Duguetia staudtii (Engl. & Diels) Chatrou, Changing Genera: 70, 1998

Couvreur, Thomas L. P., Dagallier, Leo-Paul M. J., Crozier, Francoise, Ghogue, Jean-Paul, Hoekstra, Paul H., Kamdem, Narcisse G., Johnson, David M., Murray, Nancy A. & Sonke, Bonaventure, 2022, Flora of Cameroon - Annonaceae Vol 45, PhytoKeys 207, pp. 1-532 : 108-109

Duguetia staudtii (Engl. & Diels) Chatrou, Changing Genera: 70, 1998

Fig. 26 ; Map 4B

≡ Uvaria staudtii Engl. & Diels, Notizbl. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 2: 292, 1899; Pachypodanthium staudtii Engl. & Diels, Notizbl. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 3: 55, 1900.

Type.

Cameroon. South Region; near Lolodorf, Staudt A. 133, 1896: holotype: B[B 10 0154084]; isotypes: BM[BM000843984]; K[K000198873, K000198874]; P[P00315814, P00315816]; S[S02-94] .

Description.

Tree, 15-50 m tall, d.b.h. 20-70 cm; stilt roots or buttresses absent. Indumentum of stellate or fasciculate hairs; old leafless branches sparsely pubescent to glabrous, young foliate branches sparsely pubescent to densely pubescent. Leaves: petiole 2-10 mm long, 2-4 mm in diameter, densely pubescent to sparsely pubescent, grooved, blade inserted on the side of the petiole; blade 13-34 cm long, 3-8 cm wide, narrowly obovate, narrowly oblong to narrowly elliptic, apex acuminate to acute, acumen 0.5-1 cm long, base cordate (more rarely acute), coriaceous, below sparsely pubescent when young, pubescent when old, above glabrous when young and old, concolorous; midrib sunken or flat, above glabrous when young and old, below sparsely pubescent when young and old; secondary veins 10 to 22 pairs, weakly distinct, glabrous below; tertiary venation reticulate. Individuals bisexual; inflorescences ramiflorous on old leafless or young foliate branches, leaf opposed or extra axillary, not forming a peduncle. Flowers with 9 perianth parts in 3 whorls, 2 to 4 per inflorescence; pedicel 6-12 mm long, 2-3 mm in diameter, sparsely pubescent to densely pubescent; in fruit 2-30 mm long, 2-6 mm in diameter, sparsely pubescent to densely pubescent; bracts 2, one basal and one towards the upper half of pedicel, basal bracts 9-12 mm long, 5-7 mm wide; sepals 3, valvate, free, 9-15 mm long, 7-10 mm wide, ovate, apex acute, base truncate, green, densely pubescent outside, glabrescent inside, margins flat; petals free, outer petals longer than inner to sub equal; outer petals 3, 7-30 mm long, 4-10 mm wide, oblong-elliptic to oblong-obovate, apex acute, base truncate, cream to white, margins flat, sparsely pubescent outside, glabrous inside; inner petals 3, imbricate, 4-20 mm long, 4-6 mm wide, elliptic to obovate, apex acute to obtuse, base truncate, cream, margins flat, pubescent outside, glabrous inside; stamens 120 to 150, in 5 to 6 rows, 1-2 mm long, broad; connective discoid, glabrous, red; staminodes absent; carpels free, 50 to 100, ovary 1-1.5 mm long, stigma globose, glabrous. Fruit pseudosyncarpous, 20-55 mm in diameter, globose to depressed ovoid; carpels sessile, basally fused, 50 to 100 monocarps, 20-55 mm long, 2-10 mm in diameter, globose to ovoid, apex acute, densely pubescent, longitudinally ribbed with 5 to 6 main ribs, red when ripe; seed 1 per monocarp, 7-13 mm long, 6-8 mm in diameter, ellipsoid; aril present, pale yellow.

Distribution.

A widespread species with a disjunct distribution in West (Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast and Nigeria) and in Central Africa from Cameroon to Democratic Republic of the Congo; in Cameroon known from East, South, Central, Littoral and South-West regions.

Habitat.

A common species; in lowland or premontane primary and secondary non-inundated rain forests. Altitude 100-900 m a.s.l.

Local and common names known in Cameroon.

ntom (dial. Bagali); nto ntomba (dial. Bagielli) ( Letouzey 1964).

IUCN conservation status.

Least Concern (LC) ( Cosiaux et al. 2019k).

Uses in Cameroon.

medicine: bark used for pain-killers, pulmonary troubles, vermifuges, dropsy, swellings, oede gout, tumours, cancers; constructions: building materials; dyes and tannins: tannins, astringents, insecticides, arachnicides, arrow-poisons, aromatic substances, alkaloids.

Notes.

Duguetia staudtii is distinguished by its narrowly obovate, narrowly oblong to narrowly elliptic leaves, the midrib that is grooved above and monocarps that are only basally fused.

Specimens examined.

Central Region: Yaoundé, 3.86°N, 11.51°E, 01 January 1935, Foury P. 69 (P,WAG). East Region : 17 km along road to Deng Deng, 4.58°N, 13.68°E, 01 September 1961, Breteler F.J. 1841 (WAG); Près Kinsassa 65 km au NNE de Moloundou sur route Yokadouma 2.63°N, 15.37°E, 04 March 1971, Letouzey R. 10509 (P,YA); Colline à l’ENE de Mbalam (140 km ESE de Djoum près Souanké-Congo), 2.22°N, 13.82°E, 20 January 1973, Letouzey R. 11867 (P,YA). Littoral Region : Douala-Edea Reserve Tissongo study area Transect B, 3.57°N, 9.869°E, 01 June 1976, Waterman P.G. 879 (U). South Region : Bitye, 3.87°N, 11.52°E, 01 January 1919, Bates G.L. 1199 (BM,MO); 17 km east from Lele village , 2.28°N, 13.32°E, 07 September 2013, Couvreur T.L.P. 460 (WAG,YA); 25 km east from Lele village at end of path on Ivindo river , 2.25°N, 13.28°E, 09 September 2013, Couvreur T.L.P. 489 (WAG,YA); Sud TDC, 2.65°N, 9.9°E, 06 November 1991, Hallé F. 4220 (WAG); Ncolbew 3.28°N, 11.2°E, 26 April 1928, Hédin L. 1646 (P); Colline Ebon près Nkobiyo 25 km ENE d’Ambam, 2.45°N, 11.5°E, 21 March 1970, Letouzey R. 10181 (P,YA); Mvini 35 km east of Campo , 2.37°N, 10.09°E, 20 December 1983, Mikio K. 5 (P,YA); ca 7 km NE of Ebom, 3.11°N, 10.75°E, 01 August 1996, Parren M.P.E. 157 (KRIBI,WAG); ca 7 km NE of Ebom, 3.11°N, 10.75°E, 01 August 1996, Parren M.P.E. 212 (KRIBI,WAG); Lolodorf, 3.23°N, 10.73°E, 1896, Staudt A. 133 (P); Lolodorf, 3.23°N, 10.73°E, March 1895, Staudt A. 138 (B); Campo-Ma’an area 2.4°N, 10.1°E, 02 April 2001, van Andel T.R. 3290 (KRIBI,U,WAG,YA). South-West Region: Bayang Mbo Wildlife Sanctuary after Mbu river, 5.35°N, 9.501°E, 26 March 2016, Couvreur T.L.P. 1014 (WAG,YA); Near Mamfe, 5.75°N, 9.31°E, 19 April 1978, Thomas D.W. 384 (K) .

Figures

Map 4. A Duguetia dilabens B Duguetia staudtii C Greenwayodendron glabrum D Greenwayodendron suaveolens E Hexalobus bussei F Hexalobus crispiflorus G Hexalobus monopetalus H Hexalobus salicifolius I Isolona campanulata. White borders represent region limits in Cameroon; green patches represent protected areas (see methods and Suppl. material 1: Fig. S 1).

Figure 26. Duguetia staudtii A flowering branch B detail of stellate pubescence on lower side of leaf blade C flower bud, side view D carpel, side view E syncarpous fruit, referred to as a pseudosyncarpous fruit F longitudinal section of fruit. Duguetia confinis G flowering branch H detail of pubescent on lower side of blade, note that it is completely covering the lower surface I flower bud, side view J detail of flower, sepals removed K outer petal, inner view L inner petals, inner view M stamen, side and front views N carpel, side and front views O longitudinal section of fruit, note completely fused monocarps P seed A-D from Letouzey 4438 E, F from Chevalier 16224 G, H from Le Testu 1774 I-N, P from Klaine 217 O from Lecompte s. n. Drawings by Helene Lamourdedieu, Publications Scientifiques du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris; modified from Le Thomas (1969 b, pl. 18, p. 105).