Ambrosiophilus atratus (Eichhoff, 1876)

Smith, Sarah M., Beaver, Roger A. & Cognato, Anthony I., 2020, A monograph of the Xyleborini (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Scolytinae) of the Indochinese Peninsula (except Malaysia) and China, ZooKeys 983, pp. 1-442 : 1

Ambrosiophilus atratus (Eichhoff, 1876) Fig. 13A, B, I

Xyleborus atratus Eichhoff, 1876a: 201.

Ambrosiophilus atratus (Eichhoff): Hulcr and Cognato 2009: 22.

Xyleborus collis Niisima, 1910: 12. Synonymy: Smith et al. 2018b: 392.

Type material.

The holotype of Xyleborus atratus was destroyed in the bombing of UHZM in World War II ( Wood and Bright 1992). Syntypes of Xyleborus collis should be housed in NIAES but have not been located ( Smith et al. 2018b).

New records.

China: Chongqing, Nanshan, 20.viii.2015, Wang, J-G., Lv-Jia, Tian-Shang (RABC, 4); as previous except: Simian mtn, 7.v.2016, Tian-Shang, Lv-Jia (RABC, 1). Fukien [Fujian], Shaowu, Tachuland, 10-14.iv.1943, T.C. Ma (BPBM, 1).

Diagnosis.

3.3-3.5 mm long (mean = 3.46 mm; n = 5); 2.75-2.92 × as long as wide. This species is distinguished by all declivital interstriae granulate along the entire length; pronotum from lateral view long (type 8); declivital striae 1 and 2 moderately to strongly impressed; declivital interstriae moderately and uniformly granulate, granules on interstriae 3 spaced by a distance of 2-3 diameters of a granule; interstrial setae long, hair-like; and large size.

Similar species.

Ambrosiophilus caliginestris , A. satoi , A. sulcatus .

Distribution.

China (Chongqing*, Fujian, Shanxi), Japan, South & North Korea, Taiwan. Introduced to Europe and North America ( Atkinson et al. 1990; Faccoli 2008; Gomez et al. 2018a).

Host plants.

Polyphagous ( Faccoli 2008; Beaver and Liu 2010).

Remarks.

Kasson et al. (2016) have shown that the symbiotic association of the species with the fungus, Flavodon ambrosius , has allowed niche expansion with large, long-lived, interconnecting colonies, overlapping generations, and pre-dispersal oviposition by young females.

Figures

Figure 13. Dorsal, lateral and declivital view of Ambrosiophilus atratus, 3.3 - 3.5 mm (A, B, I), A. caliginestris holotype, 2.9 mm (C, D, J), A. consimilis holotype, 2.6 - 3.5 mm (E, F, K), and A. cristatulus, 2.1 - 2.3 mm (G, H, L).