Orchelimum fraternum Rehn and Hebard, 1915

Piotr Naskrecki, 2000, Katydids of Costa Rica / Vol. 1, Systematics and bioacoustics of the cone-head katydids (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Conocephalinae sensu lato)., Philadelphia, PA: The Orthopterists Society at the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, : 24-26

Orchelimum fraternum Rehn and Hebard, 1915

Figs. 3 A-F, 41A-C, 51E-F, Map 3

1915a Rehn & Hebard, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. 41: 22, 79 >> O. (Metarhoptrum); type locality: Mexico: Jalisco, Guadalajara; type depository: Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, PA, USA >> holotype male

1932 Hebard, Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc. 58: 334

Diagnostic description.— General characteristics as described above; mesopterous, with tegmina surpassing apex of abdomen but not reaching apices of hind femora ( Fig. 3 A). Stridulatory file of male 1.62 mm long, with 68 primary teeth (see Fig. 41 A-B), maximum width of file 72.9 μm; teeth of file thick, peg-like, more densely arranged at ends of file than in its middle portion. Left (upper) mirror of stridulatory apparatus as in Fig. 3 C, about as long as eye diameter. Fastigium of 1.2 times wider than scapus. Ventral edges of hind femur unarmed. Male cercus as in Fig. 41 C; ovipositor distinctly shorter than hind femur (ratio ovipositor/hind femur 0.6-0.7), weakly upcurved ( Fig. 3 F).

Coloration.— Coloration light green; dorsum of head and pronotum with wide, dark band border with thin, yellow stripes ( Fig. 3 C). Abdomen yellow dorsally, male cerci dark yellow, with reddish tips.

Measurements (mm).— Measurements (4 males, 5 females). — body with wings: male 22.6-24.4, female 23- 23.1; pronotum: male 4.9-5.1, female 5-5.4; tegmen: male 16.5-17.3, female 15-16; hind femur: male 18.7-19, female 18.7-18.7; ovipositor: female 11.1-12.4.

Bioacoustics.— The call of O. fraternum consists of regular series of short buzzes, each lasting 0.49- 0.77 s (at 28°C) and separated by 0.6- 0.77 s of silence ( Fig. 51 E-F). Each buzz has two pulse train groups. The first group consists of 6-7 pulse trains produced at a slow rate (24.5-28.5/s), with trains separated by 7-14 ms (avrg. 11.26±2.4, n=19) of silence. The second, faster (47-48.2/s) and longer group consists of 11-25 train groups separated by only 1-3 ms (avrg. 1.8±0.5, n=18) of silence. Individual train groups are of similar length in both the slow and fast pulse train groups, and last 19-26 ms (avrg. 21±2.3, n=17). The call is low Q, with most energy apparently allocated between 9 and 16 kHz.

Material examined.— COSTA RICA: Guanacaste Prov., Area de Conservacion Guanacaste, Santa Rosa National Park, 21 - 24 August 1999 (coll. P. Naskrecki, D. Otte, G. Morris) - 4 males, 5 females (GKM, PN collection); Mexico: Jalisco, Guadalajara, (coll. Crawford) - 1 male (holotype) (Philadelphia).

Figures

FIG. 3. Orchelimum fraternum. A. male - habitus, B. male face, C. male head and pronotum, dorsal view, D. male subgenital plate, ventral view, E. titillators, F. ovipositor.

FIG. 41. Stridulatory file and cercus of Orchelimum fraternum. A. stridulatory file, B. proximal end of the stridulatory file, C. male left cercus, dorsal view.

FIG. 51. Stridulatory files of Costa Rican species of Conocephalinae s. l. A. Subria sylvestris, C. Podacanthophorus maylinae, C. Podacanthophorus alas, D. Podacanthophorus vargasi, E. Pluviasilva levis, F. Pluviasilva mexicana.

MAPS 1 - 6. Distribution of species of Conocephalinae s. l. in Costa Rica. 1. Conocephalus angustifrons, C. cinereus, 2. Conocephalus saltator, C. ictus, 3. Conocephalus magdalenae, Orchelimum fraternum, Lipotactomimus rowelli, 4. Lirometopum coronatum, Acantheremus colwelli, 5. Copiphora rhinoceros, C. cochleata, C. brevicauda costaricensis, 6. Copiphora hastata, C. cultricornis, C. ottei.