Sphaeroderma flavonotatum Chujo , 1937

Lee, Chi-Feng, 2023, Four new species of Sphaeroderma Stephens (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Galerucinae, Alticini) from Taiwan, with discussion on genus boundaries based on S. flavonotatum Chujo and S. jungchani sp. nov., ZooKeys 1185, pp. 1-19 : 1

Sphaeroderma flavonotatum Chujo, 1937

Figs 8A-F , 9 , 10

Sphaeroderma flavonotata Chûjô, 1937: 40; Kimoto 1966: 35 (Hoozan = Fenghuangshan, 鳳凰山); Kimoto 1970: 295 (Fenchihu 奮起湖).

Types.

Lectotype ♂ (TARI), here designated for clarifying its species identity which was confused with S. jungchani sp. nov., labeled: "Arisan (= Alishan, 阿里山) / 1912.X.10 [h] / Col. I. Nitobe [p, w] // Co / Type (p, circle label with yellow letters and border) // Sphaeroderma / Sphaeroderma flavonotata / Chûjô [h] / DET. M. CHUJO [p, w] // 1020 [p, w]". Paralectotypes. 1♂, 3♀ (TARI), same data as holotype, but with "2683 (♂), 1388 (♀), 1917 (♀), 2684 (♀)"; 1♂: "Mt. Arisan / FORMOSA / 25.X.1933 [h] / COL. M CHUJO [p, w] // Co / Type (p, circle label with yellow letters and border) // Sphaeroderma / Sphaeroderma flavonotata / Chûjô [h] / DET. M. CHUJO [p, w] // 698 [p, w]".

Other material.

Taiwan. Hsinchu: 2♂, 1♀ (TARI), Kuanhsi (關西), 2.IX.2011, leg. H. Lee ; 2♂, 1♀ (TARI), Wuchihshan (五指山), 27.III.2008, leg. H. Lee ; Nantou: 1♂ (BMNH), Tungpu (東埔), 5-8.X.1981, leg. T. Lin & W. S. Tang ; 2♀ (BMNH), same but with “18-23.XI.1981” ; 1♂ (BMNH)), same locality, 18-23.VII.1982, leg. L. Y. Chou & T. Lin ; Pingtung: 1♂ (TARI), Tahanshan (大漢山), 7.II.2008, leg. M.-H. Tsou ; 1♀ (TARI), same but with "leg. S.-F. Yu " ; 1♀ (TARI), same locality, 3.III.2008, leg. C.-F. Lee ; Taichung: 1♂, 1♀ (TARI), Wushihkeng (烏石坑), 19.III.2008, leg. C.-F. Lee ; Taipei: 1♀ (TARI), Fushan (福山), 15.III.2007, leg. H.-J. Chen.

Redescription.

Length 3.1-3.5 mm, width 2.2-2.5 mm. Body color (Fig. 8A-F ) reddish-brown; antennae blackish-brown except three basal antennomeres reddish-brown; elytron with one large white, round spot, margined by black, black area variable in extent; legs sometimes darker. Antennae filiform in males (Fig. 9A ), apex of antennomere III angular, much smaller than IV, length ratios of antennomeres I-XI 1.0:0.5:0.4:0.6:0.7:0.7:0.8:0.8:0.8:0.8:1.1, length to width ratios of antennomeres I-XI 3.1:2.0:1.8:2.3:2.3:2.2:2.6:2.5:2.6:2.6:4.3; similar shape in females (Fig. 9B ), length ratios of antennomeres I-XI 1.0:0.5:0.3:0.6:0.6:0.6:0.7:0.7:0.7:0.7:1.0, length to width ratios of antennomeres I-XI 2.8:2.1:1.7:2.3:2.4:2.2:2.3:2.4:2.5:2.4:4.1. Antennal calli transverse, with supracallinal sulci well developed. Pronotum 1.6-1.7 × wider than long, disc with coarse, scattered punctures, mixed with fine punctures; lateral margins slightly rounded; anterolateral callosity protruding forward; posterolateral callosity poorly developed. Elytra as long as wide, sides widely rounded; disc with punctures arranged into longitudinal striae but mixed with additional punctures; humeral calli well developed. Middle tibiae curved in males (Fig. 8A, B ), and much longer than other tibiae. Abdominal ventrite V with median internal ridge in males. Male genitalia: aedeagus (Fig. 9C, D ) wide in dorsal view, 3.6 × longer than wide; parallel-sided, apex narrowly rounded, strongly widened at apical 1/6; slightly curved at middle in lateral view, extremely wide; ostium membranous and with short median longitudinal sclerite, and with one rounded sclerite connected with apex; internal sac with one pair of rounded and laterally flattened sclerites. Female genitalia: ventrite VIII (Fig. 9E ) membranous, only apical margin sclerotized, with one pair of setae near middle, spiculum long; gonocoxae (Fig. 9G ) separated, oblong, with dense, long setae along apical margins; receptacle of spermatheca (Fig. 9F ) moderately swollen; pump long and strongly curved, transverse wrinkles present on entire pump and extending onto half of receptacle; sclerotized proximal spermathecal duct long, with ramus rounded.

Diagnosis.

Adults of S. flavonotatum Chûjô and S. jungchani sp. nov. are easily separated by the color surrounding the single pair of large white spots on the elytra: black margins on reddish-brown elytra in S. flavonotatum ; reddish-brown surrounding spots in S. jungchani sp. nov. Middle tibiae are sexually dimorphic, enlarged in males of S. flavonotatum (middle tibiae not modified in males of S. jungchani sp. nov.). The aedeagus is broader in S. flavonotatum , 3.6 × longer than wide, and thick in lateral view (Fig. 9C, D ) [narrow aedeagus, 5.2 × longer than wide, and thin in lateral view in S. jungchani sp. nov. (Fig. 7C, D )].

Host plants.

Clematis tashiroi var. tashiroi Maxim. ( Ranunculaceae ) ( Lee and Cheng 2010).

Distribution.

Widespread in Taiwan (Fig. 10 ).

Figures

Figure 7. Diagnostic characters of Sphaeroderma sheipaensis sp. nov. and S. jungchani Lee, sp. nov. A antenna, male, S. jungchani sp. nov. B antenna, female, Sphaeroderma sheipaensis sp. nov. C aedeagus, dorsal view, S. jungchani sp. nov. D ditto, lateral view E abdominal ventrite VIII, female, S. sheipaensis sp. nov. F spermatheca, S. sheipaensis sp. nov. G gonocoxae, S. sheipaensis sp. nov.

Figure 8. Habitus of Sphaeroderma flavonotata Chujo and S. jungchani sp. nov. A S. flavonotata Chujo, male, dorsal view B ditto, ventral view C ditto, lateral view D S. flavonotata Chujo, female, dorsal view E ditto, ventral view F ditto, lateral view G S. jungchani sp. nov., male, dorsal view H ditto, ventral view I ditto, lateral view.

Figure 9. Diagnostic characters of Sphaeroderma flavonotata Chujo A antenna, male B antenna, female C aedeagus, dorsal view D aedeagus, lateral view E abdominal ventrite VIII, female F spermatheca G gonocoxae.

Figure 10. Distribution map of Sphaeroderma flavonotata Chujo and S. jungchani sp. nov. Solid line: 1000 m, dotted line: 2000 m; circles: S. flavonotata Chujo; square: S. jungchani sp. nov.