Iris reticulata var. sophenensis Foster, Gard. Chron., 2015

Crespo, Manuel B., Martínez-Azorín, Mario & Mavrodiev, Evgeny V., 2015, Can a rainbow consist of a single colour? A new comprehensive generic arrangement of the ‘ Iris sensu latissimo’ clade (Iridaceae), congruent with morphology and molecular data, Phytotaxa 232 (1), pp. 448-450 : 448-450

15. Iridodictyum Rodion., Rod Iris : 201 (1961) [ Iris subg. Hermodactyloides Spach, Hist. Nat. Vég. 13: 16 (1846)]. Type (holotype):— Iridodictyum reticulatum (M.Bieb.) Rodion. [≡ Iris reticulata M.Bieb., Fl. Taur. -Caucas. 1: 34 (1808)]

Description:—Bulbous herbs, with deciduous aerial structures. Bulb tuberiform, constituted by a single fleshy tunic, clothed with reticulate outer tunics; roots fibrous, thin, absent during dormancy. Stem inconspicuous and hidden among leaf bases or short aerial, simple, solid, rounded in cross section, elongating in fruit. Leaves bifacial, quadrangular to octagonal, narrowly linear to acicular, canaliculate, not fetid, clothed at the base with several membranous sheaths. Flowers solitary, terminal, sessile or subsessile. Spathe valves 2, herbaceous at anthesis. Perigone in 2 rows, differing in size and shape, fused in a tube short or long scapiform; falls erect-patent, obovate to broadly lanceolate, panduriform, reflexed towards the upper part, gradually tapering into a short claw, smooth; standards erect, oblanceolate to narrowly linear, usually narrowed into a canaliculate haft. Stamen filaments free, adnate to the fall bases. Ovary trilocular, with axile placentation. Style filiform, with 3 petaloid branches, slightly shorter than falls, each one concealing a stamen; crests triangular-lanceolate, acute, ± straight; stigma bilobed, with broad lobes. Capsule oblong-cylindrical to ellipsoid, trigonous, dehiscing from apex to about middle, usually beaked; pericarp papery, smooth in the inner surface. Seeds numerous, globose to pyriform, with whitish aril; testa hard, surface irregularly wrinkled. p = 8, 10. Figs. 2A , 4J–K , 21B .

It includes ca. 17 species, occurring from Turkey and Transcaucasus to the Middle East ( Fig. 22B ).

Needed new combinations:— Iridodictyum sect. Brevitubum (B.Mathew) M.B.Crespo, Mart. -Azorín & Mavrodiev, comb. nov. Basionym: Iris sect. Brevituba B.Mathew, Davis & Hedge Festschrift : 84 (1989). Type (holotype):— Iridodyctium pamphylicum (Hedge) M.B.Crespo, Mart. -Azorín & Mavrodiev. Iridodictyum

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CRESPO ET AL.

aintabensis (G.P.Baker) M.B.Crespo, Mart.-Azorín & Mavrodiev, comb. nov. Basionym: Iris histrio var. aintabensis G.P.Baker, Gard. Chron. ser. 3, 89: 137 (1931) [ Iris histrio subsp. aintabensis (G.P.Baker) B.Mathew, Davis & Hedge Festschrift : 97 (1989)]. Iridodictyum celikii (Akpulat & K.I.Chr.) M.B.Crespo, Mart. -Azorín & Mavrodiev, comb. nov. Basionym: Iris celikii Akpulat & K.I.Chr., Nordic J. Bot. 24: 207 (2006). Iridodictyum hyrcanum (Woronow ex Grossh.) Rodion. ex M.B.Crespo, Mart. -Azorín & Mavrodiev, comb. nov. Basionym: Iris hyrcana Woronow ex Grossh., Fl. Kavkaza 1: 250 (1928). Iridodictyum kurdicum (Rukšāns) M.B.Crespo, Mart. - Azorín & Mavrodiev, comb. nov. Basionym: Iris reticulata var. kurdica Rukšāns, Buried Treasures : 363 (2007). Iridodictyum pamphylicum (Hedge) M.B.Crespo, Mart. -Azorín & Mavrodiev, comb. nov. Basionym: Iris pamphylica Hedge , Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 23: 557 (1961). Iridodictyum pskemensis (Rukšāns) M.B.Crespo, Mart. -Azorín & Mavrodiev, comb. nov. Basionym: Iris pskemensis Rukšāns, Buried Treasures : 363 (2007). Iridodictyum sophenensis (Foster) M.B.Crespo, Mart. -Azorín & Mavrodiev, comb. nov. Basionym: Iris reticulata var. sophenensis Foster, Gard. Chron. nov. ser., 23: 470 (1885) [ Iris histrioides var. sophenensis (Foster) Dykes, Gen. Iris : 225 (1912)]. Iridodictyum zagricum (B.Mathew & Zarrei) M.B.Crespo, Mart. -Azorín & Mavrodiev, comb. nov. Basionym: Iris zagrica B.Mathew & Zarrei, Bull. Brit. Iris Soc. Spec. Group 2008–09: 24 (2009).

Figures

FIGURE 2. External morphology of rootstock (bulbs, rhizomes and roots). A) Iridodictyum reticulatum, bulb with reticulate outer tunics (photo: Ken Walker); B) Xiphion heracleanum, bulb with membranous outer tunics and stem bulbil (photo: Manuel B. Crespo); C) Juno narbutii, bulb with persistent fleshy roots (photo: Ken Walker); D) Juno rosenbachiana, bulb with persistent fleshy roots (photo: Ken Walker); E) Limniris pseudacorus, rhizome with swollen annulate annual growths (photo: G.–U. Tolkiehn); F) Hermodactylus tuberosus, rhizome with pseudodigitate tubercles (photo: Attilio Marzorati); G) Junopsis barbatula, fleshy tuberous roots surrounding the inconspicuous central rhizome (photo: Ken Walker); H) Phaeiris hexagona, rhizome with fibrous remains of old leaves on scars, and fibrosus roots (photo: Ken Walker); I) Siphonostylis lazica, rhizome dichotomously branched and fibrous roots (photo: Ken Walker); J) Zhaoanthus odaesanensis, slender stoloniferous rhizomes with long, thin roots bearing nodules (photo: Christy Hensler); K) Rodionenkoa gracilipes, heterogeneous rhizome with cord-like branches (photo: Ken Walker); L) Cryptobasis bungei, short rizhomes with reddish-brown remains of leaf sheaths forming an apical neck-like structure (MO s.n.).

FIGURE 4. Flower morphology: falls, standards and stylar branches, sometimes with spathe bracts (cont.). A) Limniris sibirica (photo: Frank Hoehnel); B) Limniris chrysographes (photo: Ken Walker); C) Limniris sanguinea (photo: Andrej Baryshenko); D) Eremiris lactea (photo: Andrey Korzun); E) Sclerosiphon songaricum (photo: Vladimir Kolobincev); F) Joniris brevituba (photo: Georgy Lazkov); G) Phaeiris giganticaerulea (photo: Rodney Barton); H) Zhaoanthus henryi (photo: Ken Walker); I) Zhaoanthus minutoaureus (photo: Dennis Kramb); J) Iridodictyum reticulatum (photo: Sean Zera); K) Iridodictyum danfordiae (photo: Peter Bohnert); L) Cryptobasis mariae (photo: Yuriy Danilevsky).

FIGURE 21. Habit and floral details. A) Zhaoanthus minutoaureus (Hooker 1910: t. 8293); B) Iridodictyum bakerianum (Foster 1889: t. 7084); C) Cryptobasis loczyi (photo: Georgy Lazkov); D) Cryptobasis mariae (photo: Elena Rahimova); E) Hermodactylus tuberosus (Syme 1869: t. 1496).

FIGURE 22. Approximate distribution areas: A) Xiphion (red); B) Iridodictyum (yellow); C) Alatavia (green).