma ( WAM 99 /1940– 1) ; same locality at 25°41̍S, 114°37̍E, May 18–Aug. 22, 1995 (N. Hall), 13 ( WAM 99 / 1948) ; same locality at 26°37̍S, 114°41̍E, May 16–21, 1995 (A. Sampey ‘‘et al.’’), 2♀ ( WAM 99 /1942–3), assigned tentatively ; same locality at 25°39̍S, 114°37̍E, Aug. 22, 1994 – Jan. 12, 1995 (P. West, N. McKenzie, J. Rolfe), 2♀ 3 juveniles ( WAM 99 /1944–7), assigned tentatively ; Bidgemia Station, Gascoyne Junction (25°07̍S, 115°26̍E), Aug. 17, 1994 – Aug. 20, 1995 (A. Sampey, N. Hall, J. M. Waldock), 33 2 juveniles ( WAM 99 /1848–52) ; same locality at 25°10̍S, 115°29̍E, Jan. 16–June 4, 1995 (J. M. Waldock ‘‘et al.’’), 1♀ ( WAM 99 /1845) assigned tentatively ; same locality at 25°05̍S, 115°22̍E, Aug. 17–Oct. 5, 1994 (A. Sampey ‘‘et al.’’), 1♀ ( WAM 99 /1853) ; same locality at 25°11̍S, 115°29̍E, Aug. 17, 1994 – Jan. 13, 1995 (N. McKenzie, J. Rolfe, A. Sampey), 23 ( WAM 99 /1846–7) ; same locality at 25°13̍S, 115°31̍E, Oct. 4, 1994 – Jan. 13, 1995 (N. McKenzie, J. Rolfe), 13 1 juvenile ( WAM 99 /1841–2) ; same locality at 25°12̍S, 115°30̍E, Aug. 17–Oct. 4, 1994 (A. Sampey ‘‘et al.’’), 1♀ 1 juvenile ( WAM 99 / 1843–4), assigned tentatively ; same locality at 25°03̍S, 115°18̍E, Jan. 13–June 6, 1995 (J. M. Waldock ‘‘et al.’’), 23 4 juveniles ( WAM 99 /1856–61) ; same locality at 25°03̍S, 115°17̍E, June 6–Aug. 20, 1995 (N. Hall), 1♀ 1 juvenile ( WAM 99 /1862–3), assigned tentatively ; same locality, Aug. 17– Oct. 5, 1994 (A. Sampey ‘‘et al.’’), 1♀ 2 juveniles ( WAM 99 /1854–5), assigned tentatively ; Bush Bay (25°07̍S, 113°48̍E), Sept. 27–Jan. 26, 1995 (P. West, M. S. Harvey, N. McKenzie, J. Rolfe), 33 5♀ ( WAM 99 / 1877–84) ; Kennedy Range National Park (24°30̍S, 115°01̍E), Aug. 18, 1994 – Aug. 28, 1995 (N. McKenzie, J. Rolfe, M. S. Harvey, P. West, N. Hall), 73 5♀ 3 juveniles ( WAM 99 /1911–24) ; same locality at 24°34̍S, 114°57̍E, Aug. 18–Oct. 8, 1994 (M. S. Harvey ‘‘et al.’’), 33 1 juvenile ( WAM 99 /1925–8) ; same locality at 24°30̍S, 115°02̍E, May 29–Aug. 28, 1995 (N. Hall ‘‘et al.’’), 23 ( WAM 99 /1908–9) ; Boolathana Station (24°25̍S, 113°42̍E), Sept. 27, 1994 – Aug. 25, 1995 (J. M. Waldock, N. Hall, N. McKenzie, J. Rolfe, A. Sampey), 63 1♀ 3 juveniles ( WAM 99 /1865–73, 1875) ; same locality at 24°24̍S, 113°40̍E, May 28– June 2, 1995 (J. M. Waldock ‘‘et al.’’), 1♀ ( WAM 99 /1864) assigned tentatively ; same locality at 24°24̍S, 113°42̍E, May 28–June 2, 1995 (J. M. Waldock ‘‘et al.’’), 1♀ ( WAM 99 /1874) assigned tentatively ; same locality at 24°25̍S, 113°46̍E, Aug. 20–Sept. 30, 1994 (A. Sampey ‘‘et al.’’), 13 ( WAM 99 / 1876) ; Mardathuna Station (24°24̍S, 114°28̍E), Oct. 5, 1994 – May 28, 1995 (N. McKenzie, J. Rolfe, A. Sampey), 53 ( WAM 99 /1933–7) ; same locality at 24°24̍S, 114°27̍E, Oct. 5, 1994 – Jan. 14, 1995 (N. McKenzie, J. Rolfe), 13 1♀ ( WAM 99 / 1938–9) ; same locality at 24°30̍S, 114°38̍E, May 23–28, 1995 (A. Sampey ‘‘et al.’’), 1♀ ( WAM 99 /1929), assigned tentatively ; same locality at 24°27̍S, 114°31̍E, Oct. 5, 1994 – Jan. 14, 1995 (N. McKenzie, J. Rolfe), 13 2 juveniles ( WAM 99 /1930–2) ; Cape Cuvier, Quobba Station (24°13̍S, 113°30̍E), Sept. 29, 1994 – May 30, 1995 (N. McKenzie, J. Rolfe, A. Sampey), 83 5♀ 2 juveniles ( WAM 99 /1885–99) ; Barlee Range Nature Reserve (23°05̍S, 115°47̍E), June 15–18, 1994 (P. G. & G. W. Kendrick), 13 3♀ ( WAM 99 /2139 –41) ; same locality at 23°03̍S, 115°49̍E, June 15–18, 1994 (P. G. & G. W. Kendrick), 23 1♀ ( WAM 99 /2136– 8) ; Kuburu Well Cave, near Exmouth (~21°55̍S, 114°07̍E), Sept. 17, 1983 (J. Lowry), 13 2♀ ( WAM 99 /1716–18) ; Barrow Island, John Wayne Country (20°45̍S, 115°22̍E), Oct. 28, 1998 (M. S. Harvey, V. T. Ovtsharenko), 13 1♀ ( WAM 99 /2092–5) ; same locality, WAPET camp (20°49̍S, 115°27̍E), Nov. 5–Dec. 3, 1993 (M. S. Harvey, J. M. Waldock), 13 1 juvenile ( WAM 99 /1738) ; Barrow Island , Apr. 2, 1971 (A. A. Burbidge, W. H. Butler), 13 2♀ ( WAM 79 / 334–6) .

Trichocyclus warianga , new species Figures 226, 227

TYPE: Male holotype from Barlee Range Nature Reserve (23°23̍S, 115°53̍E), Western Australia, Australia ; June 11–14, 1994 (P. G. & G. W. Kendrick) ( WAM 99 /1820) .

ETYMOLOGY: Named for the Wariangga (also Warianga), an aboriginal tribe in the Barlee Range area. The species name is a noun in apposition.

DIAGNOSIS: Easily distinguished from similar congeners ( T. arabana , balladong , nigropunctatus ) by the presence of a dorsodistal apophysis on the procursus (arrow in fig. 227).

MALE (holotype): Total length 2.9, carapace width 1.19. Leg 1: 27.2 (7.6 + 0.5 + 7.3 + 10.1 + 1.7), tibia 2: 5.1, tibia 3: 3.5, tibia 4: 5.1; tibia 1 l/d: 62. Prosoma shape as in T. nullarbor (cf. figs. 186–189); carapace ochre with wide brown median spot and three pairs of lateral spots, without radial marks; ocular area posteriorly with median and lateral brown bands. Distance PME­ PME 0.135; diameter PME 0.100; distance PME­ALE 0.025; diameter AME 0.100. Clypeus with pair of brown bands converging distally; sternum light brown with yellow speckles, larger yellow spot behind labium. Chelicerae as in fig. 226; ochre, with short, wide apophyses distally, and smaller proximal apophyses laterally; with stridulatory ridges. Palps in general as in T. arabana (cf. figs. 205, 206), but procursus with distinctive dorsodistal apophysis (arrow in fig. 227). Legs ochre­yellow, with light brown rings on femora (subdistally) and tibiae (proximally and subdistally), patellae also darker, tips of femora and tibiae whitish; legs without spines, curved, and vertical hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium of tibia 1 at 13%; tarsus 1 distally with ~12 quite distinct pseudosegments, proximally they are very indistinct. Opisthosoma dorsoposteriorly very long,

Figs. 226–229. Trichocyclus warianga (226, 227), and T. balladong (228, 229), male. 226, 228. Chelicerae, frontal views. 227, 229. Left procursi, retrolateral (slightly dorsal) views; unshafted arrow: diagnostic apophysis; ‘‘a’’, ‘‘p’’ = apophysis and pocket. Scale lines: 0.3 mm.

gray, covered with black and white spots except ventrally; genital plate light brown, about rectangular.

VARIATION: Tibia 1 in 2 other males: 7.2, 7.7.

FEMALE: In general very similar to male, but sternum with median light band. Opis­ thosoma frontodorsally with pair of indistinct, transparent humps. Epigynum externally not distinguishable from that of T. arabana (cf. fig. 213).

DISTRIBUTION: Known from two localities in western Western Australia (map 10).

MATERIAL EXAMINED: AUSTRALIA: West­

ern Australia: Barlee Range Nature Reserve : Male holotype above, with 13 2♀ ( WAM 99 /1821–3) ; Kennedy Range National Park (24°31̍S, 114°58̍E), Aug. 18–Oct. 4, 1994 (M. S. Harvey ‘‘et al.’’), 13 ( WAM 99 / 1836) .

Trichocyclus balladong , new species Figures 228, 229

TYPE: Male holotype from Tammin (31°38̍S, 117°29̍E), Western Australia, Australia ; May 1962 (B. Y. Main), in WAM (99/ 1698).

ETYMOLOGY: Named for the Balardong (also Balladong), an aboriginal tribe from the Tammin area. The species name is a noun in apposition.

DIAGNOSIS: Distinguished from the very similar T. arabana by the much wider dorsal apophysis on the procursus (compare figs. 206 and 229); from all other congeners by the short but wide distal apophyses on the male chelicerae (fig. 228).

MALE (holotype): Total length 3.7, carapace width 1.77. Leg 1: 37.3 (10.1 + 0.7 + 10.0 + 14.4 + 2.1), tibia 2: 7.3, tibia 3: 4.9, tibia 4: 7.5; tibia 1 l/d: 63. Prosoma shape as in T. nullarbor (cf. figs. 186–189); carapace pale ochre with light brown pattern very similar to that of T. nullarbor (cf. fig. 187). Distance PME­PME 0.215; diameter PME 0.120; distance PME­ALE 0.065; diameter AME 0.145. Clypeus with large brown mark tapering distally; sternum ochre­yellow with triangular dark mark posteriorly. Chelicerae as in fig. 228; ochre, with pair of short, wide distal apophyses and smaller proximal pair, with stridulatory ridges. Palps in general as in T. arabana (cf. figs. 205, 206), only procursus different, with much wider dorsal apophysis (fig. 229). Legs ochre, with light brown rings on femora (subdistally) and tibiae (proximally and subdistally), patellae also darker, tips of femora and tibiae whitish; legs without spines, curved, and vertical hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium of tibia 1 at 13%; tarsus 1 distally with ~8 distinct pseudosegments, proximally pseudosegmentation very indistinct. Opisthosoma dorsoposteriorly longer than in T. nullarbor , ochre gray, covered with many black spots except ventrally; genital plate light brown.

VARIATION: Tibia 1 in 2 males from Newmans Rocks: 5.7, 5.7 (these males are in general much smaller that the holotype, but are identical in structure); tibia 1 in all other males examined (N = 5): 8.7–10.0 (x = 9.3). Some males have also white spots on the opisthosoma.

FEMALE: In general very similar to male, but sternum brown with yellowish speckles. Tibia 1 in 3 females from Newmans Rocks: 4.3–4.9; in 2 females from Tammin: 7.7, 8.4. Opisthosoma frontodorsally with pair of indistinct, transparent humps. Epigynum externally not distinguishable from that of T. arabana (cf. fig. 213).

DISTRIBUTION: Known from several localities in southwestern Western Australia (map 10).

MATERIAL EXAMINED: AUSTRALIA: Western Australia: Tammin: Holotype above, with 13 2♀ ( WAM 99 /1699–1701); same locality, Feb. 1963 (B. Y. Main), 13 1♀ ( WAM 99 /1686–7); same locality, 1963 (B. Y. Main), 13 ( WAM 99 /1684); Perth airport (31°58̍S, 115°58̍E), wet pitfalls, Jan. 6–Mar. 18, 1994 (M. S. Harvey, J. M. Waldock), 23 ( WAM 99 /2115–6); Mt. Elvire Station (29°19̍S, 119°38̍E), Sept. 13–17, 1994 (A. Burbidge ‘‘et al.’’), 13 ( WAM 99 /1783); Helena­Aurora Ranges (30°23̍S, 119°38̍E), Sept. 24, 1995 (R. P. McMillan), 13 ( WAM 99 /1782); Kalgoorlie (30°48̍S, 121°28̍E), Feb. 3–6, 1974 (T. Crawford), 13 ( WAM 99 / 1570); Newmans Rocks (32°07̍S, 123°10̍E), Feb. 24, 1989 (M. S. Harvey, M. E. Blosfelds), 23, 3♀ ( WAM 99 /1728–32).

Trichocyclus aranda , new species Figures 230–234

TYPE: Male holotype from rocky cliff face, Glen Annie Gorge , Ruby Gap Nature Park (23°27̍S, 135°00̍E), Northern Territory, Australia ; Mar. 21, 1993 (D. Hirst), in SAM (N1999/786).

ETYMOLOGY: Named for the Aranda, an aboriginal tribe from Northern Territory. The species name is a noun in apposition.

DIAGNOSIS: Distinguished from the very similar T. djauan by the absence of two bulbal apophyses (fig. 231; compare fig. 235, apophysis ‘‘y’’ and fig. 236, arrow). From other congeners by the apophyses on the male chelicerae (small proximal and strong, curved distal apophyses; fig. 230).

MALE (holotype): Total length 4.4, carapace width 1.87. Leg 1: 49.6 (13.6 + 0.8 + 13.5 + 19.2 + 2.5), tibia 2: 9.6, tibia 3: 6.4, tibia 4: 8.9; tibia 1 l/d: 78. Habitus and prosoma shape as in T. nullarbor (cf. figs. 186– 189); carapace pale ochre with light brown pattern as in T. nullarbor , but radial spots less complete. Distance PME­PME 0.145; diameter PME 0.145; distance PME­ALE 0.045; diameter AME 0.120. Clypeus with narrow brown band; sternum brown, with ochre speckles. Chelicerae dark ochre with pair of strong, curved black apophyses distally and another pair of small apophyses more proximally, and stridulatory ridges (fig. 230). Palps as in fig. 231, procursus as in fig. 232. Legs ochre­yellow, with indistinct dark­ er rings on femora (subdistally) and tibiae (proximally and subdistally), patellae also darker; legs without spines, curved, and vertical hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium of tibia 1 at 13%; tarsus 1 distally with ~10 quite distinct pseudosegments, proximally pseudosegmentation not visible in dissecting microscope. Opisthosoma roundish, gray, with many blackish spots except ventrally; genital plate gray­brown, about rectangular.

VARIATION: Some specimens from Western Australia (see below) are very similar to the type, but differ slightly with respect to the procursus (the proximal hump is more prominent: arrow ‘‘1’’ in fig. 232; the tip is narrower in dorsal view: arrow ‘‘2’’ in fig. 232; the distal ridge is smaller, and missing in the male from Barrow Island: arrow ‘‘3’’ in fig. 232), and the palpal femur which has a small dark ventral hump subdistally. Also, PME­ PME distance is larger in these males (0.160) while PME diameter is smaller (0.120). Tibia 1 in the three known males from Western Australia: 12.7, 13.6, 14.1. More collecting is needed to decide on the taxonomic status of these specimens.

FEMALE: In general very similar to male; tibia 1 in 3 females: 9.9, 10.5, 10.7. Opisthosoma frontodorsally apparently without humps. Epigynum as in fig. 233, dorsal view as in fig. 234. ALS with several piriform gland spigots.

DISTRIBUTION: Known from southern Northern Territory and northwestern Western Australia (map 11).

MATERIAL EXAMINED: AUSTRALIA: Northern Territory: Ruby Gap Nature Park: Male holotype above, with 13 3♀ 4 juveniles ( SAM N1999 /787–90). All other material is assigned tentatively. Western Australia: Woodstock Station , Site WS 10 (21°40̍S, 119°03̍E), in cave, Oct. 26, 1990 (M. S. Harvey), 13 1 juvenile ( WAM 99 /1834–5) ; Dales Gorge, Karijini National Park (22°28̍S, 118°33̍E), Sept. 11, 1981 (D. Hirst), 13 1♀ ( SAM N1999 /865–6) ; Barrow Island , cave B4 (20°45̍S, 115°22̍E), Sept. 3, 1991 (W. F. Humphreys, B. Vine), 13 ( WAM 99 /1624) .

Trichocyclus djauan , new species Figures 235, 236

TYPE: Male holotype from Katherine Gorge (14°19̍S, 132°28̍E), Northern Territory, Australia ; Dec. 1980 (R. R. Jackson), in QMB ( S34667 ) .

ETYMOLOGY: Named for the Djauan, an aboriginal tribe in the Katherine area of Northern Territory. The species name is a noun in apposition.

DIAGNOSIS: Distinguished from the very similar T. aranda by the presence of two bulbal apophyses (‘‘y’’ in fig. 235 and arrow in fig. 236). From other congeners by the apophyses on the male chelicerae, identical to those of T. aranda (small proximal and strong, curved distal apophyses; cf. fig. 230).

MALE (holotype): Total length 3.6, carapace width 1.55. Leg 1: 47.3 (12.0 + 0.7 + 12.3 + 19.6 + 2.7), tibia 2: 8.8, tibia 3: 5.7, tibia 4: 8.0; tibia 1 l/d: 77. Habitus and prosoma shape as in T. nullarbor (cf. figs. 186– 189); carapace pale ochre with light brown pattern as in T. nullarbor , but without radial spots. Distance PME­PME 0.175; diameter PME 0.120; distance PME­ALE 0.055; diameter AME 0.145. Clypeus with large, distally tapering brown band; sternum brown, with light spots anteriorly and smaller ones near bases of coxae. Chelicerae identical to those of T. aranda (cf. fig. 230). Palps also very similar to T. aranda (cf. fig. 231), procursus not distinguishable, but bulb significantly different: with distinct proximal apophysis (unshafted arrow in fig. 236) and distal apophyses or crests (‘‘x’’ and ‘‘y’’ in figs. 235, 236). Legs ochre­yellow, with darker rings on femora (subdistally) and tibiae (proximally and subdistally), patellae also darker, tips of femora and tibiae whitish; legs without spines, without curved and vertical hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium of tibia 1 at 10%; tarsus 1 distally with ~12 quite distinct pseudosegments, proximally pseudosegmentation not visible in dissecting microscope. Opisthosoma roundish, ochre­gray, with blackish spots except ventrally; genital plate light brown, about rectangular.

VARIATION: All specimens from other localities are significantly smaller: tibia 1 in males from type locality: 11.1, 12.3; all other localities: 5.6–8.5 (N = 5). In addition, the proximal apophysis on the genital bulb in these males is less developed, and is even missing in the males from Saddle Creek and Gregory National Park. The material from the latter two localities is therefore assigned tentatively.

FEMALE: In general very similar to male; tibia 1 in 2 females: 5.1 (Kakadu Natl. Park), 11.3 (Katherine Gorge). Opisthosoma frontodorsally with pair of indistinct, transparent humps. Epigynum externally not distinguishable from that of T. nullarbor (cf. fig. 193).

DISTRIBUTION: Known only from northern Northern Territory (map 11).

MATERIAL EXAMINED: AUSTRALIA: Northern Territory: Katherine Gorge : Male holotype above, with 23 1♀ ( QMB S50259 ) ; Kakadu National Park, Mirrai ( Mt. Cahill ), under stones (12°53̍S, 132°42̍E), July 5–7, 1994 (M. S. Harvey, D. M. Hyder), 13 1♀ 1 juvenile ( WAM 99 /1807–9) ; Jabiru Residency (12°41̍S, 132°53̍E), May 28, 1992 (M. S. Harvey), 13 ( WAM 99 /1673) ; 77 km N of Pine Creek (13°07̍S, 131°50̍E), under rocks, July 4, 1987 (M. S. Harvey), 13 ( WAM 99 /1676). The following material is assigned tentatively: Gregory National Park, Victoria Highway (15°36̍S, 131°09̍E), un­ der rock, May 25, 1999 (M. Gray, G. Milledge, H. Smith), 13 ( AMS KS56177 ) ; Saddle Creek, Victoria Highway (15°56̍S, 129°34̍E), under logs, May 26, 1999 (M. Gray, G. Milledge, H. Smith), 13 ( AMS KS56176 ) .

Trichocyclus gnalooma , new species Figures 237–241

TYPE: Male holotype from Woodstock Homestead (21°37̍S, 118°57̍E), Western Australia, Australia ; July 28, 1987 (B. Y. Main), inside house, in WAM (99/1792).

ETYMOLOGY: Named for the Ngaluma (also Gnalooma), an aboriginal tribe in Western Australia. The species name is a noun in apposition.

DIAGNOSIS: Distinguished from the similar T. aranda by the shape of the procursus (compare figs. 232 and 239) and by the shape of the distal male cheliceral apophyses (compare figs. 230 and 237).

MALE (holotype): Total length 3.5, carapace width 1.84. Leg 1: 35.3 (9.7 + 0.7 + 9.6 + 13.2 + 2.1), tibia 2: 7.1, tibia 3: 4.9, tibia 4: 6.9; tibia 1 l/d: 58. Prosoma shape as in T. nullarbor (cf. figs. 186–189); carapace ochre with wide brown median band and only two pairs of lateral spots, without radial marks; ocular area brown, posteriorly with median and lateral darker bands. Distance PME­PME 0.175; diameter PME 0.120; distance PME­ALE 0.045; diameter AME 0.120. Clypeus with pair of brown bands converging distally; sternum brown with many yellowish speckles, larger spot near coxae. Chelicerae as in fig. 237; brown, with black apophyses, and stridulatory ridges. Palps as in fig. 238, procursus in retrolaterodorsal view with slender distal element (fig. 239). Legs ochre, with brown rings on femora (subdistally) and tibiae (proximally and subdistally), patellae also darker, tips of femora and tibiae whitish; legs without spines, without curved and vertical hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium of tibia 1 at 12%; tarsus 1 distally with ~8 quite distinct pseudosegments, proximally they are very indistinct. Opisthosoma dorsoposteriorly very long, gray, covered with black spots except ventrally; genital plate brown, large, about square.

VARIATION: Tibia 1 in 4 other males: 4.7 (Boodarie Hill), 7.1, 7.1, 7.2.

FEMALE: In general very similar to male. Opisthosoma frontodorsally with pair of indistinct, transparent humps. Epigynum as in fig. 240, with pair of distinctive indentations frontally; dorsal view as in fig. 241.

DISTRIBUTION: Known from several localities in northwestern Western Australia (map 11).

MATERIAL EXAMINED: AUSTRALIA: Western Australia: Woodstock Homestead : Male holotype above, with 2♀ ( WAM 99 /1793–4) ; same locality, May 2, 1988 (J. M. Waldock), 1♀ ( WAM 99 /1670) ; Woodstock Station (21°37̍S, 118°57̍E), Feb. 10–17, 1989 (J. Dell, R. A. How, J. M. Waldock), 13 ( WAM 99 /1832) ; same locality, Oct. 27, 1990 (M. S. Harvey), 13 ( WAM 99 /1831) ; same locality at 21°37̍S, 118°59̍E, Feb. 10–17, 1989 (J. Dell, R. A. How, J. M. Waldock), 13 ( WAM 99 /1833) ; Boodarie Hill area , ~ 15 km SW of Port Hedland (~20°25̍S, 118°28̍E), Oct. 11–17, 1994 (G. Harold, J. Dell), 13 ( WAM 99 /1741) ; Mundabullangana Station (20°32̍S, 118°02̍E), July 21, 1981 (D. Hirst), 13 2♀ ( SAM N1999 /869– 71) ; Nigger Ring Rockhole , 7 km SSW of Camel Rock (22°37̍S, 122°36̍E), July 11, 1982 (B. Muir), 2♀ ( WAM 99 /1618–20), assigned tentatively ; Lower Carawine Gorge (21°29̍S, 121°02̍E), June 20–30, 1986 (K. McKenna), 1♀ ( WAM 99 /1615), assigned tentatively .

Trichocyclus kurara , new species Figures 242, 243

TYPE: Male holotype from Glen Cummings Gorge (25°02̍S, 128°18̍E), Western Australia, Australia ; Jan. 13–14, 1990 (M. S. Harvey, T. F. Houston), in WAM (99/1592).

ETYMOLOGY: Named for the Ngadadjara, an aboriginal tribe from Western Australia, whose people of the Rawlinson Ranges are also called Kurara. The species name is a noun in apposition.

DIAGNOSIS: Distinguished from known congeners by the distinctively bifurcated bulbal tip (fig. 243) and by the shape of the procursus (fig. 243); also by the shape of the male cheliceral apophyses (fig. 242), which are similar to those of T. gnalooma (cf. fig. 237).

MALE (holotype): Total length 3.4, carapace width 1.74. Leg 1: 41.8 (10.9 + 0.7 + 11.2 + 16.5 + 2.5), tibia 2: 7.9, tibia 3: 5.1, tibia 4: 7.2; tibia 1 l/d: 70. Habitus and prosoma shape as in T. nullarbor (cf. figs. 186– 189); carapace ochre with three pairs of lateral spots; median and radial spots barely visible; ocular area ochre. Distance PME­ PME 0.145; diameter PME 0.125; distance PME­ALE 0.045; diameter AME 0.105. Clypeus ochre; sternum pale ochre. Chelicerae as in fig. 242; brown, with black apophyses, and stridulatory ridges. Palps in general as in T. gnalooma (cf. fig. 238), procursus and bulb as in fig. 243. Legs ochre­yellow, with slightly darker rings on femora (subdistally) and tibiae (proximally and subdistally), patellae also darker, tips of femora and tibiae whitish; almost all hairs on legs missing; retrolateral trichobothrium of tibia 1 at 11%; tarsus 1 distally with ~7 fairly distinct pseudosegments, proximally pseudosegmentation not visible in dissecting microscope. Opisthosoma roundish, gray, with many dark spots dorsally; genital plate light brown, about rectangular.

FEMALE: In general very similar to male, but opisthosoma much higher, though not pointed dorsoposteriorly. Tibia 1: 8.9. Opisthosoma frontodorsally with pair of fairly distinct, transparent humps. Epigynum very similar to that of T. gnalooma (cf. fig. 240), but instead of frontal pockets only pair of sclerotized areas.

DISTRIBUTION: Known only from type locality in eastern Western Australia (map 11).

MATERIAL EXAMINED: AUSTRALIA: Western Australia: Glen Cummings Gorge: Male holotype above, with 1♀ ( WAM 99/1593).

Trichocyclus septentrionalis Deeleman­Reinhold, 1993 Figures 244–250

Trichocyclus septentrionalis Deeleman­Reinhold, 1993: 327–328 , figs. 1G–N.

TYPE: Male holotype from outside cave C227 (22°03̍S, 114°00̍E), Cape Range , Western Australia ; May 24, 1990 (J. M. Waldock), in WAM (92/629), examined. (All other specimens treated in the original description were designated paratypes.)

DIAGNOSIS: Large species, easily distinguished from congeners by the huge protrusions (and their shape) on the male chelicerae (figs. 245, 246), by the elevation in males carrying the AME (fig. 244), by the procursus with its wide distal part (fig. 248), and by the large notch on the frontal plate of the epigynum (fig. 249).

MALE (holotype): Total length 4.2, carapace width 1.77. Leg 1: 50.1 (13.2 + 0.9 + 13.6 + 19.6 + 2.8), tibia 2: 10.0, tibia 3 missing, tibia 4: 9.3; tibia 1 l/d: 73. Habitus and prosoma shape as in T. nullarbor (cf. figs. 186–189), but AME on elevation (fig. 244); carapace ochre, with brown spot behind ocular area, without lateral spots. Eye pattern as in fig. 244; distance PME­PME 0.175; diameter PME 0.115; distance PME­ ALE 0.055; diameter AME 0.120. Clypeus light ochre­yellow; sternum ochre yellow, with darker margins and slightly darker median band. Chelicerae brown, with prominent black apophyses and stridulatory ridges (figs. 245, 246). Palps as in fig. 247, procursus as in fig. 248, with very broad but simple distal part. Legs ochre, with indistinct darker rings on femora and tibiae (subdistally), patellae also darker; tips of femora and tibiae whitish; legs without spines, without curved and vertical hairs (most hairs missing in holotype); retrolateral trichobothrium of tibia 1 at 13%; tarsal pseudosegments very indistinct, only distally ~10 visible. Opisthosoma rounded as in T. nullarbor (cf. fig. 186), ochre gray, dorsally with some blackish spots; genital plate light brown, about rectangular.

VARIATION: Tibia 1 in 2 other males: 12.5, 12.8.

FEMALE: In general very similar to male, but AME not on elevation, carapace laterally with dark marks; sternum often darker than in male, chelicerae without stridulatory ridges. Tibia 1 in 16 females: 8.6–13.6 (x = 11.6); in one exceptionally small female: 5.6. Opisthosoma frontodorsally without humps. Epigynum as in fig. 249, with distinctive large notch; dorsal view as in fig. 250.

DISTRIBUTION: Known only from Cape Range, northwestern Western Australia (map 12).

MATERIAL EXAMINED: AUSTRALIA: Western Australia: Cape Range , unnamed cave ‘‘C94’’, Sept. 16–17, 1983 (J. Lowry), 1♀ ( WAM 99 /1711) ; near Cape Range No. 2 Well , May 1965 (G. W. Kendrick, G. & T. Hitchin), 1♀ ( WAM 99 /1708) ; Cape Range , July 8, 1987 (W. F. Humphreys), 1♀

( WAM 99/1632); Cape Range, Shot Pot Cave , Sept. 21, 1983 (J. Lowry), 1♀ 1 juvenile ( WAM 99 /1709–10) ; Cape Range, Anomaly Cave ‘‘C96’’ near Learmonth (~22°15̍S, 114°05̍E), Sept. 16–17, 1983 (J. Lowry), 2♀ ( WAM 99 /1712–5) ; Cape Range, Camerons Cave ‘‘C452’’ (21°58̍S, 114°07̍E), May 21, 1995 (J. M. Waldock), entrance chamber, 13 1♀ ( WAM 99 /1633– 4) .

Other than these specimens, I have seen all the material listed in the original publication (Deeleman­Reinhold, 1993), except for the three specimens deposited in the Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie, Leiden, and two specimens in the WAM (92/ 131, 92/629).

Trichocyclus grayi , new species Figures 251, 252

TYPE: Male holotype from Stuart Highway at 21°37̍S, 133°45̍E, Northern Territory, Australia ; May 18, 1999 (M. Gray, G. Milledge, H. Smith), under rock, in AMS (KS56192).

ETYMOLOGY: Named for the first collector of the type specimen and of many more pholcids in the Australian Museum in Sydney.

DIAGNOSIS: Distinguished from known congeners by the shape of the procursus with its distal prominent brush (fig. 252) and by the male chelicerae with their rounded, wide apophyses facing inwards (fig. 251).

MALE (holotype): Total length 2.7, carapace width 1.29. Leg 1: 25.1 (6.5 + 0.5 + 6.8 + 9.6 + 1.7), tibia 2: 4.7, tibia 3: 3.2, tibia 4: 4.6; tibia 1 l/d: 60. Habitus and prosoma shape similar to T. nullarbor (cf. figs. 186–189); carapace pale ochre with three pairs of lateral spots with radial marks, without median spot. Ocular area pale ochre; distance PME­PME 0.105; diameter PME 0.120; distance PME­ALE 0.040; diameter AME 0.105. Clypeus with small light spot, tapering distally; sternum whitish. Chelicerae ochre with two pairs of black, frontal apophyses, and stridulatory ridges (fig. 251). Palps in general as in T. harveyi (cf. fig. 277), but femur ventrally without hump; procursus and bulb as in fig. 252. Legs pale ochre, with darker rings on femora (subdistally), patellae + tibiae proximally, and tibiae subdistally; tips of femora and tibiae whitish; legs without spines, without curved and vertical hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium of tibia 1 at 12%; tarsus 1 distally with ~5 hardly visible pseudosegments, proximally pseudosegmentation not visible in dissecting microscope. Opisthosoma shape similar to T. nullarbor (cf.

fig. 186); ochre­gray, with many blackish spots except ventrally; genital plate not dark­ er than surrounding area.

FEMALE: Unknown.

DISTRIBUTION: Known only from type locality in Northern Territory (map 12).

MATERIAL EXAMINED: AUSTRALIA: Northern Territory: Male holotype above.

Trichocyclus oborindi , new species Figures 253, 254

TYPE: Male holotype from Bat Cave , Louie Creek (~18°15̍S, 138°05̍E), Lawn Hill National Park, Queensland, Australia ; Oct. 13, 1993 (R. Drysdale), in AMS (KS37501).

ETYMOLOGY: Named for the Ngoborindi (also called Oborindi), an aboriginal tribe from the Lawn Hill area, Queensland. The species name is a noun in apposition.

DIAGNOSIS: Distinguished from known congeners by the shape of the procursus with its small dorsal apophysis and long straight distal element (fig. 254) and by the apophyses on the male chelicerae (fig. 253; similar to T. grayi , fig. 251).

MALE (holotype): Total length 3.9, carapace width 1.77. Leg 1: 50.2 (13.3 + 0.7 + 13.6 + 20.3 + 2.3), tibia 2: 8.8, tibia 3: 5.7, tibia 4: 8.0; tibia 1 l/d: 85. Habitus and prosoma shape similar to T. nullarbor (cf. figs. 186–189); carapace ochre with small darker spot behind ocular area and black line in thoracic furrow, without lateral and radial spots. Ocular area light brown, slightly darker laterally; distance PME­PME 0.135; diameter PME 0.135; distance PME­ALE 0.040; diameter AME 0.105. Clypeus slightly darker than carapace; sternum brown with many yellowish speckles. Chelicerae ochre with two pairs of black, frontal apophyses, and stridulatory ridges (fig. 253). Palps in general as in T. harveyi (cf. fig. 277), including distinct ventrodistal hump on femur; procursus and bulb as in fig. 254. Legs ochre­yellow, with slightly darker rings on femora (subdistally), patellae + tibiae proximally, and tibiae subdistally; tips of femora and tibiae whitish; legs without spines, without curved and vertical hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium of tibia 1 at 10%; tarsus 1 distally with ~13 quite distinct pseudosegments, proximally pseu­ dosegmentation not visible in dissecting microscope. Opisthosoma shape similar to T. nullarbor (cf. fig. 186); gray, with many blackish spots dorsally; genital plate light brown, about rectangular.

FEMALE: The AMS has two female speci­ mens from the Lawn Hill area, one of which is probably conspecific with the male holotype. The epigynum of this female is similar to that of T. pustulatus (cf. fig. 258), but is medially more elevated; coloration as in male; tibia 1: 12.3.

The other female has a dark pattern on the carapace similar to T. nullarbor (cf. fig. 187), shorter legs (tibia 1: 7.6), and an even higher epigynum.

DISTRIBUTION: Known only from Lawn Hill National Park, western Queensland (map 12).

MATERIAL EXAMINED: AUSTRALIA: Queensland: Lawn Hill National Park: Male holotype above ; Lawn Hill National Park, Colonel Light Cave (~18°15̍S, 138°05̍E), Colless Ck., Oct. 28, 1993 (R. Drysdale), 1♀ ( AMS KS37498 ), assigned tentatively .

Trichocyclus pustulatus Deeleman­Reinhold, 1995 Figures 255–258

Trichocyclus pustulatus Deeleman­Reinhold, 1995: 36–37 , figs. 9–15.

TYPES: Male holotype and female paratype from Mareeba (17°00̍S, 145°25̍E), Queensland, Australia ; July–Aug. 1992 (J. Wunderlich), in QMB ( S51023 –4), examined ; and one additional female paratype from Chillagoe (17°09̍S, 144°32̍E), Queensland, Aug. 1992 (J. Wunderlich), under stone, in QMB ( S51025 ), examined .

DIAGNOSIS: Similar to T. oborindi and T. aranda , distinguished by the apophyses on the male chelicerae (distal pair shorter, proximal pair more distal; fig. 255), and by the slightly different male cymbium and procursus (fig. 256).

MALE (holotype): Total length ~2.7 (opisthosoma deformed), carapace width 1.48. Leg 1: 7.9 + 0.6 + 8.0, metatarsus and tarsus missing, tibia 2: 5.7, tibia 3: 3.5, tibia 4 missing; tibia 1 l/d: 57. Habitus and prosoma shape similar to T. nullarbor (cf. figs. 186– 189); carapace pale ochre with darker spot behind ocular area and black line in thoracic furrow, with three pairs of light brown lateral spots. Ocular area pale ochre with darker median line; distance PME­PME 0.175; diameter PME 0.120; distance PME­ALE 0.055; diameter AME 0.135. Clypeus pale ochre with brown mark; sternum light brown with many yellowish speckles. Chelicerae brown with black, frontal apophyses, and stridulatory ridges (fig. 255). Palps as in fig. 256, with small but distinct ventrodistal hump on femur (smaller than in T. harveyi , cf. fig. 277); procursus as in fig. 257. Legs light ochre­yellow, with dark rings on femora (subdistally), patellae + tibiae proximally, and tibiae subdistally; tips of femora and tibiae whitish; legs apparently without spines, without curved and vertical hairs (most hairs missing); retrolateral trichobothrium of tibia 1 at 15%. Opisthosoma deformed, but apparently similar to T. nullarbor (cf. fig. 186; see also original illustrations by Deeleman­ Reinhold, 1995), ochre­gray, with blackish and white spots dorsally.

FEMALE: Very similar to male; epigynum as in fig. 258. Opisthosoma dorsofrontally without humps. Tibia 1 in two females: 4.7, 6.8.

DISTRIBUTION: Known from several localities in northern Queensland (map 12).

MATERIAL EXAMINED: AUSTRALIA: Queensland: Mareeba: Male holotype and female paratype above ; Chillagoe : female paratype above ; Chillagoe , Apr. 25, 1978 (R. Raven, V. E. Davies), 1♀ ( QMB S50271 ), assigned tentatively ; Wolfram (17°05̍S, 144°57̍E), Feb. 13, 1972 (N. Clyde Coleman), 1♀ ( QMB S50275 ), assigned tentatively ; Almaden (17°21̍S, 144°41̍E), Mar. 1929 (W. D. Campbell), 1♀ ( AMS KS65699 ), assigned tentatively ; Mt. Garnet (17°41̍S, 145°07̍E), Feb. 24, 1972 (N. Clyde Coleman), 1♀ ( QMB S50133 ), assigned tentatively .

Figures

Figs. 204–206. Trichocyclus arabana, male. 204. Habitus. 205, 206. Left palp, prolateral (205) and retrolateral (206) views; ‘‘a’’, ‘‘p’’ = apophysis and pocket. Scale lines: 1 mm (204), 0.5 mm (205, 206).

Figs. 230–236. Trichocyclus aranda (230–234), T. djauan (235, 236). 230. Male chelicerae, frontal view. 231. Left male palp, retrolateral view. 232. Left procursus, retrolaterodorsal view; ‘‘a’’, ‘‘p’’ = apophysis and pocket; arrows ‘‘1–3’’: variable structures (see text). 233, 234. Epigynum, ventral (233) and dorsal (234) views. 235, 236. Left procursus and genital bulb, retrolateral view (235), and left genital bulb, dorsal view (236); ‘‘x’’ and ‘‘y’’ = diagnostic distal bulbal structures; unshafted arrow: diagnostic proximal bulbal apophysis. Scale lines: 0.5 mm (231, 233, 234), 0.3 mm (230, 232, 235, 236).

Figs. 237–241. Trichocyclus gnalooma. 237. Male chelicerae, frontal view. 238. Left male palp, retrolateral view. 239. Left cymbium and procursus, retrolaterodorsal view. 240, 241. Epigynum, ventral (240) and dorsal (241) views. Scale lines: 0.3 mm.

Figs. 242, 243. Trichocyclus kurara, male. 242. Chelicerae, frontal view. 243. Left procursus and genital bulb, retrolateral view. Scale line: 0.3 mm.

Figs. 244–250. Trichocyclus septentrionalis. 244. Male prosoma, dorsal view. 245, 246. Male chelicerae, frontal and lateral views. 247. Left male palp, retrolateral view. 248. Left cymbium and procursus, retrolaterodorsal view; asterisk: weak zone on cymbium. 249, 250. Epigynum, ventral (249) and dorsal (250) views. Scale lines: 0.5 mm.

Figs. 251–254. Trichocyclus grayi (251, 252), and T. oborindi (253, 254), males. 251, 253. Chelicerae, frontal views. 252, 254. Left procursi and genital bulbs, retrolateral views. Arrows: transparent bulbal processes. Scale lines: 0.3 mm.

Figs. 255–258. Trichocyclus pustulatus. 255. Male chelicerae, frontal view. 256. Left male palp, retrolateral view. 257. Left cymbium and procursus, retrolaterodorsal view. 258. Epigynum, ventral view. Scale lines: 0.5 mm (256, 258), 0.3 mm (255, 257).