Juno Tratt., Ausw. Gartenpfl.

Crespo, Manuel B., Martínez-Azorín, Mario & Mavrodiev, Evgeny V., 2015, Can a rainbow consist of a single colour? A new comprehensive generic arrangement of the ‘ Iris sensu latissimo’ clade (Iridaceae), congruent with morphology and molecular data, Phytotaxa 232 (1), pp. 448-450 : 448-450

5. Juno Tratt., Ausw. Gartenpfl. 1: 135 (1821) [ Iris subg. Scorpiris Spach, Hist. Nat. Vég. 13: 16 (1846); Xiphion subg. Juno (Tratt.) Baker, J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 16: 123 (1877); Iris subg. Juno (Tratt.) Baker, Handb. Irid. : 44 (1892); Iris sect. Juno (Tratt.) Maxim., Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg 26: 505 (1880); Thelysia Salisb. ex Parl., Fl. Ital. 3: 516 (1860); Costia Willk., Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 18: 131 (1860) nom. illeg.; Coresantha Alef., Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 21: 298 (1863)]. Type (lectotype here designated):— J. scorpioides (Desf.) Tratt. [≡ Iris scorpioides Desf., Fl. Atlant. 1: 40, t. 6 (1798)] = J. planifolia (Mill.) Asch., Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 22: 114 (1864) [≡ Xiphion planifolium Mill., Gard. Dict. ed. 8: without pagination (1768)]

Description:—Bulbous herbs, with deciduous aerial structures. Bulb tunicate, with several fleshy internal tunics, free from each other, clothed with smooth, brownish, membranous outer tunics; roots fleshy, strongly swollen, persistent during dormancy. Stem aerial or hypogeal, simple, rounded in cross section. Leaves bifacial, broadly linear to linear-lanceolate, canaliculate, distichous, ± recurved, with hyaline margins, equitant, not fetid. Flowers 1 to many, terminal or axillary, sessile or subsessile. Spathe valves 2, herbaceous or membranous at anthesis. Perigone in 2 rows, strongly differing in size and shape, fused in a long tube, slightly widened at the apex; falls erect-patent, obovate-oblong to broadly spatulate, reflexed towards the middle part, gradually tapering into a short claw, usually bearing 2 lobes at the base, with prominent central ridge or crest, entire; standards small, patent to reflexed (exceptionally subpatent and larger), usually oblong to oblanceolate, narrowed into a canaliculate haft. Stamen filaments free, adnate to the fall bases. Ovary trilocular, with axile placentation. Style filiform, with 3 petaloid branches, about as long or shorter than falls, each one concealing a stamen; crests triangular-lanceolate, acute, ± straight; stigma bilobed or almost entire, with broad lobes. Capsule oblong, trigonous, dehiscing from apex to about middle, usually hidden into spathes or even underground, unbeaked; pericarp papery. Seeds numerous, globose to pyriform, apiculate, without aril, or occassionally angulose, with whitish raphe; testa surface irregularly wrinkled. p = 8, 9, 11. Figs. 2C–D , 3I , 6S , 13A .

It includes about 60 species, occurring mainly in southwestern Asia and the Caucasus, one of them extending into the western Mediterranean basin ( Fig. 9C ).

Needed new combinations:— Juno allisonii (B.Mathew) M.B.Crespo, Mart. -Azorín & Mavrodiev, comb. nov. Basionym: Iris stenophylla subsp. allisonii B.Mathew, Garden (London) 106: 478 (1981). Juno chlorotica (B.Mathew & Wendelbo) M.B.Crespo, Mart. -Azorín & Mavrodiev, comb. nov. Basionym: Iris drepanophylla subsp. chlorotica B.Mathew & Wendelbo, Garden (London) 106: 478 (1981). Juno khassanovii (Tojibaev &

A NEW GENERIC ARRANGEMENT OF IRIS SENSU LATISSIMO

Phytotaxa 232 (1) © 2015 Magnolia Press • 53 Tuginov) M.B.Crespo, Mart.-Azorín & Mavrodiev, comb. nov. Basionym: Iris khassanovii Tojibaev & Turginov, Phytotaxa 158: 224 (2014). Juno leptoneura (B.Mathew & Wendelbo) M.B.Crespo, Mart. -Azorín & Mavrodiev, comb. nov. Basionym: Iris hymenospatha subsp. leptoneura B.Mathew & Wendelbo, Fl. Iranica 112: 57 (1975). Juno nezahatiae (Güner & H.Duman) M.B.Crespo, Mart. -Azorín & Mavrodiev, comb. nov. Basionym: Iris nezahatiae Güner & H.Duman, Turkish J. Bot. 31: 311 (2007). Juno pseudocapnoides (Rukšāns) M.B.Crespo, Mart. -Azorín & Mavrodiev, comb. nov. Basionym: Iris pseudocapnoides Rukšāns, Buried Treasures : 362 (2007). Juno rudolphii (F.O.Khass., Esankulov & Achilova) M.B.Crespo, Mart. -Azorín & Mavrodiev, comb. nov. Basionym: Iris rudolphii F.O.Khass., Esankulov & Achilova, Stapfia 99: 207 (2013). Juno turcica (B.Mathew) M.B.Crespo, Mart. -Azorín & Mavrodiev, comb. nov. Basionym: Iris caucasica subsp. turcica B.Mathew, Garden (London) 106: 478 (1981). Juno victoris (F.O.Khass., U.Khuzh. & N.Rakhimova) M.B.Crespo, Mart. -Azorín & Mavrodiev, comb. nov. Basionym: Iris victoris F.O.Khass., U.Khuzh. & N.Rakhimova, Stapfia 99: 207 (2013).

Figures

FIGURE 2. External morphology of rootstock (bulbs, rhizomes and roots). A) Iridodictyum reticulatum, bulb with reticulate outer tunics (photo: Ken Walker); B) Xiphion heracleanum, bulb with membranous outer tunics and stem bulbil (photo: Manuel B. Crespo); C) Juno narbutii, bulb with persistent fleshy roots (photo: Ken Walker); D) Juno rosenbachiana, bulb with persistent fleshy roots (photo: Ken Walker); E) Limniris pseudacorus, rhizome with swollen annulate annual growths (photo: G.–U. Tolkiehn); F) Hermodactylus tuberosus, rhizome with pseudodigitate tubercles (photo: Attilio Marzorati); G) Junopsis barbatula, fleshy tuberous roots surrounding the inconspicuous central rhizome (photo: Ken Walker); H) Phaeiris hexagona, rhizome with fibrous remains of old leaves on scars, and fibrosus roots (photo: Ken Walker); I) Siphonostylis lazica, rhizome dichotomously branched and fibrous roots (photo: Ken Walker); J) Zhaoanthus odaesanensis, slender stoloniferous rhizomes with long, thin roots bearing nodules (photo: Christy Hensler); K) Rodionenkoa gracilipes, heterogeneous rhizome with cord-like branches (photo: Ken Walker); L) Cryptobasis bungei, short rizhomes with reddish-brown remains of leaf sheaths forming an apical neck-like structure (MO s.n.).

FIGURE 3. Flower morphology: falls, standards and stylar branches in most cases, sometimes with spathe bracts. A) Siphonostylis lazica (photo: Ken Walker); B) Gattenhofia verna (photo: Jim McCormac); C) Pardanthopsis dichotoma (photo: Christy Hensler); D) Belamcanda chinensis, with all tepals subequal and also with fruits (photo: Tom Murphy); E) Iris germanica (photo: Ken Walker); F) Iris acutiloba (photo: Aleksandr Ivanov); G) Iris tigridia (photo: Vladimir Y. Arkhipov); H) Iris bloudowii (photo: Vesa Muurinen); I) Juno planifolia (photo: Mario Martínez-Azorín); J) Evansia japonica (photo: Ken Walker); K) Tectiris tectorum (photo: Ken Walker); L) Junopsis decora (photo: Ken Walker).

FIGURE 6. Carpology. A) Belamcanda chinensis, seeds black, long persistent on the central axis of fruit (photo: Stanislav Doronenko); B) Pardanthopsis dichotoma, seeds shortly winged (photo: Ken Walker); C) Gattenhofia verna var. smalliana, seeds with fleshy raphe and ribbed surface (photo: Ken Walker); D) Tectiris tectorum, seeds glossy, pyriform, apiculate, with inconspicuous aril (photo: Ken Walker); E) Evansia wattii, seeds matte, angulose, with small aril (photo: Dennis Kramb); F) Chamaeiris foetidissima, seeds reddish, persistent on valves of the opened fruit (photo: Ken Walker); G) Chamaeiris halophila, seeds with papery, loose testa (photo: David Pilling); H) Hermodactylus tuberosus, seeds globose with gelatinous aril (photo: Ken Walker); I) Lophiris cristata, seeds with long coiled appendage (photo: Jan Sacks); J) Zhaoanthus speculatrix, seeds with aril withering early as a wing (photo: Ken Walker); K) Phaeiris giganticaerulea, seeds large, flattened, with thickened, corky testa (photo: Robert R. Pries); L) Joniris uniflora, seeds with fleshy raphe vanishing on drying (photo: Robert R. Pries); M) Limniris sibirica, seeds discoidal, without aril, with subcorky testa (photo: Ken Walker); N) Rodionenkoa gracilipes, seeds with fleshy raphe and testa surface pitted (photo: Robert R. Pries); O) Junopsis collettii, seeds oblong with conspicuous whitish aril (photo: Ken Walker); P) Zhaoanthus koreanus, seeds globosecompressed, with fleshy raphe withering early as a wing (photo: Robert R. Pries); Q) Iris hoogiana, seeds with prominent aril and testa surface reticulate-wrinkled (photo: Robert R. Pries); R) Iris pumila, seeds without aril and testa surface reticulate-wrinkled (photo: Steve Hurst); S) Juno bucharica, seeds apiculate with fleshy appendage (photo: Ken Walker); T) Siphonostylis lazica, seeds angulose with testa surface covered with sessile glands (photo: Ken Walker). Scale bars in mm.

FIGURE 9. Approximate distribution areas: A) Pardanthopsis (violet); B) Belamcanda (orange); C) Juno (red); D) Junopsis (yellow). Areas for A and B include only the territories where they are presumably native.

FIGURE 13. Habit and floral details. A) Juno persica (Wright 1906: t. 8059); B) Evansia japonica (Redouté 1806: t. 152); C) Junopsis collettii (Hooker 1903: t. 7889); D) Tectiris milesii (Baker 1886: t. 6889).