Dasyus variabilis Moser, 1918: 95

Fuhrmann, Juares, 2019, Taxonomy of Neotropical genera Compsodactylus and Dasyus and notes on claw movement in Macrodactylini (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae), Zootaxa 4679 (1), pp. 139-163 : 150-154

Dasyus variabilis Moser, 1918: 95

( Figs. 26 , 68–70 , 76–77 , 79, 82 , 91–97 , 99 )

Dasyus variabilis Moser, 1918: 95 ; Evans 2003: 265 (checklist); Evans & Smith 2009: 226 (checklist).

Calodactylus pilicollis Frey, 1974: 319 , fig. 1 (aedeagus); new synonym.

Description. Body length: 8.9–12.8 mm, greatest width: 4.4–5.8 mm; males black with pygidium and ventrite VI red and legs black ( Fig. 91 ) or red ( Fig. 94 ), or black with pronotum, pygidium, ventrite VI, and anterior half of elytra dark yellow ( Fig. 95 ), or black with anterior half of elytra dark yellow ( Fig. 96 ); females entirely black or as males. Head with epistomal suture distinct. Interocular distance 5–6 times wider than eye width (measures taken at medial area of eyes). Clava longer than funicle (clava/funicle = 1.2–1.5), clava of males (length/width = 3.4–4.7) longer than clava of females (length/width = 1.8–2.7), funicle of males (length/width = 5.9–6.6) longer than funicle of females (length/width = 4.7–5.3). Prothoracic legs of males with tarsomere I without tooth and I–IV without setal comb. Scutellum as long as wide (width/length = 1). Elytra of males and females with similar relative size (length/width = 2.3–2.6); disc almost glabrous. Metathoracic legs with tibia bearing dense thin setae and scarce stout setae. Abdomen with propygidium of males and females partially exposed by resting elytra; pygidium of females without sulci; ventrite VI of males with a medial concavity surrounded laterally by raised lobes ( Fig. 26 ). Aedeagus, parameres as figured ( Figs. 68–70 ); endophallus ( Figs. 76–77 ) with distal piece bearing 3 dorsal lobes, asperites of distal raspula without aciculate projection ( Fig. 77 details). Female terminalia with subtriangular paraprocts ( Fig. 79 ) and genitalia with gland of spermatheca oblong ( Fig. 82 ).

Remarks. As D. collaris (above), D. variabilis shows a wide color variation.

Distribution. Southeastern Brazil, in southeastern Bahia and Espírito Santo ( Fig. 99 ).

Type series. Dasyus variabilis : this species was described based on undetermined number of males and females. A male lectotype at ZMHU ( Figs. 91–92 ) is hereby designed; lectotype with left metatibia-tarsus lost; labels ( Fig. 93 ): [Brasilia | Espirito Santo] [ D. variabilis | v. pygidialis | Typus Mos.] [SYNTYPUS | Dasyus | variabilis Moser, 1918 | labelled by MNHUB 2005] [LECTOTYPE | Dasyus variabilis | Moser, 1918 | des. J. Fuhrmann | 2014 ♂]. Four paralectotypes at ZMHU with similar labels to the lectotype were also observed.

Calodactylus pilicollis: The species was described based on a male holotype ( Fig. 96 ) and a male paratype. Holotype with left metatibia-tarsus lost; labels ( Fig. 97 ): [Pedra Azul | 800m, M. Gerais | Alvarenga, 1972] [Type | Calodactylus | pilicollis | G. Frey 19 77]. The present study of the holotype of C. pilicollis was based on photographs (dorsal, lateral, ventral) taken by Enrica Steiner and sent by Eva Sprecher ( NHMB).

Material examined. (18 specimens). BRAZIL: MINAS GERAIS, Pedra Azul , 800 m, Alvarenga (collector), 1 ♂ (photographs of C. pilicollis holotype) ( NHMB) , ESPÍRITO SANTO, 1 ♀ ( BMNH) , 1 ♂, 3 ♀ ( SMTD) , 1 ♂ ( D. variabilis lectotype), 4 ♀ ( D. variabilis paralectotypes) ( ZMHU) , Barra de São Francisco , “Córrego Itá”, W. Zikan (collector), xi.1954, 1 ♂ ( DZUP) , Baixo Guandu, C. Elias (collector), 23–30.xi.1970, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ ( DZUP) , Santa Maria de Jetibá , “Barragem do Rio Bonito”, 600 m, xi.1964, 3 ♂, 1 ♀ ( DZUP) .

Figures

FIGURES 24–26. Dasyus male. 24, Dasyus collaris habitus, lateral (without some appendages); 25, D. collaris abdomen, lateroventral; 26, D. variabilis abdomen, lateroventral. Scale = 1 mm.

FIGURES 64–70. Dasyus male terminalia. 64, Dasyus collaris genital ring; 65, D. collaris tegmen, lateral; 66, D. collaris parameres, distal; 67, D. collaris parameres, laterodistal; 68, D. variabilis tegmen, lateral; 69, D. variabilis parameres, distal; 70, D. variabilis parameres, laterodistal. phb, phallobasis (* apodeme); scm, second connective membrane (connecting genital ring to phallobasis); spg, spiculum gastrale (tergite IX element, * apodeme or cranial piece); sn9, abdominal sternite IX; tcm, third connective membrane (connecting abdominal segment VIII to genital ring). Scale = 1 mm.

FIGURES 71–77. Dasyus endophallus. 71, Dasyus collaris right side (distal piece introverted); 72, D. collaris dorsal detail of temones; 73, D. collaris ventral detail of V-sclerite; 74–75, D. collaris right and left side; 76–77, D. variabilis right (distal piece introverted) and left side. fcm, first connective membrane (connecting tegmen to endophallus); ldd, dorsal lobes of distal piece; lpd, dorsal lobe of proximal piece; lpm, ventromedial lobe of proximal piece; lpp, ventroproximal lobe of proximal piece; lpv, ventrodistal lobe of proximal piece; M(O), musculus phallobaso-endophalloapodemalis; M(S), musculus endophalloapodemalis; ttm, temones tendon. Asperites details with relative magnification of about 10x. Scale = 0.5 mm.

FIGURES 78–83. Dasyus female terminalia. 78, Dasyus collaris terminalia with detail of asperites of proctiger area; 79, D. variabilis terminalia; 80, D. collaris pygidium, internal (showing paraproct-pygidium articulation); 81, D. collaris genitalia (right side without external elements; left side with detail of gonocoxite setae); 82, D. variabilis spermatheca complex; 83, D. collaris longitudinal section, lateral (accessory gland in dotted line). acg, accessory gland; bcx, bursa copulatrix; gcx, gonocoxite; ovd, oviduct; ppt, paraproct; pyg, pygidium; ret, rectum; spt, spermatheca; stg, gland of spermatheca; tg8–9, abdominal tergite VIII and IX. Details with relative magnification of about 10x. Scale = 0.5 mm.

FIGURES 91–97. Dasyus variabilis variation. 91–93, Dasyus variabilis male lectotype (dorsal, lateral, labels); 94, male (Espírito Santo, Santa Maria de Jetibá); 95, female (Espírito Santo, Baixo Guandu); 96–97, Calodactylus pilicollis male holotype (photograph by Enrica Steiner, sent by Eva Sprecher). Scale = 1 mm.

FIGURES 98–99. South America distributional records. 98, Compsodactylus; 99, Dasyus. Scale = 500 km.