Halmatettix Hancock, 1909

Silva, Daniela Santos Martins, Cadena-Castañeda, Oscar J. & Pereira, Marcelo Ribeiro, 2021, Batrachideinae (Orthoptera: Caelifera: Tetrigidae): an overview of the most diverse tetrigids of the Neotropical region, Zootaxa 4946 (1), pp. 1-84 : 16

4. Genus Halmatettix Hancock, 1909

Halmatettix is found in Peru, Bolivia and southeastern Brazil ( Fig. 37 ) and currently has five species, Halmatettix allardi Grant, 1955 ( Figs. 12 , 13 ); Halmatettix cristinotus Hancock, 1909 ( Fig. 14 ); Halmatetix furcatus Grant, 1955 ( Fig. 15 ); Halmatettix major Grant, 1955 ( Fig. 16 ); Halmatettix sordidus Grant, 1955 ( Fig. 17 ) ( Grant, 1955a, 1962, Cigliano et al. 2021). This genus is characterized by pronotum tectate; frontal costa elevated, lateral carinae cristate; antennae with 19-22 segments; pronotal lobes with tegminal sinus absent or weakly developed, ventral sinus weakly developed; brachypronotal; tegmina fully exposed or, usually, only partly exposed (cryptic) or absent; wings cryptic or lacking; middle femora with a short, usually blunt, median dorso-apical spine (sometimes barely indicated) ( Grant, 1955a, 1962) and the species are readily distinguished by the morphology of the pronotal scapular area and the degree of furcation exhibited by the lateral carinae of the frontal costa ( Grant, 1955a).

There is some doubt in Halmatettix distinction with some species of Tettigidea , but a detailed study of the specimens allows distinguishing these two taxa easily. Halmatettix is a robust taxon and has tegmina lacking or cryptic, tegminal sinus absence or vestigial and no macropronotal form is known. In Tettigidea , there are specimens macropronotal and brachypronotal with the wings normally developed, but sometimes reduced; tegmina presence and tegminal sinus always present and well defined, except Tettigidea empedonepia Hubbell, 1937 ( Fig. 41 ).

Figures

FIGURE 12. Halmatettix allardi Grant, 1955 holotype (A) left lateral view, (B) right lateral view, (C) dorsal view, (D) frontal view and (E) labels. Scale bar = 5 mm. Photo of type: Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University, Philadelphia/Daniela Silva and Marcelo Pereira.

FIGURE 13. Halmatettix allardi Grant, 1955 allotype (A) left lateral view, (B) dorsal view, (C) frontal view and (D) labels. Scale bar = 5 mm. Photo of type: Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University, Philadelphia/Daniela Silva and Marcelo Pereira.

FIGURE 14. Halmatettix cristinotus Hancock, 1909 allotype (A) left lateral view, (B) right lateral view, (C) dorsal view, (D) frontal view and (E) labels. Scale bar = 5 mm. Photo of type: Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University, Philadelphia/ Daniela Silva and Marcelo Pereira.

FIGURE 15. Halmatetix furcatus Grant, 1955 holotype (A) left lateral view, (B) dorsal view, (C) frontal view and (D) labels. Scale bar = 5 mm. Photo of type: Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University, Philadelphia/Daniela Silva and Marcelo Pereira.

FIGURE 16. Halmatettix major Grant, 1955 holotype (A) left lateral view, (B) dorsal view, (C) frontal view and (D) labels. Scale bar = 5 mm. Photo of type: Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University, Philadelphia/Daniela Silva and Marcelo Pereira.

FIGURE 17. Halmatettix sordidus Grant, 1955 holotype (A) left lateral view, (B) dorsal view, (C) frontal view and (D) labels. Scale bar = 5 mm. Photo of type: Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University, Philadelphia/Daniela Silva and Marcelo Pereira.

FIGURE 37. Map of approximated occurrence of the genera Puiggaria Bolívar, 1887; Halmatettix Hancock, 1909; Lophoscirtus Bruner, 1910 and Paurotarsus Hancock, 1900.

FIGURE 41. Tettigidea empedonepia Hubbell, 1937 (A) holotype and (B) allotypes left lateral view and labels. Photo of type: University of Michigan, Museum of Zoology (UMMZ Ann Arbor), photo modificated from Holger Braun.