Parthenicus cruentus, HENRY, 2007

HENRY, THOMAS J., 2007, Synopsis of the Eastern North American Species of the Plant Bug Genus Parthenicus, with Descriptions of Three New Species and a Revised Key (Heteroptera: Miridae: Orthotylinae), American Museum Novitates 3593, pp. 1-32 : 5-10

Parthenicus cruentus , new species figures 1, 2 , 13 –30

HOLOTYPE 3: USA: Nebraska: Johnson Co.: near Vesta , 40.35639 ° N 96.33751 ° W, 11 Jul 1986, T.J. Henry and A.G. Wheeler, Jr. (AMNH_PBI 00070409) (USNM).

DIAGNOSIS: This red-spotted species ( figs. 1, 2 ), with macropterous males and macropterous and/or brachypterous females, is very similar to P. psalliodes Reuter in the overall pale color with small red spots over the dorsum, pale antennal segment II, and the infuscated hindfemora with small dark brown spots. It is distinguished by the overall smaller size, the translucent hemelytral membrane with two fumate or fuscous blotches on the margins, and the male genitalia ( figs. 25–27 ), particularly the much more slender right paramere ( fig. 26 ). In addition, P. cruentus has strongly brachypterous females within its populations, whereas I have never seen a brachypterous P. psalliodes among the numerous specimens examined from Florida to Texas.

DESCRIPTION: Macropterous male (N 510; holotype in parentheses): Length to apex of membrane 2.55–2.85 mm (2.60 mm), length to base of cuneus 1.80–1.85 mm (1.75 mm), width 1.06–1.12 mm (1.06 mm). Head: Length 0.30–0.34 mm (0.32 mm), width across eyes 0.53–0.56 mm (0.53 mm), vertex between eyes 0.27–0.29 mm (0.27 mm). Labium: Length 1.06–1.09 mm (1.07 mm), extending to third abdominal segment. Antenna: Segment I, length 0.24–0.27 mm (0.24 mm); II, 0.88–0.91 mm (0.85 mm); III, 0.56–0.62 mm (0.69 mm); IV, 0.29–0.30 mm (0.34 mm). Pronotum: Length 0.38–0.40 mm, basal width 0.83– 0.90 mm (0.80 mm).

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19 June 1989). 4, P. juniperi , female (same data as for male). 5, P. knighti , male (Florida, Fort Meyers, 12 May 1928). 6, P. knighti , female (same data as for male). 7, P. psalliodes , male (Texas, College Station, 9 May 1929). 8, P. psalliodes , female (Florida, Alachua, Gainesville, 28–29 April 1981). 9, P. rufus , male (South Carolina, Lexington Co., 0.4 km N of S65, 3.3 km E of Gaston, 5 June 1999). 10, P. rufus , female (Florida, Collier Co., 1.5 mi E of Hendry Co. line, 25 April 1982). 11, P. sedumicola , male (Arkansas, Stone Co., Rt. 5, at Sylamore Creek Access, jct. Rts. 9 & 14, 13 June 2001). 12, P. sedumicola , female (same data as for male).

Macropterous female (N 510): Length to apex of membrane 2.30–2.85 mm, length to base of cuneus 1.73–1.98 mm, width 1.06– 1.12 mm. Head: Length 0.34–0.37 mm, width across eyes 0.54–0.56 mm, vertex between eyes 0.29–0.32 mm. Labium: Length 1.10– 1.12 mm, extending to base of ovipositor. Antenna: Segment I, length 0.22–0.24 mm; II, 0.85–0.93 mm; III, 0.59–0.69 mm; IV, 0.32– 0.37 mm. Pronotum: Length 0.37–0.42 mm, basal width 0.78–0.91 mm.

Brachypterous female (N 510): Length to apex of membrane 2.08–2.14 mm, length to base of cuneus 1.57–1.76 mm, width 1.02– 1.04 mm. Head: Length 0.29–0.32 mm, width across eyes 0.54–0.56 mm, vertex between eyes 0.30–0.32 mm. Labium: Length 1.07– 1.10 mm, extending to base of ovipositor. Antenna: Segment I, length 0.21–0.22 mm; II, 0.78–0.84 mm; III, 0.61–0.66 mm; IV, 0.3– 0.37 mm. Pronotum: Length 0.32–0.34 mm, basal width 0.74–0.77 mm. COLORATION ( figs. 1, 2 ): Overall coloration pale yellowish brown, densely intermixed with tiny red to brown spots. Head: Pale yellowish brown, with mottled brown markings on vertex and four to five indistinct transverse brown lines on either side of frons. Antenna: Segment I pale yellow to pale yellowish brown, sometimes with a narrow reddish- or brownish-red ring at base, particularly in females; II uniformly pale yellowish brown; III and IV yellowish brown, becoming dusky brown distally. Pronotum: Yellowish brown, shaded with darker brown across calli, densely interspersed with mostly small brown and some red (posteriorly) spots; mesoscutum brown; scutellum brown, becoming paler distally with a few small brown spots. Hemelytron: Pale yellowish brown, with numerous, evenly distributed, small, irregular red spots, with slightly fewer spots on cuneus; membrane clear or translucent brown, with two dark or fumate spots on margin (less distinct on brachypters), a smaller one near apex of cuneus and a slightly larger one just beyond, veins pale yellowish with small red spots on most areas. Ventral surface: Yellowish brown to brown, abdomen usually with a few red spots basally and often accented with dark brown. Legs: Femora yellowish brown to brown, densely speckled with dark brown spots on distal third to two-thirds, hindfemur becoming dark brown on some specimens but with brown spots still visible; tibiae pale yellowish brown with distinct red spots at bases of most pale brown spines, spots indistinct or absent on distal one-third of front and middle tibiae; tarsi pale yellowish brown; claws brown to fuscous. TEXTURE AND VESTITURE: Dorsum impunctate and semishiny. Head, pronotum, scutellum, and hemelytra with scattered long, erect and semierect, pale or whitish, simple setae, intermixed with white or silvery scalelike setae, the latter restricted on hemelytra mostly to clavus and basal half of corium; hemelytra also with black scalelike setae concentrated mostly on apical half of clavus and apical third of corium (and with a few on scutellum). Ventral surface with scattered simple setae and a few white scalelike setae on pleural areas of thorax and sides and ventral surface of abdomen. STRUCTURE: Males ( fig. 1 ) fully macropterous with well-developed hemelytra. Females either fully macropterous or subbrachypterous ( fig. 2 ) with the cuneus and membrane greatly shortened.

Male genitalia: Left paramere ( fig. 25 ) strongly arching, stout at base, more slender distally; right paramere ( fig. 26 ) slender, Cshaped; vesica (and phallotheca) ( fig. 27 ) with one slender spiculum.

ETYMOLOGY: From the Latin ‘‘cruor’’, meaning spotted with red (blood), referring to the pale red-spotted dorsum of this species.

HOSTS: Undetermined Asteraceae . The host and biology of this species are being investigated by A.G. Wheeler, Jr.

DISTRIBUTION: Southeastern Nebraska.

PARATYPES: USA: Nebraska: Johnson Co.: near Vesta , 40.35639 ° N 96.33751 ° W, 11 Jul 1986, T.J. Henry and A.G. Wheeler, Jr., 153 (AMNH_PBI 00070443–00070456, AMNH_ PBI 00070459), 51♀ (AMNH_PBI 00070410– 00070442, AMNH_PBI 00070460, AMNH_ PBI 00070474–00070490) (AMNH, CNC, USNM) .

Parthenicus juniperi (Heidemann) figures 3, 4

Psallus juniperi Heidemann, 1892: 225 (n.sp.), 1905: 49 (as n.sp.); Van Duzee, 1916: 46 (list), 1917: 406 (cat.). Lectotype designated by Wheeler and Henry, 1975: 361.

Apocremnus (Psallus) juniperi: Barber, 1914: 500 (list).

Parthenicus juniperi: Knight, 1919: 114 (comb., note), 1923: 499 (descrip., key); Blatchley, 1926: 806 (descrip., note, key); Knight, 1941: 76 (descrip., key, fig.); Froeschner, 1949: 166 (note, key); Carvalho, 1958: 123 (cat.); Akingbohungbe et al., 1972: 11 (list), 1973: 14 (descrip. nymph); Wheeler and Henry, 1975: 361 (note, type desig.), 1977: 637 (descrip., distr., hosts); Henry and Smith, 1979: 214 (list); Henry, 1982: 356 (descrip., distr., hosts, key, figs.); Wheeler et al., 1983: 142 (list, host); Snodgrass et al., 1984: 853 (list, host); Henry and Wheeler, 1988: 439 (cat.); Schuh, 1995: 179 (cat.); Maw et al., 2000: 119 (list); Henry et al., 2005: 61 (list, hosts).

DIAGNOSIS: This species is distinguished from other eastern United States species by the testaceous dorsum ( figs. 3, 4 ), often with a salmon-pink tinge, the infuscated scutellum, the dense black scalelike setae on the scutellum and apex of the corium, the contrastingly red cuneus, and the pale testaceous tibiae lacking spots at the bases of the spines. Both males and females of P. juniperi are always fully macropterous.

HOSTS: Common on native eastern red cedar, Juniperus virginiana L., ornamental Chinese juniper, Juniperus chinensis L., and other species of Chamaecyparis , Juniperus , and Thuja (Cupressaceae) ( Wheeler and Henry, 1977; Henry, 1982). Juniperus bermudensis L. is a new host record from Bermuda. All noncupressaceous hosts listed in the specimen data are accidental or merely sitting records.

DISTRIBUTION: This species, originally described from Washington, D.C., and Berkeley Springs, West Virginia ( Heidemann 1892), later was reported from Canada (Ontario) and the following U.S. states: Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Maryland, Massachusetts, Mississippi, Missouri, North Carolina, Nebraska, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Virginia, and Wisconsin ( Henry and Wheeler, 1988; Henry et al., 2005). Wheeler and Henry (1977) designated a lectotype from Washington, D.C. Henry (1982) indicated that this species is widespread east of the 100th Meridian. New U.S. state records are Alabama, Arkansas, Colorado, Connecticut, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, New Jersey, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, and Texas. Bermuda is a new record overlooked by Henry and Hillburn (1990).

TYPE MATERIAL EXAMINED: Lectotype ♀: USA: District of Columbia: No specific locality, Washington, D.C., 19 Jun 1891, ‘‘ Heidemann Collection’ ’ (AMNH_PBI 00071228) (USNM).

OTHER SPECIMENS EXAMINED: BERMUDA: Smith’s Parish Co.: Spittal Pond, 32.31194 ° N 64.72611 ° W, 1 m, 13 Jan 1988, T.J. Henry, Juniperus bermudiana L. ( Cupressaceae ), 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00070201) (USNM). CANADA: Ontario: Dunnville, 42.9 ° N 79.61666 ° W, 09 Jul 1962, Kelton and Thorpe, 1♀ (CNC). Effingham, 43.07 ° N 79.3 ° W, 12 Jul 1955, L.A. Kelton, 13, 2♀ (CNC); 11 Aug 1961, L. A. Kelton, 53, 11♀ (CNC). Forest, 43.1 ° N 82 ° W, 17 Jul 1962, Kelton and Brumpton, Juniperus virginiana L. ( Cupressaceae ), 43, 7♀ (CNC). Ipperwash Provincial Park, 43.21666 ° N 81.95416 ° W, 11 Jul 1962, Kelton and Thorpe, Juniperus virginiana L. ( Cupressaceae ), 133, 10♀ (CNC). Jordan, 43.15 ° N 79.38 ° W, 17 Jul 1961, L.A. Kelton, Juniperus virginiana L. ( Cupressaceae ), 153, 9♀ (CNC); 9 Aug 1961, L.A. Kelton, Juniperus virginiana L. ( Cupressaceae ), 7♀ (CNC); 26 Sep 1961, L.A. Kelton, Juniperus virginiana L. ( Cupressaceae ), 123, 26♀ (CNC); 24 Aug 1961, Kelton and Brumpton, Juniperus virginiana L. ( Cupressaceae ), 13, 5♀ (CNC). Kingsville, 42.03333 ° N 82.75 ° W, 7 Jul 1962, G. Thorpe, Juniperus virginiana L. ( Cupressaceae ), 33, 7♀ (CNC). Leamington, 42.05 ° N 82.58333 ° W, 12 Sep 1961 – 13 Sep 1961, Kelton and Brumpton, Juniperus virginiana L. ( Cupressaceae ), 1♀ (CNC). Mount Pleasant, 44.23333 ° N 77.03333 ° W, 22 Aug 1961, L.A. Kelton, 1♀ (CNC). Nepean, Piney Forest, Lafontaine House, 45.31754 ° N 75.73024 ° W, 102 m, 18 Jul 1991, M.D. Schwartz, 1♀ (CNC). Niagara Falls, 43.25 ° N 79.06666 ° W, 14 Aug 1961, L.A. Kelton, Fraxinus sp. (Oleaceae) , 1♀ (CNC). Normandale, 42.72 ° N 80.32 ° W, 13 Jul 1962, H. Blanchard, Juniperus virginiana L. ( Cupressaceae ), 33, 3♀ (CNC). Point Pelee, 41.96666 ° N 82.51666 ° W, 13 Sep 1961, G. Brumpton, Juniperus virginiana L. ( Cupressaceae ), 13, 1♀ (CNC). Turkey Point, 42.7 ° N 80.32 ° W, 4 Jul 1962, G. Thorpe, Pinus banksiana Lamb. (Pinaceae) , 13 (CNC). Vineland, 43.15 ° N 79.4 ° W, 1 Aug 1977 – 5 Aug 1977, L.A. Kelton, Juniperus virginiana L. ( Cupressaceae ), 103, 19♀ Catalpa sp. (Bignoniaceae) , 13, 3♀ (CNC). USA: Alabama: Washington Co.: LeRoy, 31.50461 ° N 87.98472 ° W, 12 Jun 1917, H.H. Knight, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00070202), 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00070203) (USNM). Arkansas: Drew Co.: Monticello University, 33.59039 ° N 91.81319 ° W, 9 Jun 1987, H.H. Knight, Juniperus virginiana L. ( Cupressaceae ), 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00070204) (USNM). Faulkner Co.: Conway, Hendrix College, 35.09925 ° N 92.44182 ° W, 12 Jun 1987, T.J. Henry and A.G. Wheeler, Thuja occidentalis L. ( Cupressaceae ), 13 (AMNH_ PBI 00070205) (USNM). Garland Co.: Rt. 298, 5.1 mi. W. of Rt. 7, 34.70483 ° N 93.14733 ° W, 08 Jun 2004, T.J. Henry and A.G. Wheeler, Jr, Juniperus virginiana L. ( Cupressaceae ), 2♀ (AMNH_PBI 00070206–00070207) (USNM). Johnson Co.: Clarksville, University of Ozarks, 35.47533 ° N 93.46783 ° W, 9 Jun 2004, T.J. Henry and A.G. Wheeler, Jr., Juniperus chinensis L. ( Cupressaceae ), 13 (AMNH_PBI 00070208), 7♀ (AMNH_PBI 00070209–00070215) (USNM). Newton Co.: Rt. 16, overlook at Deer, 35.82033 ° N 93.21633 ° W, 11 Jun 2004, T.J. Henry and A.G. Wheeler, Jr., Juniperus virginiana L. ( Cupressaceae ), 33 (AMNH_PBI 00070218– 00070220), 2♀ (AMNH_PBI 00070216–00070217) (USNM). Pope Co.: Russellville, Arkansas Tech. University, 35.27842 ° N 93.13379 ° W, 13 Jan 1987, T.J. Henry and A.G. Wheeler, Jr., Juniperus virginiana L. ( Cupressaceae ), 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00070221) (USNM). Washington Co.: Durham on White River (Middle Fork), 35.94952 ° N 93.98048 ° W, 382 m, 27 Jul 1986, M.D. Schwartz, Juniperus virginiana L. ( Cupressaceae ), 23 (AMNH_PBI 00071309–00071310), 15♀ (AMNH_PBI 0007131–00071325) (AMNH). Juniperus virginiana L. ( Cupressaceae ), 23, 1♀ (CNC). Fayetteville, University of Arkansas campus, 36.06258 ° N 94.15743 ° W, 15 Jun 1987, T.J. Henry and A.G. Wheeler, Jr., Juniperus virginiana L. ( Cupressaceae ), 2♀ (AMNH_PBI 00070222– 00070223) (USNM). Colorado: Larimer Co.: Fort Collins, Colorado State University Campus, 40.57 ° N 105.08 ° W, 18 Aug 2005, T.J. Henry and A.G. Wheeler, Jr., Juniperus chinensis L. ( Cupressaceae ), 63 (AMNH_PBI 00071230– 00071235), 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00071229) (USNM). Connecticut: Middlesex Co.: Wesleyan University, Middletown, 41.55565 ° N 72.65565 ° W, 15 Jul 1989, A.G. Wheeler, Jr., Juniperus chinensis L. ( Cupressaceae ), 3♀ (AMNH_PBI 00070224–00070226) (USNM). District of Columbia: Washington, D.C., 38.90817 ° N 77.05105 ° W, 19 Jul 1926, H.H. Knight, 13, 1♀ (CNC). Washington D.C., 38.89178 ° N 77.00831 ° W, 30 Jun 1926 – 19 Jul 1926, H.H. Knight, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00070227), 31♀ (AMNH_PBI 00070228–00070258) (USNM); 12 Jul 1891, Unknown, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00070265) (USNM); 19 Jun 1891, Unknown, 1♀ (AMNH_ PBI 00070266) (USNM). Florida: Brevard Co.: Merritt Island National Wildlife Refuge, near draw bridge, 28.73833 ° N 80.75116 ° W, 12 May 2003, T.J. Henry and A.G. Wheeler, Jr., Juniperus virginiana L. ( Cupressaceae ), 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00070259) (USNM). Highlands Co.: Rt 70, 3 mi W of Rt 27, near Archbold Biological Station, 27.2 ° N 81.38 ° W, 30 Apr 1982, T.J. Henry and A.G. Wheeler, Jr., 13 (AMNH_PBI 00070260) (USNM). Volusia Co.: South Daytona, 29.16556 ° N 81.00472 ° W, 19 Apr 1959, J.F. Brimley, 1♀ (CNC). Georgia: DeKalb Co.: Stone Mountain, 33.80816 ° N 84.1702 ° W, 8 Jun 1917, H.H. Knight, 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00070261) (USNM). Peach Co.: Peach County, 32.5666 ° N 83.8333 ° W, 12 Jul 1943, Turner, Light Trap, 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00070262) (USNM). Indiana: Putnam Co.: 39.6444 ° N 86.8647 ° W, 1 Oct 1923, W.S. Blatchley, 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00070263) (USNM). Iowa: Linn Co.: Palisades- Kepler State Park, 41.90751 ° N 91.50629 ° W, 8 Jul 1950, Laffoon, Slater, Hicks, 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00070350) (USNM). Monroe Co.: Albia, 41.02667 ° N 92.80556 ° W, 15 Jul 1927, Harris and Johnston,cedar,13(CNC). Kansas: CrawfordCo.: Pittsburg State University, Pittsburg, 37.41088 ° N 94.70496 ° W, 7 Jul 2000, A.G. Wheeler, Jr., Juniperus virginiana L. ( Cupressaceae ), 13 (AMNH_PBI 00070351), 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00070352) (USNM). Riley Co.: Manhattan, Kansas State University, 39.1965 ° N 96.57616 ° W, 375 m, 22 Jun 1999, T.J. Henry and A.G. Wheeler, Jr., Juniperus virginiana L. ( Cupressaceae ), 13 (AMNH_PBI 00070353), 2♀ (AMNH_PBI 00070354, AMNH_PBI 00070355) (USNM). Kentucky: Bullitt Co.: Bernheim Arboretum and Research Forest, 37.91833 ° N 85.66716 ° W, 22 Jun 2001, T.J. Henry and A.G. Wheeler, Jr., Juniperus chinensis L. ( Cupressaceae ), 13 (AMNH_PBI 00070356) (USNM). Fayette Co.: Lexington, University of Kentucky Campus, 38.03483 ° N 84.5025 ° W, 17 Jun 2001, T.J. Henry and A.G. Wheeler, Jr., Juniperus chinensis L. ( Cupressaceae ), 2♀ (AMNH_PBI00070357–00070358) (USNM). Franklin Co.: Frankfort, 38.20091 ° N 84.87328 ° W, 7 Jun 1991, A.G. Wheeler, Jr., Juniperus virginiana L. ( Cupressaceae ), 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00070359) (USNM). Simpson Co.: Rt. 591 & 383 at Providence, 4 Jun 1985, T.J. Henry and A.G. Wheeler, Jr., Juniperus virginiana (Cupressaceae) , 23 (AMNH_PBI 00070360–00070361) (USNM). Maryland: Montgomery Co.: Cabin John Bridge, 38.97528 ° N 77.15833 ° W, 29 Jul 1914, H.S. Barber, 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00070272) (USNM). Plummers Island, 38.97049 ° N 77.1763 ° W, 8 Jun 1913, W.L. McAtee, 5♀ (AMNH_PBI 00070368–00070371, AMNH_PBI 00070374) (USNM); 13 Sep 1914, W.L. McAtee, 5♀ (AMNH_PBI 00070362– 00070366) (USNM); 5 Jul 1914, W.L. McAtee, 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00070367) (USNM); 4 Sep 1913, W.L. McAtee, 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00070373) (USNM); 12 Oct 1913, W.L. McAtee, 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00070372) (USNM). Rockville, 39.084 ° N 77.15276 ° W, 19 Jun 1989, W.E. Steiner and J.M.Swearingen,33(AMNH_PBI 00070273– 00070275) (USNM). St. Mary’s Co.: Calloway [Landing], 38.16874 ° N 76.46079 ° W, 26 Aug 1946, R.I. Sailer, 2♀ (AMNH_PBI 00070276–00070277) (USNM). Massachusetts: Dukes Co.: Marthas Vineyard, 41.33333 ° N 70.61611 ° W, 24 m, 13 Aug 1929, F.M. Jones, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00070278) (USNM). Michigan: Ingham Co.: Dansville, Fairview Cemetary, 42.55587 ° N 84.3033 ° W, 15 Jul 1991, T.J. Henry and A.G. Wheeler, Jr., Juniperus virginiana L. ( Cupressaceae ), 3♀ (AMNH_PBI 00070279–00070281) (USNM). Minnesota: Ramsey Co.: Saint Anthony Park, 44.97805 ° N 93.19083 ° W, 25 Jul 1924, H.H. Knight, 23 (AMNH_PBI 00070284–00070285) (USNM). Washington Co.: Grey Cloud Island, 44.79916 ° N 93.00666 ° W, 20Jul 1920, H.H. Knight, Juniperus virginiana L. ( Cupressaceae ), 2♀ (AMNH_PBI 00070282–00070283) (USNM). Missouri: Ozark Co.: Gainesville, Rt.181 at Jct. 160, 36.60816 ° N 92.4155 ° W, 14 Jun 2004, T.J. Henry and A.G. Wheeler, Jr., Juniperus virginiana L. ( Cupressaceae ), 2♀ (AMNH_PBI 00070286– 00070287) (USNM). Nebraska: Adams Co.: Hastings, Hastings College Campus, 40.59168 ° N 98.37311 ° W, 12 Jul 1986, T.J. Henry and A.G. Wheeler, Jr., Juniperus sp. (Cupressaceae) , 23 (AMNH_PBI 00070288–00070289), 2♀ (AMNH_ PBI 00070290–00070291) (USNM). Antelope Co.: Royal, 42.33222 ° N 98.12556 ° W, 27 Jul 1973, L.A. Kelton, Juniperus virginiana L. ( Cupressaceae ), 73, 6♀ (CNC). Brown Co.: Long Pine, 42.53639 ° N 99.70028 ° W, 27 Jun 1973, L.A. Kelton, Juniperus sp. (Cupressaceae) , 103, 5♀ (CNC). Buffalo Co.: Odessa, 40.70168 ° N 99.25676 ° W, 677 m, 7 Sep 1972,L.A.Kelton, Juniperus sp.(Cupressaceae) ,13 (CNC). Fillmore Co.: Fairmont, Jct. 6 & 81, 40.63695 ° N 97.58533 ° W, 12 Jul 1986, T.J. Henry and A.G. Wheeler, Jr., Juniperus scopulorum L. ( Cupressaceae ), 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00070292) (USNM). Garden Co.: Wood Lake, 41.91664 ° N 102.3501 ° W, 27 Jun 1973, L.A. Kelton, Juniperus virginiana L. ( Cupressaceae ), 73, 4♀ (CNC). Nemaha Co.: Auburn, at cemetery, 40.39278 ° N 95.83889 ° W, 11 Jul 1986, T.J. Henry and A.G. Wheeler, Jr., Juniperus sp. (Cupressaceae) , 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00070295) (USNM). Peru, Neal Park, 40.46972 ° N 95.73277 ° W, 9 Jul 1986, T.J. Henry and A.G. Wheeler, Jr., Juniperus chinensis L. ( Cupressaceae ), 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00070294) (USNM). Rt. 75, near Auburn & Little Nemaha River, 10 Jul 1986, T.J. Henry and A.G. Wheeler, Jr., Juniperus sp. L. ( Cupressaceae ), 13 (AMNH_ PBI 00070293) (USNM). New Jersey: Ocean Co.: Mystic Island, Radio Road on Bay, 39.5394 ° N 74.3883 ° W, 1 m, 4 Jul 1977, T.J. Henry, Juniperus virginiana L. ( Cupressaceae ), 13 (AMNH_PBI 00070270) (USNM). Seaside Heights Park, 39.92667 ° N 74.0775 ° W, 3 Jul 1977, T.J. Henry, Juniperus sp. L. ( Cupressaceae ), 23 (AMNH_PBI 00070264, AMNH_PBI 00070267), 2♀ (AMNH_ PBI 00070268–00070269) (USNM). New York: Nassau Co.: Muttontown Park and Preserve, East Norwich, 40.84667 ° N 73.53556 ° W, 14 Jul 1985, M.D. Schwartz, Juniperus virginiana L. ( Cupressaceae ), 15♀ (AMNH_PBI 00071241–00071254, AMNH_PBI 00071308) (AMNH). Old Westbury, Bacon Road, 40.778 ° N 73.6185 ° W, 43 m, 7 Aug 1988, M.D. Schwartz, Juniperus virginiana L. ( Cupressaceae ), 3♀ (AMNH_PBI 00071329– 00071331) (AMNH). Roslyn, Cemetery on Rt 25A, 40.80902 ° N 73.63199 ° W, 60 m, 30 Jun 1985, M.D. Schwartz, 9♀ (AMNH_PBI 00071298– 00071306) Thuja occidentalis L. ( Cupressaceae ), 63 (AMNH_PBI 00070375–00070380) Thuja occidentalis L. ( Cupressaceae ), 13 (AMNH_PBI 00071240), 5♀ (AMNH_PBI 00070382, AMNH_ PBI 00071236–00071239) Tsuga canadensis L. ( Cupressaceae ), 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00070381) (AMNH). Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carr. ( Pinaceae ), 13 Thuja occidentalis L. ( Cupressaceae ), 23 (CNC). Queens Co.: Flushing Meadow, Corona Park near zoo, 40.74326 ° N 73.86053 ° W, 8 m, 13 Jul 1985, M.D. Schwartz, 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00071307) (AMNH). Rockland Co.: Rockland Lake State Park, 41.13833 ° N 73.9225 ° W, 26 Jun 1988, M.D. Schwartz, Juniperus virginiana L. ( Cupressaceae ), 33 (AMNH_PBI 00071326– 00071328), 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00071332) (AMNH). Juniperus virginiana L. ( Cupressaceae ), 13 (CNC). West Nyack, NY, 41.09649 ° N 73.97292 ° W, 22 Sep 1921, C.E. Olsen, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00070271) (USNM). Suffolk Co.: Cold Spring Harbor, Long Island, 40.87678 ° N 73.47043 ° W, 26 Jul 1920, H.M. Parshley, 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00070327) (USNM); 25 Jul 1902, H.G. Barber, Juniperus virginiana L. ( Cupressaceae ), 13 (AMNH_PBI 00070328), 8♀ (AMNH_PBI 00070329–00070336) (USNM). Coram, Penniquid Barrens, 40.86861 ° N 73.50138 ° W, 29 m, Engelhardt, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00070326) (USNM).East Quogue, Quogue Wildlife Refuge, 40.84056 ° N 72.58194 ° W, 19 Jul 1988, M.D. Schwartz, Juniperus virginiana L. ( Cupressaceae ), 13 (CNC). Riverhead, 40.91704 ° N 72.66204 ° W, 10 May 1953, R. Latham, 13 (AMNH_PBI 00070337) (USNM). Tompkins Co.: Taghanic [sic, Taughannock], Ithaca, 42.5454 ° N 76.604 ° W, 152 m, 11 Jul 1920, H.H. Knight, Juniperus virginiana L. ( Cupressaceae ), 63(AMNH_PBI 00070338– 00070343), 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00070344) (USNM). North Carolina: Mecklenburg Co.: near Matthews, Rt 51 1 mi W of Rt 16, 35.11667 ° N 80.72389 ° W, 2 Sep 1973, A.G. Wheeler, Jr., Juniperus virginiana L. ( Cupressaceae ), 13 (AMNH_PBI 00070345) (USNM). Oklahoma: Alfalfa Co.: Unknown locality, 36.72071 ° N 98.33717 ° W, 21 Jul 1949 – 10 Sep 1949, S. Coppock, Jr., 23 (AMNH_PBI 00070346– 00070347), 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00070348) (USNM). Cherokee Co.: Northeastern State University, Tahlequah, 18 June 1999, 35.91537 ° N 94.96996 ° W, 18 Jun 1999, T.J. Henry and A.G. Wheeler, Jr., Juniperus virginiana L. ( Cupressaceae ), 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00070349) (USNM).Cleveland Co.: Norman University, 35.20266 ° N 97.44233 ° W, 300 m, 13 Jun 1999, T.J. Henry and A.G. Wheeler, Jr., Juniperus chinensis L. ( Cupressaceae ), 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00070309) (USNM). Pennsylvania: Dauphin Co.: Harrisburg Cemetery, 40.26981 ° N 76.87358 ° W, 22 Aug 1972, collector unknown, Juniperusvirginiana L.( Cupressaceae ),13(AMNH_ PBI 00070310) (USNM). Franklin Co.: Chambersburg, 39.9375 ° N 77.66139 ° W, 8 Aug 1922, J.R. Stear,13(AMNH_PBI00070311), 1♀ (AMNH_ PBI 00070312) (USNM). Monroe Co.: Sciota Flea Market, Drive In Movie, 40.9345 ° N 75.3201 ° W, 183 m, 7 Jul 1985, M.D. Schwartz, Juniperus virginiana L. ( Cupressaceae ), 133 (AMNH_PBI 00071255–00071267), 30♀ (AMNH_ PBI 00071268–00071297) (AMNH). Juniperus virginiana L. ( Cupressaceae ), 23 (CNC). South Carolina: Lancaster Co.: 40 Acre Rock near Taxanaw, 7 May 1989, A.G. Wheeler, Jr., Juniperus virginiana L. ( Cupressaceae ), 13 (AMNH_PBI 00070313) (USNM). Oconee Co.: Seneca, 34.68556 ° N 82.95333 ° W, 20 Aug 1957, W.R. Richards, 1♀ (CNC). Orangeburg Co.: Edisto Gardens, 33.47639 ° N 80.89889 ° W, 06 May 1989, A.G. Wheeler, Jr., Juniperus virginiana L. ( Cupressaceae ), 13 (AMNH_PBI 00070315) (USNM). York Co.: Winthrop College, Rock Hill, 34.9407 ° N 81.02841 ° W, 2 Jul 1988, A.G. Wheeler, Jr., Juniperus virginiana L. ( Cupressaceae ), 13 (AMNH_PBI 00070314) (USNM). Tennessee: Cannon Co.: Woodbury, 35.82757 ° N 86.07166 ° W, 28 May 1985, T.J. Henry and A.G. Wheeler, Jr., Juniperus virginiana L.( Cupressaceae ), 3♀ (AMNH_ PBI00070316–00070318)(USNM).RutherfordCo.: Middle Tennessee State University campus, Murfreesboro, 35.84556 ° N 86.39028 ° W, 28 May 1985, T.J.HenryandA.G.Wheeler,Jr., Juniperusvirginiana L. ( Cupressaceae ), 2♀ (AMNH_PBI 00070319– 00070320) (USNM). Texas: Bastrop Co.: Pope Bend Road, 1 mi N of Rt 71, 3.7 mi E of Travis Co. line, 30.15527 ° N 97.45083 ° W, 168 m, 10 May 2002, T.J. Henry and P.S.F. Ferreira, Juniperus virginiana L. ( Cupressaceae ), 13 (AMNH_PBI 00070321), 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00070322) (USNM). Brazos Co.: College Station, 30.62778 ° N 96.33417 ° W, 7 Nov 1981, T.J. Henry, Juniperus chinensis L. ( Cupressaceae ), 13 (AMNH_PBI 00070325), 2♀ (AMNH_PBI 00070323–00070324) (USNM). Lee Co.: Rt. 21, West Yegua Creek at Lincoln, 30.28916 ° N 96.96066 ° W, 10 May 2002, T.J. Henry and A.G. Wheeler, Jr., Juniperus virginiana L. ( Cupressaceae ), 2♀ (AMNH_PBI 00070296– 00070297) (USNM). Victoria Co.: Victoria, 28.805 ° N 97.00333 ° W, 24 Apr 1983, T.J. Henry and A.G. Wheeler, Jr., Juniperus chinensis hetzi (Cupressaceae) , 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00070298) (USNM). Virginia: Arlington Co.: Unknown locality, 22 Aug 1943, R.I. Sailer, 23 (AMNH_PBI 00070299– 00070300), 3♀ (AMNH_PBI 00070301–00070303) (USNM). Essex Co.: 1 mi. SE of Dunnville, 37.86666 ° N 76.8 ° W, 27 Jul 1993, T.J. Henry, Juniperusvirginiana L.( Cupressaceae ), 3♀ (AMNH_ PBI 00070306–00070308) (USNM). Fairfax Co.: Herndon, 38.96983 ° N 77.3861 ° W, 1 Aug1911, H.G. Barber, Juniperus sp. (Cupressaceae) , 1♀ (AMNH_ PBI 00070304) (USNM). Wythe Co.: Wytheville, 36.94262 ° N 81.04564 ° W, 11Jul1954,R.L.Hoffman, 1♀ (AMNH_PBI 00070305) (USNM).

Figures

Figs. 1–12. Habitus figures of Parthenicus spp. 1, P. cruentus, male (Nebraska, Johnson Co., nr. Vesta,

Figs. 13–18. Scanning electron photomicrographs of Parthenicus cruentus adult male. 13, Lateral aspect (35.8X). 14, Head and pronotum, dorsal aspect (64.5X). 15, Head and pronotum, lateral aspect (121X). 16, Scalelike setae on head (1080X). 17, Ostiolar evaporative area (304X). 18, Genital capsule, caudal aspect (240X).

Figs. 25–27. Male genitalia of Parthenicus cruentus. 25, Left paramere. 26, Right paramere. 27, Vesica and phallotheca. Figs. 28–30. Male genitalia of Parthenicus psalliodes. 28, Left paramere. 29, Right paramere. 30, Vesica and phallotheca.