Euura amentorum ( Förster, 1854 )

Liston, Andrew, Vikberg, Veli, Mutanen, Marko, Nyman, Tommi & Prous, Marko, 2023, Palaearctic willow-catkin sawflies: a revision of the amentorum species group of Euura (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae), Zootaxa 5323 (3), pp. 349-395 : 359-362

publication ID	https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5323.3.2
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:BF09BB2F-150C-46D6-B9D2-D27163CA1A28
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8225911
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/6674502F-501A-5740-27BE-E9D7BF38361C
treatment provided by	Plazi (2023-08-02 20:07:42, last updated 2024-11-27 06:46:33)
scientific name	Euura amentorum ( Förster, 1854 )
status

Treatment

Euura amentorum ( Förster, 1854)

Figures 3 View FIGURE 3 , 4 View FIGURE 4 , 14A–C View FIGURE 14 , 18A View FIGURE 18 , 20B, D–F View FIGURE 20 , 21A–C View FIGURE 21

Nematus amentorum Förster, 1854: 332–334 . Described: syntypes, 5♀. Published type locality: Gegend von Crefeld [ Germany, Krefeld area ]. Lectotype designated below.

Pristiphora amentorum: Konow, 1905 ; Enslin 1916.

Amauronematus amentorum: Conde, 1938 .

Pontopristia amentorum: Lindqvist, 1953 .

Amauronematus (Pontopristia) amentorum: Liston, 1995 .

Euura amentorum: Prous et al., 2014 .

Nematus (Pontopristia) amentorum: Zhelohovcev, 1988 .

Nematus suavis Ruthe, 1859: 308 . Described: syntypes, 2♀ (NHMW, examined). Published type locality: Island [ Iceland]. Lectotype designated below. Synonymy with amentorum by Lindqvist (1961).

Amauronematus suavis: Konow, 1901 .

Pontopristia suavis: Malaise, 1921 .

Nematus laevigatus Zaddach, 1883 [in Brischke 1883]: 194–195. Described: holotype ♀ (probably destroyed). Published type locality: not stated.

Pontania atra Marlatt, 1896: 24 (key), 37. Described: holotype ♀ (USNM, examined). Published type locality: Michigan [probably East Lansing, Michigan [ USA]: Zinovjev & Smith 1999]. Secondary homonym in Euura of E. atra ( Jurine, 1807) . Synonymy with amentorum by Conde (1938).

Pontania maura Rohwer, 1908: 47 . Described: syntype (s), ♀ (USNM, not examined). Published type locality: Florissant, Colorado [ USA]. Synonymy with amentorum by Conde (1938).

Pontania amentivora Rohwer, 1915: 209 . Described: syntypes, 4♀ (USNM, not examined). Published type locality: Falls Church, Virginia [ USA]. Synonymy with amentorum by Conde (1938).

Amauronematus amentivorus: Benson, 1960a .

Pristiphora amentorum var. nigripleuris Enslin, 1916: 528 (key), 533. Described: syntypes, ♀ (ZSM, examined). Published type locality: not stated. Lectotype designated below.

Pontopristia kamtchatica Malaise, 1931: 53–54 . Described: syntypes, 9♀. Published type locality: Klutchi, Petropawlowsk and Nischne-Kamtchatsk (See Aszabatch [Lake Azhabachye]) [ Russia, Kamchatka]. Lectotype designated below. Synonymy with amentorum by Benson (1962).

Nematus (Pontopristia) kamtchaticus: Zhelohovcev, 1988

Diagnosis. Female: Specimens with pale interantennal area, outer orbit, pronotum, and parts of mesepisternum ( Fig. 3C, J View FIGURE 3 ), are easily distinguished from all the other species, in which these parts are entirely black. Dark E. amentorum specimens differ from all other species, except E. freyja , in the distally wider valvulae 3, in dorsal view 1.8–2.1 × as wide as narrowest distal width of metatibia (at most 1.6 × as wide in other species). E. amentorum differs from E. freyja in its largely pale forewing stigma and costa (blackish in E. freyja ) and stouter body shape.

Male: So far, only pale coloured males are known, which differ from other amentorum group males in their pale malar space, interantennal area, pronotum, and part of mesepisternum ( Fig. 3F, K View FIGURE 3 ). Penis valve ( Fig. 18A View FIGURE 18 ): The apical extension of pseudoceps is much longer than that of any other known male in the amentorum group, and in this respect resembles only a few other Euura species: E. abnormis (Holmgren) , E. cornuta (Lindqvist) , and E. longicauda (Hellén) .

Description. Female. Length 3.5–5.5 mm. Black. Pale are at least more or less mandibles, palps, labrum, tibiae, and apices of femora. Cerci pale. Wing veins including fore wing pterostigma and costa pale ( Fig. 3A View FIGURE 3 ); margins of stigma sometimes darker.

Head. In dorsal view moderately contracted behind eyes, and length posterior of eye about 0.40 × length of eye ( Fig. 3G–H View FIGURE 3 ). Mostly dull with coriaceous sculpture except for labrum. Upper head densely setose; setae pale, about 0.7 × as long as anterior ocellus diameter. Clypeus subtruncate to slightly emarginate medially, labrum apically rounded ( Fig. 3I–J View FIGURE 3 ). Antenna ( Fig. 3D View FIGURE 3 ) 0.95–1.10 × as long as fore wing costa ( Fig. 3A View FIGURE 3 ).

Thorax. Pronotum, tegula and mesoscutum densely punctate, dull. Mesoscutum sparsely punctate, with shiny interspaces. Vestiture similar to upper head, but shorter, adpressed. Lateral mesoscutal lobe approximately 1.50 × as long as greatest width. Mesoscutellum as broad as long, without longitudinal median furrow; with few, extremely weak punctures; smooth and shiny, to dull with fine sculpture. Mesepisternum smooth, shiny; without a ventral glabrous patch; setae about 1.0 × as long as diameter of anterior ocellus.

Abdomen. Valvulae 3 in lateral view clearly orientated upwards; apically narrow, rounded ( Fig. 4D View FIGURE 4 ). In dorsal view 1.8–2.1 × as wide as narrowest distal width of metatibia, strongly expanding towards tip ( Fig. 4B View FIGURE 4 ). Cercus reaches approximately to the tip of valvulae 3. Lancet ( Fig. 14A–C View FIGURE 14 ): 16–19 [most frequently 17] annular sutures; moderately curved; lamnium with rather flat marginal serrulae; basal annular sutures without ctenidial teeth. Base of tangium with prominent, narrow lobe.

Male [three specimens examined, all from Finland]. Length 3.5–4.5 mm. All are extensively pale-coloured ( Fig 3F View FIGURE 3 ). Antenna ( Fig. 3K View FIGURE 3 ) 1.05–1.10 × as long as fore wing costa; slightly tapering towards apex. Abdominal tergum 8 ( Fig. 4E–F View FIGURE 4 ): posterior edge of procidentia subrectangular to rounded, tergal hollows reach almost to base of tergum. Penis valve ( Fig. 18A View FIGURE 18 ): Extension of pseudoceps longer than height of paravalva; paravalva upper surface almost flat.

Variability. Colour pattern of females highly variable. The palest European females (e.g. Fig. 3C, H, J View FIGURE 3 ) have pale scape, pedicel, underside of base of flagellum, whole face below top of toruli including clypeus and labrum, outer orbit, temple, nearly whole pronotum, whole tegula, central parts and / or underside of mesepisternum, legs except for tarsi and extreme base of coxae, all abdominal sterna, broad lateral parts of terga, cercus, and sawsheath. The darkest specimens (e.g. Fig. 3A–B, G, I View FIGURE 3 ) have only the following pale: apices of femora; base, apex and underside of tibiae, cercus. Pale specimens occur apparently throughout the species’ European range, but the very dark specimens are only known from subarctic and arctic regions. The extant type series of four female P. kamtchatica exhibits colour variability comparable to the European material: the lectotype is the palest and largest (5.5 mm), and NHRS-HEVA000006353 is the darkest and smallest (4.5mm). The size and shape of the lancet serrulae are also somewhat variable in both European specimens and those from Kamtchatka ( Fig.14A–C View FIGURE 14 ). Lindqvist (1961) wrote that the lancet of E. amentorum has 18 annular sutures, but we found this to be rather variable: 16–19 sutures in 75 examined specimens. So far, only males with extensive pale markings are known. Two of these (http://id.luomus.fi/GP.110189 ( Fig. 3E–F View FIGURE 3 ), DEI-GISHym12665), have entirely pale hind legs, and are thus even paler than the palest females. Sclerotisation of tergum 8 ( Fig. 4E–F View FIGURE 4 ) is highly variable, and the apparent outline of the procidentia varies correspondingly.

References

Benson, R. B. (1960 a) Studies in Pontania (Hym., Tenthredinidae). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History). Entomology series, 8, 369 - 384.

Benson, R. B. (1962) Holarctic sawflies (Hymenoptera: Symphyta). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History). Entomology series, 12 (8), 379 - 409. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 5879

Brischke, C. G. A. (1883) Beobachtungen uber die Arten der Blatt- und Holzwespen von C. G. A. Brischke, Hauptlehrer a. D. in Langfuhr und Dr. Gustav Zaddach Professor in Konigsberg, mitgetheilt von Brischke aus Zaddach's Manuscripten. Schriften der physikalisch-okonomischen Gesellschaft zu Konigsberg, 23, 127 - 200.

Conde, O. (1938) Ostbaltische Tenthredinoidea IV. Notulae Entomologicae, 18, 10 - 20.

Enslin, E. (1916) Die Tenthredinoidea Mitteleuropas V. Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift, Beiheft 5, 413 - 538.

Forster, A. (1854) Neue Blattwespen. Verhandlungen des naturhistorischen Vereines der preussischen Rheinlande und Westfalens, Neue Folge, 1, 265 - 350, pls. IV - VII.

Jurine, L. (1807) Nouvelle Methode de classer les Hymenopteres et les Dipteres. 4 (II). J. J. Paschoud, Geneve et Paris, 319 pp., 7 pls. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 60886

Konow, F. W. (1901) Ueber Nematus suavis Ruthe . (Hym.). Zeitschrift f ¸ r systematische Hymenopterologie und Dipterologie, 1 (6), 366.

Konow, F. W. (1905) Hymenoptera. Fam. Tenthredinidae. Genera Insectorum, 29, 1 - 176.

Lindqvist, E. (1953) [Mag. E. Lindqvist redogjorde for taxonomin inom bladstekelslaktet Pontopristia]. Notulae Entomologicae, 33 (3 - 4), 121 - 122.

Lindqvist, E. (1961) Die Pontopristia - Arten Finnlands (Hym., Tenthr.). Notulae Entomologicae, 41, 69 - 79.

Liston, A. D. (1995) Compendium of European Sawflies. List of species, modern nomenclature, distribution, foodplants, identification literature. Chalastos Forestry, Gottfrieding, 190 pp.

Malaise, R. (1921) Beitrage zur Kenntnis schwedischer Blattwespen. Entomologisk Tidskrift, 41 (1), 1 - 20.

Malaise, R. (1931) Entomologische Ergebnisse der schwedischen Kamtchatka Expedition 1920 - 1922. (35. Tenthredinidae). Arkiv for Zoologi, 23 (2 [A 8]), 1 - 68. [Separatum]

Marlatt, C. L. (1896) Revision of the Nematinae of North America, a subfamily of leaf-feeding Hymenoptera of the family Tenthredinidae. Technical Series, United States Department of Agriculture, Division of Entomology, 3, 1 - 135. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 40958

Prous, M., Blank, S. M., Goulet, H., Heibo, E., Liston, A., Malm, T., Nyman, T., Schmidt, S., Smith, D. R., Vardal, H., Viitasaari, M., Vikberg, V. & Taeger, A. (2014) The genera of Nematinae (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae). Journal of Hymenoptera Research, 40, 1 - 69. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / JHR. 40.7442

Rohwer, S. A. (1908) Some new nematid sawflies from Colorado. The Canadian Entomologist, 40 (2), 45 - 50. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / Ent 4045 - 2

Rohwer, S. A. (1915) Descriptions of new species of Hymenoptera. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 49 (2105), 205 - 249. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.2105.205

Ruthe, J. F. (1859) Verzeichniss der von Dr. Staudinger im Jahre 1856 auf Island gesammelten Hymenopteren. Entomologische Zeitung, 20, 305 - 322.

Zinovjev, A. G. & Smith, D. R. (1999) Types and biological notes of the eastern North American sawflies of Pontania Costa and Phyllocolpa Benson (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) described by Marlatt, Dyar, and Rohwer. Proceedings of the entomological Society of Washington, 101 (2), 359 - 371.

Figures

FIGURE 3. Euura amentorum. A–B) ♀ ZMUO.030865. C) ♀ ZMUO.030864. D) ♀ DEI-GISHym4851. E–F) ♁ http:// id.luomus.fi/GP.118189. G) ♀ DEI-GISHym13881. H) ♀ lectotype Pontopristia kamtchatica NHRS-HEVA000006355. I) ♀ ZMUO.030865. J) ♀ DEI-GISHym4851. K) ♁ DEI-GISHym12665. Scale bars 1 mm.

FIGURE 4. Euura amentorum. A) ♁ DEI-GISHym12665. B) ♀ valvulae 3 dorsal lectotype Pontopristia kamtchatica NHRS- HEVA000006355. C) ♀ lance PR.506VV. D) ♀ valvula 3 lateral DEI-GISHym13881. E) ♁ tergum 8 DEI-GISHym12665. F) ♁ tergum 8 http://id.luomus.fi/GP.110189.

FIGURE 14. Lancets.A–C Euura amentorum:A) PR.505VV, lobe projecting from base of tangium arrowed.B) Nematus suavis paralectotype DEI-GISHym12674. C) Pontopristia kamtchatica lectotype NHRS-HEVA000006355. D–E Euura latiserra: D) PR.486VV. E) Pontopristia latiserra lectotype NHRS-HEVA000003679.

FIGURE 18. Penis valves. A) Euura amentorum http://id.luomus.fi/GP.110189. B) E. pohjola n. sp. paratype ZMUO.030821, valvispina (upper) and lobe on paravalva (lower) arrowed. C) E. dahlbomi http://id.luomus.fi/GP.110188. D) E. microphyes 00244_KTP. E) E. freyja, 200693_BSP. F) E. freyja ZMUO.058316.

FIGURE 20. Euura amentorum group. A–C Feeding signs on female Salix catkins: A) E.? amentorum, S. lapponum, Norway, Svanvik, 1.7.2019, note larva outside the catkin (arrow). B) E. amentorum, S. myrsinites, Finland, Kuusamo District, 13.6.2018. C) E.? freyja, S. myrsinifolia, Norway, Austertana, 4.7.2020. D) E.? amentorum, S. phylicifolia, Finland, Oulu, 6.6.2007, protruding dorsal annulets (arrows). E) E. amentorum last instar larvae (green body) and prepupae (brownish body), from a single catkin of S. lapponum, Finland, Tolva, 9.6.2018. F) E. amentorum DEI-GISHym84387 prepupa, antenna (arrow).

FIGURE 21. Euura amentorum group.A–C E. amentorum DEI-GISHym84386 last instar larva, in ethanol:A) head and thorax. B) abdominal segments 3–5, seg. 4 dorsal annulets arrowed. C) tip of abdomen. D) E. itelmena 210010_NBH ovipositing in S. lanata catkin. E) unidentified species, larva boring in catkin axis of S. lapponum, Norway, Svanvik, 9.7.2019. F) E.? freyja larva, S. lanata, Norway, Skallelv, 16.7.2019. G) E.? freyja prepupa, S. myrsinifolia, Norway, Båtsfjord, 9.7.2021.