Cambeva podostemophila Costa, Feltrin & Katz, 2023

Costa, Wilson J. E. M., Feltrin, Caio R. M., Mattos, José Leonardo O., Amorim, Pedro F. & Katz, Axel M., 2023, Phylogenetic relationships of new taxa support repeated pelvic fin loss in mountain catfishes from southern Brazil (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae), Zoologischer Anzeiger 305, pp. 82-90 : 84-86

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.jcz.2023.06.003
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/624D3E09-FF95-FF9A-FF99-F9CF8AE641D6
treatment provided by	Felipe
scientific name	Cambeva podostemophila Costa, Feltrin & Katz
status	sp. nov.

Treatment

3.2. Cambeva podostemophila Costa, Feltrin & Katz sp. nov

( Figs. 2 View Fig , 3A View Fig and 4A – C View Fig ). Urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:lsid:zoobank.org:act:82FEEADC-4197-

4BD8-86B3-5375CEBF4AFB.

3.2.1. Material examined

3.2.1.1. Holotype. UFRJ 7026, 75.6 mm SL; Brazil: Rio Grande do Sul State: Lagoa Vermelha Municipality: Rio Passinho Fundo , tributary of Rio Forquilha , Rio Uruguai basin, near the road BR-285, between Lagoa Vermelha and Caseiros, 28 ◦ 12′40″S 51 ◦ 33′42″W, altitude about 710 m asl; C. R. M. Feltrin and A. Bianco, 1 August 2021. GoogleMaps

3.2.1.2. Paratypes. UFRJ 7027, 3 ex., 67.5–74.8 mm SL; UFRJ 7028, 3 ex (C&S), 53.3–72.9 mm SL; CICCAA 02767, 2 ex., 55.4–72.8 mm SL;

same locality as holotype; C. R. M. Feltrin, P. Brignoli and H. Daleffe, 5 November 2021 GoogleMaps . UFRJ 13325.1–2, 2 ex (DNA), 56.9–71.6 mm SL; same locality; C. R. M. Feltrin, 25 November 2022 GoogleMaps .

3.2.2. Diagnosis

3.2.3. Description

3.2.3.1. General morphology. Morphometric data appear in Table 1. Body moderately slender, subcylindrical in anterior region, compressed in posterior region. Greatest body depth in area midway distance between posterior limit of head and anal-fin origin. Dorsal and ventral profile of trunk slightly convex between head and dorsal-fin origin, about straight along caudal peduncle. Dorsal profile of head nearly straight, ventral profile slightly convex. Anus and urogenital papilla at vertical through dorsal-fin origin. Head sub-trapezoidal in dorsal view. Anterior profile of snout slightly convex in dorsal view. Eye small, dorsally positioned on head, in its anterior half. Anterior nostril slightly nearer posterior nostril than orbit. Barbels short; nasal barbel reaching orbit or area just posterior to it; maxillary and rictal barbels reaching area just anterior to interopercular patch of odontodes. Minute skin papillae on head surface. Mouth subterminal. Jaw teeth incisiform, arranged in three series. Premaxillary outer row with 11 teeth, middle row with 13 teeth, and inner row with 15 teeth. Dentary outer row with 13–17 teeth, middle row with 11 teeth, and inner row with 16–18 teeth.

Dorsal and anal fins subtriangular, distal margin slightly convex. Total dorsal-fin rays 11 (ii + II + 7), total anal-fin rays 9 (ii + II + 5). Anal-fin origin at vertical through anterior portion of dorsal-fin base. Dorsal-fin origin at vertical through centrum of 20th vertebra; anal-fin origin at vertical through centrum of 23rd vertebra. Pectoral fin subtriangular in dorsal view, posterior margin convex, first pectoral-fin ray slightly shorter than second ray, not forming terminal filament. Total pectoral-fin rays 6 (I +5). Pelvic fin and pelvic girdle absent. Caudal fin subtruncate, posterior corners rounded. Total principal caudal-fin rays 13 (I + 11 + I), total dorsal procurrent rays 13 or 14 (xii-xii +I), total ventral procurrent rays 10 or 11 (ix–x +I).

3.2.3.2. Laterosensory system ( Fig. 3A View Fig ). Supraorbital sensory canal continuous, posteriorly connected to posterior section of infraorbital canal, with three pores: s1, adjacent to medial margin of anterior nostril; s3, adjacent and just posterior to medial margin of posterior nostril; s6, in transverse line through posterior half of orbit. Pore s6 slightly nearer orbit than its paired homologous pore. Anterior infraorbital sensory canal absent. Posterior infraorbital sensory canal with two pores: pore i10, adjacent to ventral margin of orbit, and pore i11, posterior to orbit. Postorbital canal with two pores: po1, at vertical through posterior portion of interopercular patch of odontodes, and po2, at vertical through posterior portion of opercular patch of odontodes. Lateral line with two pores situated above and slightly posterior to pectoral-fin base.

3.2.3.3. Osteology ( Fig. 4A–C View Fig ). Mesethmoid robust, broader anteriorly, anterior margin about straight, mesethmoid cornu extremity pointed. Lateral ethmoid with small lateral projection, just posterior to articular facet for autopalatine. Antorbital thin, elliptical, sesamoid supraorbital broad and short, about so long as antorbital to about twice longer. Premaxilla long, laterally narrowing, slightly curved. Maxilla shorter than premaxilla, slender, without posterior process, slightly curved. Autopalatine sub-rectangular in dorsal view, medial margin sinuous, lateral margin about straight; postero-lateral process indistinct. Distinctive flap on posterior portion of autopalatine, posteriorly overlapping articulation between autopalatine and lateral ethmoid. Metapterygoid large, sub-rectangular, deeper than long. Quadrate with deep anterior constriction at dorsal process base. Hyomandibula relatively short, anterior outgrowth horizontal length about equal largest horizontal metapterygoid length; middle portion of dorsal margin of hyomandibula outgrowth with pronounced concavity. Opercle elongate, longer than interopercle, opercular odontode patch depth about two thirds of hyomandibula articular facet length. Opercular odontodes 12; odontodes pointed, about straight, transversely arranged. Dorsal process of opercle short, triangular. Opercular articular facet for hyomandibula with prominent rounded flap, articular facet for preopercle minute. Interopercle short, interopercular odontode patch length about one time and half opercular odontode patch depth. Interopercular odontodes 20–24; odontodes pointed, arranged in irregular longitudinal rows. Preopercle slender, with minute ventral projection. Parurohyal robust, lateral process, slender, subtriangular, slightly curved posteriorly; parurohyal head with prominent anterolateral paired process; middle foramen minute; posterior process short, about one third of distance between anterior margin of parurohyal and anterior insertion of posterior process. Branchiostegal rays 10. Vertebrae 37. Ribs 13. Single dorsal hypural plate corresponding to hypurals 3 + 4 + 5; single ventral hypural plate corresponding to hypurals 1 + 2 + parhypural.

3.2.3.4. Colouration in alcohol. Flank, dorsum and head side dark brown, with small irregularly shaped light yellowish grey marks. Venter and ventral surface of head yellowish white. Fins hyaline with dark brown dots. Barbels brown.

3.2.4. Distribution and habitat Cambeva podostemophila was found in a single locality, Rio Passinho

Fundo, upper Rio Uruguai basin, about 710 m asl ( Fig. 5 View Fig ). The fluvial channel at the type locality was about 8 m wide, with lotic, semi-lotic and lentic sites, with an average depth of about 30 cm, and deeper locations reaching about 1 m ( Fig. 6A View Fig ). All specimens of C. podostemophila , except two, were collected into the dense mats of the podostemacean Podostemum rutifolium Warm , which were fixed on the rock substrate of shallow areas, about 15 cm deep, with moderate to high water flow ( Fig. 6B and C View Fig ); two specimens were found among medium-grained pebbles (approximately 25 cm of diameter) close to podostemacean mats. Podostemacean colonies were not fully disposed in the fluvial trough but located in specific places where the bottom was composed of basaltic slabs. The three cleared and stained paratypes had the gut full of Chironomidae larvae ( Diptera ).

3.2.5. Etymology

The word podostemophila is derived from the contraction of Podostemon , a podostemacean genus, plus the Greek suffix phila, used to express attraction for something, an allusion to the new species being found associated to a podostemacean species.