Enicospilus laqueatus (Enderlein, 1921)

Shimizu, So, 2020, The Nepalese species of the genus Enicospilus Stephens, 1835 (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ophioninae): a preliminary revision and identification key to species, Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 67 (1), pp. 69-126 : 69

Enicospilus laqueatus (Enderlein, 1921) Fig. 15

Henicospilus laqueatus Enderlein 1921: 26; holotype ♂, Taiwan, IZPAN.

Enicospilus leetoni Chiu 1954: 38; holotype ♀, Taiwan, TARI, examined; synonymised by Gauld and Mitchell (1981: 396).

Material examined.

29♀♀ 7♂♂ and 2 unsexed: Nepal (3♀♀ 4♂♂), India (2♀♀ 1♂), Taiwan (23♀♀ 2♂♂ and 2 unsexed), Zambia (1♀) .

Type series: holotype of Enicospilus leetoni Chiu , 1954, ♀, Taihoku, Taiwan, 1.IX.1925, J. Sonan leg. ( TARI) .

Non-type series: 1♂, Gokarna (1,450 m), Nepal, VI.1983, M.G. Allen leg. (Fig. 15 ) ; 1♀, Kathmandu (1,350 m), Nepal, VII.1983, M.G. Allen leg. (LT) ; 1♂, Kathmandu, Nepal, M.G. Allen leg. ; 2♀♀, Kakani (2,070 m), Nepal, VII.1983, M.G. Allen leg. (LT) ; 1♂, Kakani (2,000 m), Nepal, VIII.1982, M.G. Allen leg. (LT) ; 1♂, Phulchoki (2,500 m), Nepal, IX.1982, M.G. Allen leg. (LT) ; 2♀♀, Delhi, India, 14.XI.1967 (1♀), 5.III.1968 (1♀) ; 1♂, U.P. Garjia , India, 22.IV.1967, Gupta leg. (all NHMUK) ; 1♀ 1♂ and 1unsexed, Taitung, Taiwan, 31.V-6.VI (1♀), 7-13.VI (1♂), 1-14.XI (1 unsexed).1971 (MsT) ; 21♀♀ 1♂ and 1 unsexed, Kuanhsi , Taiwan, 16.VIII (1♂), 19.VIII (1 unsexed), 29.VIII (2♀♀), IX (13♀♀), 10.X (3♀♀), 24-30.XII (1♀).1968, 11-17.III.1969 (1♀), 30.VIII.1970 (1♀) (MsT) (all TARI) ; 1♀, 15 km E Lusaka, Zambia, 22-31.I.1980, R.A. Beaver leg. ( NHMUK) .

Distribution.

Afrotropical and Oriental regions ( Yu et al. 2016). Gauld and Mitchell (1981) recorded this species from Nepal.

Diagnosis.

Head (Fig. 15B-D ): GOI = 2.9-3.1; lower face 0.7-0.8 × as wide as high; clypeus moderately convex in profile, its lower margin acute; mandible weakly twisted by 10-25°, moderately long, evenly tapered, its outer surface with a diagonal setose groove between its dorsoproximal corner and base of mandibular apical teeth; upper mandibular tooth 1.3-1.4 × as long as lower one; posterior ocellus almost touching eye; antenna with 56-62 flagellomeres and 20th flagellomere 2.0-3.0 × as long as wide.

Mesosoma (Fig. 15E ): mesopleuron punctate to longitudinally punctostriate; scutellum with lateral longitudinal carinae reaching posterior end and convergent posteriorly; metapleuron punctostriate; propodeum weakly declivous in profile, its posterior area moderately reticulate, outer margin of propodeal spiracle joining pleural carina by a ridge.

Wings (Fig. 15F ): fore wing with AI = 0.4-0.6, CI = 0.4, ICI = 0.4-0.6, SDI = 1.2-1.4; fore wing vein 1m-cu&M almost evenly curved or very slightly sinuous, 2r&RS almost straight; fenestra and sclerites of discosubmarginal cell of fore wing as in Figure 15F ; fenestra of fore wing not very long and its anterodistal corner distinctly separated from proximal end of vein RS; proximal sclerite triangular, separated from distal one, strongly pigmented; central sclerite strongly pigmented, sclerotised, well-delineated D-shaped to semi-circular, positioned in almost mediodistal part of fenestra; distal sclerite absent proximally and more or less strong distally; proximal corner of marginal cell of fore wing uniformly setose; vein 1cu-a antefurcal to M&RS by 0.1-0.3 × 1cu-a length.

Colour (Fig. 15 ): body including interocellar area entirely testaceous; wings hyaline.

Differential diagnosis.

Enicospilus laqueatus , E. pseudoantennatus , E. vestigator , and E. tripartitus share similar fenestra, sclerites, and fore wing venation (e.g. Figs 15F , 21F , 26F ). However, E. laqueatus can be readily separated from E. pseudoantennatus , E. vestigator , and E. tripartitus by a diagonal setose deep groove of the outer surface of the mandible between its dorsoproximal corner and base of mandibular apical teeth (outer mandibular surface without a distinct diagonal setose deep groove in E. pseudoantennatus , E. vestigator , and E. tripartitus , as in e.g. Figure 2C ).

Figures

Figure 2. Diagnostic characters for some species of Nepalese Enicospilus. A-D. Outer surface of mandible: A. E. nepalensis Shimizu sp. nov., B. E. tangi Shimizu sp. nov., C. E. tripartitus, D. E. yonezawanus; E-H. Scutellum, in dorsal view: E. E. formosensis, F. E. kakanicus Shimizu sp. nov., G. E. phulchokiensis Shimizu sp. nov., H. E. tangi Shimizu sp. nov.; I, J. Hind tarsal claw: I. E. biharensis, J. E. nikami Shimizu sp. nov.

Figure 15. Enicospilus laqueatus (Enderlein, 1921), ♂. A. Habitus; B. Head, frontal view; C. Head, lateral view; D. Head, dorsal view; E. Mesosoma, lateral view; F. Central part of fore wing.

Figure 21. Enicospilus pseudantennatus Gauld, 1977, ♀. A. Habitus; B. Head, frontal view; C. Head, lateral view; D. Head, dorsal view; E. Mesosoma, lateral view; F. Central part of fore wing.

Figure 26. Enicospilus tripartitus Chiu, 1954, ♀. A. Habitus; B. Head, frontal view; C. Head, lateral view; D. Head, dorsal view; E. Mesosoma, lateral view; F. Central part of fore wing.